직장암 환자의 술 전 병기 결정에 있어서 전산화 단층 촬영의 의의

신용덕,백승언,신연명,오경승 대한대장항문학회 1995 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.11 No.3

VCR(VIDEO CASSETTE RECORDER) REMOCON 디자인에 관한 연구

成治憲,金德男 三陟大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.28 No.2

We are received a comfortable and convenience from a lot of domestic electric machinery and tools in our environment, and also development velocity is progressing dizzily through the electronic technology development. Therefore we can't deny our actuality that tools are became more milti-function and high intelligent, people are received more burden in the intellectual capability. These problems source are found that was not considered men's capability on the design man-machine system. remocon, remote controller is used as a tool of communication between man and machine, have many function button to control become multi function, intelligent VTR, and user have to learn meaning of all function keys and to be helped a manual for easily control because function keys most of them have allocated two or three function. So, in this paper we tied to design of LCD touch-screen type Remocon to solve these problem as a kind of solving method, remocon in controlled and confinced by user with the Icon-well defined function and well allocated sequence information-Manual well show control way on a screen.

Candida parapsilosis 돌연변이주에 의한 Xylitol 생산의 배지조건 최적화

오덕근,윤상현,김정민,김상용,김정회 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 돌연변이주를 사용하여 xylitol 생산에 영향을 주는 배지성분의 최적화를 수행하였다. Xylose 50 g/l 배지에서 여러 가지 질소원이 xylitol 생산에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과 xylitol 생산에는 무기질소원으로는 (NH_4)_2SO_4가 좋았으며 유기질소원으로는 yeast extract가 가장 좋았다. 무기염으로 KH_2PO_4 ad MgSO_4·7H_2O를 선정하여 최적화를 수행하였고 그 결과 최적배지로 xylose of 50 g/l, yeast extract of 5 g/l, (NH_4)_2SO_4 of 5 g/l, KH_2PO_4 of 5 g/l, MgSO_4·7H_2O of 0.2 g/l로 결정하였다. 최적배지를 사용하여 발효조에서 64시간 배양하였을 때 xylose는 모두 소모되었으며 최종 균체농도와 xylitol 생산량은 각각 7.6 g/l와 37 g/l을 얻었다. 이때, xylose로 부터 xylitol의 전환수율 74%이었고, xylitol의 생산성은 0.58 g/l-hr이었다. 최적배지에서 총 첨가된 xylose에 대한 xylitol의 생산수율 80.7%에 해당되었고 xylitol의 생산성은 0.94g/l-hr에 해당되었다. Medium optimization for xylitol production from xylose by Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 mutant was performed. Effect of various nitrogen sources on xylitol production was investigatied. Of inorganic nitrogenous compounds, ammonium sulfate was effective for xylitol production and yeast extract was the most suitable orangic nitrogen nutrient for enhancement of xylitol production. Effect of inorganic salts such as KH_2PO_4 ad MgSO_4·7H_2O on xylitol production was also studied. Optimal medium was selected as xylose of 50 g/l, yeast extract of 5 g/l, (NH_4)_2SO_4 of 5 g/l, KH_2PO_4 of 5 g/l, MgSO_4·7H_2O of 0.2 g/l. In a fermentor by using the optimal medium, a final xylitol concentration of 37 g/l could be obtained from 50 g/l of xylose with a xylitol yield of 74% and a xylitol productivity of 0.58 g/l-hr. At 300 g/l xylose, fermentation was also carried out and then a final xylitol concentration of 242 g/l was obtained at 272 hours. It was corresponding to xylitol yield of 80.7% and xylitol productivity of 0.58 g/l-hr.

