http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Sung-Chan Gwark,Shin Hwang,Ki-Hun Kim,Yong-Joo Lee,Kwang-Min Park,Chul-Soo Ahn,Deok-Bog Moon,Tae-Yong Ha,Gi-Won Song,Dong-Hwan Jung,Gil-Chun Park,Sung-Gyu Lee 한국간담췌외과학회 2012 한국간담췌외과학회지 Vol.16 No.4
Backgrounds/Aims: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBCa) T2 lesions are considered to be advanced tumors showing diverse features in tumor extent. When this T2 lesion does not involve the cystic duct and there is no evidence of lymph node metastasis, we have to consider what is the most reasonable extent of resection - that is, whether to perform concurrent extra-hepatic bile duct resection (EHBD) resection or not. This study intends to evaluate the adequacy of EHBD resection in patients undergoing resection for T2N0 GBCa. Methods: From our institutional database of GBCa, 48 cases of T2N0 GBCa who underwent R0 resection during November 1995 and August 2008 were selected. Patients who underwent prior laparoscopic cholecystectomy were excluded. Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Their mean age was 63.2±83.3 years and females were 25. The mean serum CA19-9 level was 37.3±89.3 ng/ml. The extents of liver resection were wedge resection (n=36) and segment 4a+5 resection (n=12). Concurrent EHBD resection was performed in 16 (33.3%) patients. No fatal surgical complication occurred. The majority of tumor pathology was adenocarcinoma (n=42), with additional unusual types as papillary (n=3), saromatoid (n=1), signet ring cell (n=1) and adenosquamous (n=1) cancers. The overall survival rate was 87.1% at 1 year, 69.5% at 3 years and 61.7% at 5 years. After exclusion of mortalities not related to cancer, the overall patient survival rate was 89.6% at 1 year, 72.9% at 3 years and 64.7% at 5 years, with 3-year survival rates of 72% in the EHBD resection group and 69.2% in the non-resection group (p=0.661). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that concurrent EHBD resection did not improve patient survival when R0 resection was achieved in patients with T2N0 GBCa. Therefore, routine EHBD resection may not be indicated for T2N0 GBCa unless the tumor is close to the cystic duct. (Korean J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2012;16:142-146)
Replitase - associated Enzyme Activities and Their Allosteric Interactions
Lee, Jung eun,Park, Sang Dai,Shim, Eun Yong,Kim, Chang Gil 한국유전학회 1990 Genes & Genomics Vol.12 No.4
A multienzyme complex responsible for DNA replication was isolated from the nuclei of synchronized LP1-1 cells, in which LMTK^- cell was transfected with Herpes simplex viral thymidine kinase gene (HSVTK). The nuclear fraction was found to contain spherical particles of ranging from 33.7 to 50.6 ㎚ in diameter, apparently multienzyme complex for de novo DNA biosynthesis. This multienzyme complex, termed as 'replitase', had several enzyme activities of DNA polymerase α, protein kinase, thymidine kinase and topoisomerase II, and thus, could catalyse the incorporation of labelled precursors into DNA. DNA polymerase α and its associated enzyme activities were unique to cells in S phase and increased coordinately during the G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle, suggesting the functional association of thymidine kinase with DNA polymerase α at the levels of multienzyme complex and nuclear matrix. Hydroxyurea, aphidicolin and novobiocin, inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase, DNA polymerase α and δ, and topoisomerase, respectively, all inhibited thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase α activities in intact S phase LP1-1 cells. However, in permeabilized cells hydroxyurea had no inhibitory effect on the activity of either enzyme, while aphidicolin, novobiocin and TK antiserum inhibited the activities of thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase α. The similar inhibitions observed in permeabilized cells were seen in the preparations of multienzyme complex and nuclear matrix. These results support the hypothesis that transfected viral thymidine kinase acts as a component of the multienzyme complex responsible for DNA replication and has an allosteric interaction with the subunits of the multienzyme complex.
Preoperative constipation is associated with poor prognosis of rectal cancer
Gil-Yong Lee,Sung-Min Lee,Je-Ho Jang,Heung-Kwon Oh,Duck-Woo Kim,Soyeon Ahn,Sung-Bum Kang 대한외과학회 2013 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.85 No.1
Purpose: It is unknown whether patients with advanced rectal cancer develop severe constipation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess whether constipation severity is associated with pathologic progression of rectal cancer. Methods: We analyzed 472 patients with rectal cancer who underwent elective surgical resection between January 2005 and December 2010. Constipation severity was prospectively evaluated in 407 patients (86.2%) using the Cleveland Clinic Constipation Score System. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify clinicopathologic variables associated with constipation. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the prognostic value of constipation severity on disease-free and overall survival. Results: Multivariable analysis showed that sex (regression coefficient [B] = 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 2.60; P < 0.001), body mass index (B = -0.95; 95% CI, -1.83 to -0.64; P = 0.036), tumor size (B = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.20 to 1.88; P = 0.016), T stage (B = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.23 to 1.27; P = 0.005), and distant metastasis (B = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.03 to 2.30; P = 0.045) were associated with constipation severity. Severe constipation (score ≥ 8) was independently associated with 3-year diseasefree survival (vs. scores of 0?3; hazard ratio [HR], 2.39; 95% CI, 1.15 to 4.98; P = 0.020) and 5-year overall survival (HR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.23 to 4.30; P = 0.009) in multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Our results suggest that preoperative constipation severity is associated with advanced pathologic stage and poor oncologic outcomes in patients with rectal cancer.
