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Chronic intermittent hypoxia exacerbates lung fibrosis in bleomycin-induced lung injury mouse model
( Sang Haak Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.0
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly common among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. OSA causes chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) during sleep. We aimed to investigate the effect of CIH on bleomycin (BLE)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and to explore putative mechanisms. Methods: C57/BL6 mice were divided into four groups and then exposed to normoxia (NOR) condition or CIH for 2 weeks prior to the intratracheal injection of BLE. After BLE instillation, mice were exposed to CIH or NOR for 4 weeks. Fibrosis was evaluated by masson trichrome stain, Sirius red and hydroxyproline assay. The mRNA expressions or protein levels of fibrosis-related genes were measured by real-time PCR and western blot in lung tissue, respectively. Results: Lung histology and special staining results showed that CIH led to scattered fibrotic changes in alveolar structure and substantive fibrotic tissue dominantly situated in the perivascular space. In BLE treated group, CIH compared to NOR increased hydroxyproline (p<0.001) in lung tissue and TGF-β (p<0.01) in serum. CIH increased the mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β, and collagen type 1 in BLE group, though the difference was not statistically significant. The protein levels of TGF-β and collagen type 1 were elevated in CIH with BLE treated group. The protein level of epithelial to mesenchymal transition regulator, snail, and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were notably increased in CIH with BLE treated group. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that CIH might exacerbate the progression of BLE induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-β/ERK/snail signaling and provide proof of concept of targeting this pathway in fibrotic lung disease.
( Sung Bae Cho ),( Seon Ah Cha ),( Joon Young Choi ),( Jong Min Lee ),( Hyeon Hui Kang ),( Hwa Sik Moon ),( Sei Won Kim ),( Chang Dong Yeo ),( Sang Haak Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2015 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.78 No.1
An 18-year-old woman was evaluated for a chronic productive cough and dyspnea. She was subsequently diagnosed with mediastinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A covered self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) was implanted to relieve narrowing in for both main bronchi. The NHL went into complete remission after six chemotherapy cycles, but atelectasis developed in the left lower lobe 18 months after SEMS insertion. The left main bronchus was completely occluded by granulation tissue. However, the right main bronchus and intermedius bronchus were patent. Granulation tissue was observed adjacent to the SEMS. The granulation tissue and the SEMS were excised, and a silicone stent was successfully implanted using a rigid bronchoscope. SEMS is advantageous owing to its easy implantation, but there are considerable potential complications such as severe reactive granulation, stent rupture, and ventilation failure in serious cases. Therefore, SEMS should be avoided whenever possible in patients with benign airway disease. This case highlights that SEMS implantation should be avoided even in malignant airway obstruction cases if the underlying malignancy is curable.
( Sung Bae Cho ),( Jongmin Lee ),( Hyeon Hui Kang ),( Hwa Sik Moon ),( Sang Haak Lee ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Recent researches suggest that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer disease, but limited data exist on affecting factors in COPD patient with peptic ulcer disease on gastroduodenoscopy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records on 237 COPD patients who performed gastroduodenoscopy in 2003-2013. Patients were divided into two groups accordingly: peptic ulcer (gastric and/or duodenal ulcer) group and non-ulcerative disease group. Statistical analyses were performed with the logistic regression model to obtain the factors affecting peptic ulceration in COPD patients, controlling confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of peptic ulcer disease was 99 of 237 COPD patients (41.7%) and a male sex had a positive association with peptic ulcer disease (odds ratio[OR], 2.270, 95% confidence interval[CI], 1.189 to 4.332). There was independent relationships between the presence of peptic ulcer disease and both liters of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) (OR, 0.407, 95% CI, 0.229 to 0.724) and liters of functional vital capacity (FVC) (OR, 1.029, 95% CI, 1.011 to 1.048). Smoking status and corticosteroids, known risk factors of peptic ulcer disease in general population, did not showed expected affect on peptic ulceration. Conclusions: Our findings provide further evidence that COPD is associated with peptic ulcer disease and there is an increased risk for peptic ulcer associated with COPD severity.