Hartmann-Shack 파면 수차계를 이용한 눈의 고위수차 측정

이상덕 김천대학교 2010 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.31 No.-

The study measured ocular higher-order aberrations in the range of pupil diameter 6mm and 4mm with Hartmann-Shack wavefront aberrometer. In RMS of ocular high-order aberrations in the range of pupil diameter 6mm, it was measured that Trefoil aberration was 0.183 m, Coma aberration 0.170um, Tetrafoil aberration 0.074jum, 2nd Astigmatism aberration 0.0654m and Spherical aberration 0.1134m. It was measured that 3rd and 4th aberration were 0.2594m, 0.164_m respectively and total HOA was 0.332 m. Total RMS of ocular higher-order aberrations in 6mm was 3.39 times as much as that of 4mm. Aberration between 4mm and 6mm occupied 70% of the total 6mm range. Especially, Spherical aberration had the largest difference as 4.35 times and the aberra-tion within that range occupied 77%. Therefore, the study can see that the aberration is influenced most as the pupil becomes bigger and bigger. In correlation analysis among each aberration in the range of 6mm, Coma aberration had a significant correlation with all aberrations such as Trefoil, Tetrafoil, 2nd Astigmatism and Spherical. In addition, Spherical and Trefoil, Spherical and 2nd Astigmatism, Trefoil and Tetrafoil, Tetrafoil and 2nd Astigmatism had significant corre- lations respectively. The study found that 3rd aberration and 4th aberration also had a significant correlation.

눈의 굴절이상과 고위수차의 상관관계 : The correlations of ocular refractive error and higher-order aberrations were exam- ined

이상덕 ; 김진숙 김천대학교 2012 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

The correlations of ocular refractive error and higher-order aberrations were exam- ined. The measurement of refractive error and higher-order aberration used KR-9000PW. the wavefront aberrometer with Hartmann-Shack method, and the 44 subjects (88 eyes) with S.E. value of 0.00D to -9.04D were considered for analysis. As the result of Pearson correlation analysis for S.E. and higher-order aberration RMS, Coma aberration showed a significant correlation (r=0.251, p<0.05) with S.E., but Trefoil aberration, Tetrafoil aberration, Spherical aberration, 2nd Astigmatism and such showed no significant correlation with S.E. Also, the 3rd aberration including Trefoil aberration and Coma aberration showed a significant correlation with S.E. (r=0.244, p<0.05), but 4ch aberration and total higher-order aberration showed no significant correlation with S.E. The cylinder refractive error had no significant correlation with all higher order aberrations. In comparison to higher-order aberration RMS value, the group with S.E. below -1.00D the high myopia group over -6.00D, only the total higher-order aberration and 3rd aberration RMS showed a significant difference (p<0.05), and all other aberrations showed no significant difference in the RVS value between the two groups. Only Coma aberration and Zernike Polynomials 3rd order aberration RMS showed a statistically significantly low correlation with S.E., and cylinder refractive error (C) showed no significant correlation with all higher-order aberrations. In comparison to the group with S.E. below -1.00D and the group over -6.00D, only the total higher-order aber-ration and 3rd aberration RMS showed a significant difference between the two groups.