Gil-Chun Park,Shin Hwang,Dong-Hwan Jung,Tae-Yong Ha,Gi-Won Song,Chul-Soo Ahn,Deok-Bog Moon,Ki-Hun Kim,Young-In Yoon,Hwui-Dong Cho,Jin-Uk Choi,Sung-Gyu Lee 대한외과학회 2020 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.99 No.5
Purpose: A cryopreserved iliac artery homograft (IAH) has not been considered suitable for middle hepatic vein (MHV) reconstruction during living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), primarily due to the low patency from its small diameter. We revised our surgical techniques for MHV reconstruction using an IAH to improve its patency. Methods: This study analyzed the causes of early conduit occlusion and developed revised techniques to address this that had clinical application. Results: The potential risk factors for early conduit occlusion were the small IAH size, small graft in the segment V vein (V5) and segment VIII vein (V8) opening, and small recipient MHV-left hepatic vein stump. These factors were reflected to our revised surgical methods which included endarterectomy of the atherosclerotic plaque, unification of the internal and external iliac artery branches for large V5, and branch-patch arterioplasty for large V8. IAH endarterectomy, branch unification technique, and branch-patch arterioplasty were applied to 8, 5, and 5 patients, respectively and resulted in 1-month occlusion rates of 37.5%, 20.0%, and 40.0%, respectively. The overall patency rates of the IAH-MHV conduits in our 18 patients were 66.7% at 1 month, 38.9% at 3 months, and 33.3% at 1 year. Conclusion: Our refined MHV reconstruction using an IAH improved short-term MHV conduit patency, but did not effectively prevent early conduit occlusion, particularly with a small- or medium-sized IAH. Individualized reconstruction designs during LDLT operation are needed when an IAH is used for a modified right liver graft.
Security Problems and Measures for IP Cameras in the environment of IoT
Gil-uk Kang(강길욱),Sang-Hoon Han(한상훈),Ho Lee(이호) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2019 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.24 No.1
Along with the development of IOT, the number of people using IOT devices has enormously increased and the IOT era has come. Especially, people using the IP cameras among Internet devices have been drastically increasing. It is because the IP cameras are well networked and comparatively cheap compared with CCTVs, and they can also be monitored and controlled in real time through PCs and smart phones for the purposes of general theft prevention and shop surveillance. However, due to the user’s serious lack of security awareness and the fact that anyone can easily hack only with simple hacking tools and hacking sites information, security crimes that exploit those have been increasing as well. Therefore, this paper describes how easily the IP cameras can be hacked in the era of IOT, what kind of security incidents occurred, and also suggests possible government measures and new technical solutions to those problems.
Occupational asthma caused by inhalation of bovine serum albumin powder
Gil-Soon Choi,Joo-Hee Kim,Haet-Nim Lee,Jun-Mo Sung,Jin-Woo Lee,Hae-Sim Park 대한천식알레르기학회 2009 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.1 No.1
Bovine serum albumin (BSA), which is present in bovine plasma, is one of the major allergens affecting patients with food allergies induced by milk and meat. It is also commonly used in research laboratories. Although some reports have documented food allergies associated with BSA, BSA-induced occupational asthma has not been reported. We report a case of occupational asthma and rhinitis in a laboratory worker caused by the inhalation of BSA powder, in which an IgE-mediated response was suggested as the pathogenic mechanism.
Noninformative priors for linear function of parameters in the lognormal distribution
Lee, Woo Dong,Kim, Dal Ho,Kang, Sang Gil The Korean Data and Information Science Society 2016 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.27 No.4
This paper considers the noninformative priors for the linear function of parameters in the lognormal distribution. The lognormal distribution is applied in the various areas, such as occupational health research, environmental science, monetary units, etc. The linear function of parameters in the lognormal distribution includes the expectation, median and mode of the lognormal distribution. Thus we derive the probability matching priors and the reference priors for the linear function of parameters. Then we reveal that the derived reference priors do not satisfy a first order matching criterion. Under the general priors including the derived noninformative priors, we check the proper condition of the posterior distribution. Some numerical study under the developed priors is performed and real examples are illustrated.
Sung-Gyu Lee,Shin Hwang,Tae Yong Ha,Gi Won Song,Dong-Hwan Jung,Gil-Chun Park,Chul-Soo Ahn,Deok-Bog Moon,Ki Hun Kim,Young-In Yoon,Yo Han Park,Hui-Dong Cho,Yong-Kyu Chung,Sang-Hyun Kang,Jin-Uk Choi,Sung 대한이식학회 2019 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.33 No.4
Background: Autologous portal vein Y-graft (PYG) interposition has been the standard procedure for reconstruction of double portal vein (PV) orifices of right liver grafts during living donor liver transplantations. However, it has the disadvantage of being vulnerable to anastomotic stenosis. A refined technique of conjoined unification venoplasty (CUV) was developed to secure PV reconstruction. Methods: We reviewed the surgical outcomes in PV reconstructions using CUVs in 21 cases which were followed up for >3 years. Results: The mean age of recipients was 51.7±4.9 years. The model for end-stage liver disease score was 15.3±6.4. The graft-recipient weight ratio was 1.12±0.21. Recipient PYGs were harvested in all cases. All living donors were blood relatives or relatives through marriage with type III PV anomalies. The number of right liver graft PV orifices was two in 19 cases and three in two cases. For the central intervening vein patch, a PV segment was used in six cases, and an autologous greater saphenous vein patch was used in the remaining 15 cases. The 21 patient cohort displayed a 100% 4-year patient survival rate. None of them underwent any PV interventions including interventional stenting. Serial follow-up computed tomography scans revealed that the reconstructed PV showed early reshaping with a stable streamlined configuration for over 3 years. Conclusions: PV reconstruction using the CUV technique appears to be significantly more effective in preventing PV complications. We believe that CUV is a useful technique to reconstruct right liver grafts with multiple PV orifices.