Docetaxel-induced Interstitial Pneumonitis (DIIP) in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
( Sung Kyung Kim ),( Seung Joon Kim ),( Sang Haak Lee ),( Chi Hong Kim ),( Soon Seok Kwon ),( Young Kyoon Kim ),( Kwan Hyoung Kim ),( Hwa Sik Moon ),( Jeong Seob Song ),( Sung Hak Park ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2007 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.105 No.-
( Sang Haak Lee ),( Chin Kook Rhee ),( Kwangha Yoo ),( Jeong Woong Park ),( Suk Joong Yong ),( Jusang Kim ),( Taehoon Lee ),( Seong Yong Lim ),( Ji-hyun Lee ),( Hye Yun Park ),( Minyoung Moon ),( Ki-s 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.84 No.2
Background: Many chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients receiving monotherapy continue to experience symptoms, exacerbations and poor quality of life. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of direct switch from once-daily tiotropium (TIO) 18 μg to indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY) 110/50 μg once daily in COPD patients in Korea. Methods: This was a randomized, open-label, parallel group, 12-week trial in mild-to-moderate COPD patients who received TIO 18 μg once daily for ≥12 weeks prior to study initiation. Patients aged ≥40 years, with predicted post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) ≥50%, post-bronchodilator FEV<sub>1</sub>/forced vital capacity <0.7 and smoking history of ≥10 pack-years were included. Eligible patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either IND/GLY or TIO. The primary objective was to demonstrate superiority of IND/GLY over TIO in pre-dose trough FEV1 at week 12. Secondary endpoints included transition dyspnea index (TDI) focal score, COPD assessment test (CAT) total score, and rescue medication use following the 12-week treatment, and safety assessment. Results: Of the 442 patients screened, 379 were randomized and 347 completed the study. IND/GLY demonstrated superiority in pre-dose trough FEV1 versus TIO at week 12 (least squares mean treatment difference [Δ], 50 mL; p=0.013). Also, numerical improvements were observed with IND/GLY in the TDI focal score (Δ, 0.31), CAT total score (Δ, -0.81), and rescue medication use (Δ, -0.09 puffs/day). Both treatments were well tolerated by patients. Conclusion: A direct switch from TIO to IND/GLY provided improvements in lung function and other patient-reported outcomes with an acceptable safety profile in patients with mild-to-moderate airflow limitation.
( Sung Bae Cho ),( Jong Min Lee ),( Hyeon Hui Kang ),( Hwa Sik Moon ),( Sang Haak Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-
Background: Recent researches suggest that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer disease, but limited data exist on affecting factors in COPD patient with peptic ulcer disease on gastroduodenoscopy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records on 237 COPD patients who performed gastroduodenoscopy in 2003-2013. Patients were divided into two groups accordingly: peptic ulcer (gastric and/or duodenal ulcer) group and non-ulcerative disease group. Statistical analyses were performed with the logistic regression model to obtain the factors affecting peptic ulceration in COPD patients, controlling confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of peptic ulcer disease was 99 of 237 COPD patients (41.7%) and a male sex had a positive association with peptic ulcer disease (odds ratio[OR], 2.270, 95% confidence interval[CI], 1.189 to 4.332). There was independent relationships between the presence of peptic ulcer disease and both liters of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) (OR, 0.407, 95% CI, 0.229 to 0.724) and liters of functional vital capacity (FVC) (OR, 1.029, 95% CI, 1.011 to 1.048). Smoking status and corticosteroids, known risk factors of peptic ulcer disease in general population, did not showed expected affect on peptic ulceration. Conclusions: Our findings provide further evidence that COPD is associated with peptic ulcer disease and there is an increased risk for peptic ulcer associated with COPD severity.