금관총 피장자의 성격 재고

윤상덕 한국고고미술연구소 2016 고고학지 Vol.22 No.-

금관총은 한반도에서 처음으로 금관이 발견된 무덤이나 단 4일 만에 비전문가에 의해 수습되어 많은 아쉬움을 남겼다. 이에 국립중앙박물관에서는 2015년에 발굴을 하였고 적석 및 목곽 내부 구조와 규모를 확인하였다. 아울러 ‘이사지왕도(尒斯智王刀)’라는 명문이 있는 대도 파편을 발견하여 큰 주목을 받았다. 그러나 1921년의 조사 상황이 정확하게 기록되지 않아 피장자에 대해 오히려 많은 논란이 생겼다. 여기서는 이를 해결하기 위해 금관총의 봉분 규모로 피장자의 지위를 추정한 뒤, 통계기법을 활용하여 성별을 판별하여 피장자의 성격을 추정하였다. 금관총에서는 호석이 발견되지 않았지만 발굴된 다른 적석목곽분의 호석과 적석부 길이의 관계를 바탕으로 금관총 호석의 장축길이를 45m로 추정하였다. 이를 봉분외형을 통한 연구 결과와 비교하여 규모 3군에 속하며 마립간(왕)의 무덤이라고 볼 수 없다고 판단하였다. 피장자의 성별은 금관총의 피장자와 ‘이사지왕’의 관계를 규명하는데 핵심적인 부분이다. 조선총독부에서 발간한 금관총보고서에 태환이식을 착장한 것으로 기록되어 많은 연구자들이 여성으로 보아 왔으나, 필자는 금관총의 대관 부속장식이 세환수식인 점에 주목하여 태환이식의 착장을 신뢰하기 어렵다고 보았다. 따라서 이식을 제외하고 성별문제를 검토하는 방법을 취했다. 즉 신라전기의 주요 무덤 71기에 대해 성별을 나타내는 부장품-대관, 수식, 모관, 경식, 대도(착장), 갑주, 철촉, 대도(부장), 철모, 마구의 출토양상을 정리하였고, 통계기법(로지스틱 회귀분석)을 활용하여 종합적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 금관총의 피장자는 남성(세환이식 착장)으로 추정하는 것이 통계적으로 적합하였다. 아울러 ‘이사지왕’이 새겨진 대도의 출토양상으로 보아 ‘이사지왕’은 바로 금관총의 피장자와 동일인물이라고 추정하였다. 봉분의 규모로 보아 금관총은 마립간의 능이 아니므로 ‘이사지왕’은 마립간 중에 한 명이라고 보기 어렵다. 결국 ‘이사지왕’은 냉수리비에 나오는 ‘칠왕’과 같은 6부의 최고위층에 속하는 인물로 추정할 수 있으며, 구체적으로 봉황대의 배총일 가능성을 고려하여 마립간과 인척관계에 있는 훼부와 사훼부 출신의 간지급 지위의 인물로 추정하였다. Geumgwanchong Tomb is the tomb where the gold crown was first discovered in Korea; regrettably, however, the tomb was excavated by non-professionals, and the excavation was finished in just four days. In 2015, the National Museum of Korea re-excavated the tomb to understand its structure and retrieved the fragments of a sword with the Chinese inscription Isajiwangdo (King Isaji’s Sword). But this gave rise to major controversies concerning the buried; thus necessitating a reconsideration of the character of the buried. First, this writer estimated the scale of Geumgwanchong Tomb and found that only the stone mound remained but not the retaining stone slabs; therefore, compared with the other wooden chamber tombs with stone mound, the major axis of the slabs of Geumgwanchong Tomb is estimated to be 45 meters long. Based on existing research, the scale of the tomb cannot be that of Maripgan (Silla king). The gender of the buried is a crucial factor in determining the relationship between the buried at Geumgwanchong Tomb and King Isaji. According to a past report made by the Japanese Government-General of Korea, Earrings with Thick Hollow Rings symbolizing women were worn on the body, but this writer found it non-trustworthy and consequently reexamined the gender issue excluding the earrings. In other words, this writer analyzed the condition of excavated funerary objects representing gender, except ear ornament, found in 71 major tombs from the same period using logistic regression analysis: Headgear, Pendant Ornament, Crown, Necklaces, Sword (worn), Armor and Helmet, Iron Arrowhead, Sword (buried), Iron Spear, and Horse Riding Gear. As a result, it is statistically suitable to estimate that the buried of Geumgwanchong Tomb was dressed with Earrings with Thin Hollow Rings that belonged to men. From the excavation of the Sword inscribed with “King Isaji’s Sword,” the buried at Geumgwanchong Tomb is estimated to be none other than King Isaji himself. The scale of the tomb is hardly that of the tomb of a Silla King; thus, King Isaji cannot be a king of the Silla Dynasty. Conclusively, King Isaji is estimated to be a top figure of the six bu (political divisions), just like the “Seven Kings” mentioned in the Silla Monument in Naengsu-ri, Pohang. Specifically, considering the subordinate relationship with the nearby Bonghwangdae Tomb, this writer estimates that the buried was a person of Hwe bu and Sahwe bu related to the king with Ganji-rank as political status.

원자로 Stud Bolt 의 결함검출을 위한 초음파 신호처리 기법개발

오원덕,이준현,최상우,박문호,조윤호 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Bolt failure is a hazard factor for the safety of reactor vessels in nuclear power plants. However, in the practical application of ultrasonic technique for crack detection in stud bolt, the classification of crack signal from the signals reflected from threads in stud bolt is very difficult. In this study, shadow effect technique combined with new signal processing method has been investigated to enhance the detectability of small crack initiated from root of thread in stud bolt. The key idea of new signal processing concept is based on the fact that the shape of waveforms from the threads is uniform since the shape of the threads in a bolt is same. If some cracks exist in the thread, the flaw signals are different from the reference signals. It has shown that the small flaws can be effectively detected by novel ultrasonic technique combined with this new signal processing concept.

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA를 이용한 인삼의 DNA 분석

양덕춘,김무성 한국국제농업개발학회 2002 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

본 연구는 인삼의 종 및 변종간의 유전적 다양성을 식물의 분류학적 연구에 이용하여 품종육성을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 인삼 조직의 DNA를 사용하여 RAPD primer를 선정하고 RAPD양상을 조사하고자 수행되었다. 인삼의 RAPD를 수행함에 있어서 DNA분리에 이용되는 조직의 차이가 PCR이후 DNA band 양상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 조사하고자 포장에서 정상적으로 생육하고 있는 자경종에서 조직별로 시료를 채취한 후 primer를 사용하여 PCR을 수행하여 나타난 band의 양상은 모든 조직에서 동일한 band를 형성하였다. 50개의 서로 다른 10-mer random primer를 이용하여 band가 확실히 나타나는 18개의 primer를 선발하여 자경종, 풍기황숙, 중국삼, 미국삼의 DNA를 사용하여 PCR 증폭을 하였다. 그러한 PCR product를 1.2%의 Agarose gel에 전기영동하여 banding patter에 따라 분석하였다. 이러한 RAPD 결과를 Cluster analysis 방법을 사용하여 similarity index(SI)로서 원연관계를 조사한 결과 자경종과 풍기황숙이 근연관계를 가졌고 중국삼은 자경종과 약간의 차이를 가졌으며 또한 자경종, 풍기황숙, 중국삼은 미국삼과 변이의 차이를 나타냈다. This study was carried out to analyse genetic variability among different ginseng cultivars, and to use it for the basic information on rearing ginseng cultivars. In performing RAPD of ginseng, DNA was extracted from the different tissues of 'Jakyung' growing normally in the field. PCR was performed to check if there is difference among different tissues, resulting in the same banding pattern, Eighteen of 50 different 10-mer UBC primers showing clear bands were selected, and PCR amplification was performed using DNA extracted from ginseng cultivars, Jakyung, Punggi Hwangsuk, China, and America. The PCR product amplified was analysed according to banding patter after electrophoresis in 1.2% agarose gel. Genetic difference based on RAPD result was investigated by similarity index (SI) of Cluster analysis. As a result, Jakyung and Punggi Hwangsuk had close relationship, whereas Chinese ginseng differed a little from Jakyung. Jakyung, Punggi Hwangsuk, and Chinese ginseng showed genetic difference from America ginseng.

실버소비자의 스포츠·레저용품 구매행동에 관한 연구

김성훈,최덕환 한국학교체육학회 2003 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 실버소비자들의 스포츠 레저 용품에 관련한 인식과 태도, 구매행동을 조사하고 이를 계층별로 나누어 분석하므로써 기초적인 마케팅 자료를 제시하는 것이다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 서울특별시에 거주하고 있는 55세 이상의 실버소비자들을 전집으로 하여 뉴 실버집단(55-64세) 230명과 실버집단(65세이상) 132명을 표집하여 실버소비자의 스포츠 ?레저용품 인식과 태도, 구매행동을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다 첫째, 실버계층에 따른 실버소비자의 스포츠·레저용품 인식과 태도는 관심도, 소유욕, 부의 상징, 가격과 품질, 상표간 품질차이 인식도에서 모두 뉴 실버집단이 실버집단보다 높게 나타났으며 통계적으로도 현저한 차이로 유의하게 나타났다. 둘째, 실버계층에 따른 실버소비자의 스포츠·레저용품 구매행동은 최근 1년 간 스포츠·레저용품 구매여부는 뉴 실버가 많았으며 구매현황은 뉴 실버 집단은 스포츠의류, 레저용품 순으로 나타났으며 실버집단은 스포츠의류, 신발류 순으로 유의한 차이로 나타났다. 주요구매결정요인은 가격, 디자인/색상, 제조회사/상표에서 뉴 실버집단이 현저하게 유의한 차이로 나타났다. 스포츠 레저용품 최종 구매결정요인은 두 집단 모두 실용성/편리함을 주요 요인으로 삼았고 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 구매장소는 뉴 실버집단이 전문스포츠매장과 상설할인 매장, 실버집단은 동네상점과 종합시장에서 주로 구매하며 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 구매 만족도는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 불만족요인은 뉴 실버집단은 품질과 가격, 실버집단은 실용성/편리함과 품질을 불만족 요인으로 지적하였고 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 이상과 같이 실버소비자와 뉴 실버소비자를 단지 하나의 실버시장으로 보는 것보다는 세분화할 필요성이 발견되었고 다각적인 실버계층의 스포츠 소비행태에 대한 지속적인 연구가 모색되어져야 할 것이며 특히, 뉴 실버소비자층을 별도의 표적시장으로 삼아 접근해야 할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to examine silver consumers' perception of sporting and leisure goods, their attitude to the same and purchase behavior by lass in a bid to be of use for more successful marketing strategy. The subjects in this study were 362 people selected from among the eldery over 55 who resided in Seoul. Out of them, 230 people aged from 55 to 64 were called here the new silver group and 132 over 65 were called the silver group. A survey was conducted to find out their awareness of sporting and leisure goods, their attitude and purchase behavior. The instrument used in this study was 15-item questionnaire covering silver consumers' perception of sporting and leisure goods, their attitude and purchase behavior. As the subjects were old people who had relatively poor cognitive ability, self-administration method and interview were employed together. The collected data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and χ²test. As a result of analyzing the intervariable relationship, the fallowing findings were acquired: First, the new silver group had more perception of sporting and leisure goods and more active attitude, compared to the silver group. The difference between the two was significant. Second, for the past year, the new silver group purchased more sporting and leisure goods. There appeared a significant gap between the two group in purchase state, primary buying-decision factor. final buying-decision factor, purchase place and dissatisfaction factor. The purchase satisfaction level didn't vary significantly.