Pulmonary Artery Involvement As First Manifestation in Takayasu`s Arteritis
이상학 ( Sang Haak Lee ),송소향 ( So Hyang Song ),이숙영 ( Sook Young Lee ),김석찬 ( Seok Chan Kim ),최영미 ( Young Mi Choi ),서지원 ( Ji Won Suhr ),김치홍 ( Chi Hong Kim ),안종현 ( Joong Hyun Ahn ),김관형 ( Kwan Hyung Kim ),문화 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.57 No.-
한국인 만성 B형 간염 바이러스 ( HBV ) 보유자에서 HBV 유전자형 - 일차 중합 효소 반응법에 의한 온전한 B 형 간염 바이러스 증폭 및 그의 염기 서열 -
김학철(Haak Cheoul Kim),서검석(Geom Suk Seo),김용성(Youg Sung Kim),송우건(Woo Gun Song),문형배(Hyung Bae Moon),조지현(Jie Heun Cho) 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.61 No.5
N/A Background : Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is major source of chronic liver disease in Korea. However this virus might have different nucleotide sequence according to races, different region, etc. Recently the novel method that allows sensitive amplification with dramatically decreased mis-incorporation has developed. We determined to get the major form of HBV nucleotide sequence from whole sequencing data of 26 Korean HBV carriers. Methods : HBV DNA were collected from 26 Korean chronic HBV carriers. We used the novel PCR with pfu for the amplification of HBV DNA, and specific primers were made with combination sequence bases of non-HBV part and HBV parts which were located head and tail in the virion. Then whole length of HBV were directly sequenced and analysed. Result : HBV DNA was consisted of 3215 bases in 20 cases of 26 Korean chronic HBV carriers. And the remainder had smaller or larger number due to deletion, insertion or both in pre-S2 and S gene. They were 99.03% homology of their nucleotide sequence and belong to genotype C. The variability of nucleotide sequence was significantly higher in the singly coding region (SCR) than doubly coding region (DCR), and also high in pre-S1 and pre-S2 gene among the DCR. Hot-spots were more frequently found in the SCR, pre-S1 and pre-S2 gene. Conclusion : In Korean chronic HBV carriers, HBV is consisted of 3215 nucleotides, and belongs to genotype C. And it might exist one genotype with the variability in Korea.(Korean J Med 61:479-488, 2001)
만성 B형 간염 바이러스 보유자에서 Core Promoter의 다양성
김학철,김용성,서검석,송우건 대한소화기학회 1999 대한소화기학회지 Vol.34 No.5
Background/Aims : The core promoter (CP) is included in X-gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV), and is composed of a upstream regulatory sequence (URS) and a basic core promotor (BCP) which is regulated by URS. Nucleotide (nt) mutation of CP might influence the expression of precore mRNA and pregenomic mRNA and the activity of liver disease. Thus, we investigated the relation between the nucleotide mutations in CP and their effects on HBeAg status, and severity of disease in chronic B viral liver disease. Methods : Samples were obtained from 7 chronic asymptomatic carriers, 9 patients with chronic hepatitis and 20 cirrhotic patients with HBV. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA analysis for CP were performed. Results : Cirrhotic group was older than asymptomatic carrier group and chronic hepatitis group. In BCP, point mutations were observed in 10 positions. Among them, nts 1753, 1762 and 1764 were frequently mutated, and the mutations at the nts 1762 and 1764 were accompanied (double mutation). In URS, point mutations were observed in 19 positions. Among these, nt 1653 (α-box) had significantly high mutation rate and the mutation at nt 1653 was closely associated with mutations at nts 1762/1764 in chronic liver disease and HBeAg (-) groups. Conclusions : The α-box of URS is closely related with double-mutation in BCP and HBeAg status in chronic B viral liver disease.
Free Paper Presentation : OS-54 ; Hazards of Smoking in Korean Population
( Keu Sung Lee ),( Seung Soo Sheen ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Sang Haak Lee ),( Yu Il Kim ),( Jae Yeol Kim ),( Eun Mi Chun ),( Kwang Ha Yoo ),( Chul Min Ahn ),( Tae Hoon Jung ),( Joo Hun Park ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-
Background: Smoking is a major cause of many noncommunicable diseases and leads to the reduction of life span. However, there are few population based studies on how smoking is associated with our general health in Korea. Therefore, we performed this study to investigate hazards of smoking on our health and major diseases associated with smoking in Korean population. Methods: Data of 12,762 subjects aged 40 years or older were obtained from Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) V from 2010 to 2012. Demographic data, laboratory findings, and major diseases were analyzed based on smoking status. Results: Blood pressure, leukocyte count, and serum glucose level were higher in smokers, however, serum cholesterol level and body mass index were higher in non-smokers (p<0.05). Smoking was associated with higher prevalence of COPD (23.6% vs 7.0%), diabetes mellitus (14.3% vs 10.5%), cerebral stroke (3.3% vs 2.2%), and coronary artery disease (4.7% vs. 3.5%), whereas depression (2.9% vs 6.1%) was more prevalent in non-smokers (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis after adjustment for age and sex showed that smoking was independently associated with COPD (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.93 -2.92) and diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.11 - 1.58), and no smoking (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.16 - 1.99) was with depression (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our analyses suggest smoking has harmful effects on health in various aspects. Especially, smoking was an independent risk factor for COPD and diabetes mellitus.