동일한 국제예후지표(International Prognostic Index)를 나타내는 미만성 대형 B-세포 림프종에서 Bcl-2와 p16의 임상적 중요성

박상은,박수진,곽승근,박남숙,천재민,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용,김진만 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

In Korea, malignant lymphoma is a common cancer, comprising about 2.7% of all malignant neoplasm. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is the most common lymphoma, representing about 50% of all Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is usually considered as heterogeneous group of neoplasms rather than a single clinicopathological entity. Clinical prognostic systems, including the International Prognostic Index (IPI), although useful to assess overall prognosis, embrace patients with heterogeneous prognoses. But International Prognostic Index scoring system is not sufficiently predict the prognosis. It is likely that the prognostic assessment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphomamight be improved by using biological features. Bcl-2 protein and p16 protein expression is recognized as useful biologic markers predicting the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. To determine the clinical significance and prognostic value of bcl-2 and p16 proteins expression patterns, we studied 18 patients with de novo DLBL, whose archival pathology specimen were available for immunohistochemistry studies, atChungnam National University Hospital from September 1992 to December 2000. Archival specimens from each patient were immunostained with respective antibodies for bcl-2, p16. The results are as follows; 1) The median age was 54(rage : 37-69). There were 12 male patients(66.7%) and 6 female patients(33.3%) The 'B' symptom was abscentin all patients. The stages were as follows : Ⅰ, 2 patient(11.1%), Ⅱ, 10 patient(55.6%), Ⅲ, 4patient(22.2%) and Ⅳ, 2patient(11.1%). 3 patients(16.8%) had the elevated LDH level, 14 patients(77.8%) had the normal LDH level and 1 patients(5.6%) was not identified the LDH level. 2 patients(11.1%) had the bulky disease and 16 patients(88.7%) had no bulky diease. The distribution of ECOG status were O, 2 patients(11.1%c), 1, 14patients(77.8%) and 2, 2patients(11.1%). 2) Theimmunohistochemistry results are as follows bcl-2:+,10 patients(55.6%), bcl-2:-, 8patinets(44.4%), p16:+,3 patients(16.7%), p16:-, 15patients(83.3%) 3) After a median follow UP durations of 67 months, the median survival time was 57 months with a rage of 7-100+ months. 5-years overall survival rates was 44% by Kaplan-Meier method. 4) Reduced overall survival was demonstrated in the patients who expressed bcl-2 protein(P=0.0174). 5-year overall survivial rate was 12%(bcl-2 expression) versus 88%(no bcl-2 expression) 5) Among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients with IPI score 0-1, reduced overall survival was demonstrated with bcl-2 expression(P=0.023). 5-year overall survival rate was 18%(bcl-2 expression group) versus 100%(no bcl-2 expressiongroup) 6) Median survival durtation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients negative for p16 expression was 57 months whereas p16 postive patients' median survival duration was not reached(P=0.4478). In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients with identical IPI scores, bcl-2 expression had additional prognostic value.