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Sandy E. Benitez-Garcia,Isao Kanda,Yukiyo Okazaki,Shinji Wakamatsu,Roberto Basaldud,Nobuji Horikoshi,Jose A. Ortinez,Victor R. Ramos-Benitez,Beatriz Cardenas 한국대기환경학회 2015 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.9 No.2
In the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA), ozone (O3) concentration is still higher than in other urban areas in developed countries. In order to reveal the current state of photochemical air pollution and to provide data for validation of chemical transport models, vertical profiles of meteorological parameters and ozone concentrations were measured by ozonesonde in two field campaigns: the first one, during the change of season from wet to dry-cold (November 2011) and the second during the drywarm season (March 2012). Unlike previous similar field campaigns, ozonesonde was launched twice daily. The observation data were used to analyze the production and distribution of ozone in the convective boundary layer. The observation days covered a wide range of meteorological conditions, and various profiles were obtained. The evolution of the mixing layer (ML) height was analyzed, revealing that ML evolution was faster during daytime in March 2012 than in November 2011. On a day in November 2011, the early-morning strong wind and the resulting vertical mixing was observed to have brought the high-ozone-concentration air-mass to the ground and caused relatively high surface ozone concentration in the morning. The amount of produced ozone in the MCMA was estimated by taking the difference between the two profiles on each day. In addition to the well-known positive correlation between daily maximum temperature and ozone production, effect of the ML height and wind stagnation was identified for a day in March 2012 when the maximum ground-level ozone concentration was observed during the two field campaigns. The relatively low ventilation coefficient in the morning and the relatively high value in the afternoon on this day implied efficient accumulation of the O3 precursors and rapid production of O3 in the ML.
Model Structuring of Taiwan’s Community Policing
Sandy Yeh,Charles Chang,Jeff Martin,Leo Chiou,Yuang-Sung Chang 아시아경찰학회 2007 아시아경찰학회 국제학술회의 Vol.2007 No.-
This study is sponsored by National Police Agency, Taiwan from December 29, 2006 to July 15, 2007. The purpose of this study explores the factors of the successful community model and tries to establish a model structuring that other communities can learn. On this paper, the SWOT analysis of community environment is introduced first. Second, the SARA analysis of community problems is addressed. Third, the key elements to promote community policing in Taiwan is presented. The last section is the conclusion.
Indonesia in the BIMP-EAGA: Assessing Connectivity Development in Reducing Inequality
( Sandy Nur Ikfal Raharjo ),( Tri Nuke Pudjiastuti ) 부산외국어대학교 아세안연구원 2024 Suvannabhumi Vol.16 No.1
With the enactment of international free trade and economic agreements and cooperation, BIMP-EAGA is an opportunity to accelerate development and economic growth in eastern Indonesia. This subregional cooperation could be used to reduce the development gap or inequality between the western and eastern regions, which are geographically, demographically, and economically different. This cooperation also may accelerate development in the border area. This study analyzes Indonesia's policies related to connectivity in BIMP-EAGA subregional cooperation and its implementation. The study results show that the National Secretariat of Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation has encouraged cooperation clusters ranging from natural resources, transportation, infrastructure, ICT, and tourism to MSMEs. In terms of connectivity, Indonesia is also involved in the development program of three economic corridors, namely West Borneo, East Borneo, and Sulu-Sulawesi. Indonesia's involvement in the three corridors has boosted the connectivity of Indonesia's territory, especially border areas, with neighboring countries. Connectivity has covered not only physical but also institutional and people-to-people dimensions. However, there are still several challenges, ranging from the standardization of the Customs, Immigration, and Quarantine (CIQ) mechanisms, improvement of institutional quality, and consistent strong political will among the involved parties. In addition, considering the vulnerability of the BIMP subregion to transnational crimes and acts of radical terrorism, BIMP-EAGA needs to think about solutions to overcome these cross-border security problems so that the momentum of development in the subregion may be sustained.
McClintock, Sandy 한국축산학회 1981 한국축산학회지 Vol.23 No.5
호주에는 19세기以後 Hereford種, Angus種, Shorthorn種 등 英國 品種의 肉牛가 導入되어 왔으며 이들 品種은 현재에도 호주의 온대지방에서 가장 重要한 品種으로 되어 있다. 1959年 生牛의 導入에 대한 완전금지조치가 내려지기 前이 1933年, 1946年 및 1954年에 Brahman種이 도입되었고 1952年에는 Santa Gertrudis種과 Africander種, 1956年에는 Red Sindi種과 Sahiwa種이 導入되었다. 호주에서 育成된 品種으로는 Australian Illawarra Shorthorn種, Australian Milking Zebu種, Belmont Red種, Beefmaker種, Braford種, Brangus種, Droughtmaster種, Murray Gray 및 Tasmanian Gray種 등이 있다. 호주 肉牛의 改良을 위하여는 生後 365日 또는 550日까지의 成長率등에 대한 選拔을 실시하고 있으며, 호주의 Armidale에는 전자계산쎈터가 설치되어 있는데, 여기서는 18個 牛肉品種協會의 자료와 기타 능력조사자료에 대한 통계분석을 실시하고 있다. 인공수정용 種牡牛에 대하여는 난산율, 100日齡 本種, 365日齡 本種 등에 대한 자료에 근거하여 肉種價를 계산하고 있다.
Dubaele, Sandy,Martin, Christophe,Bohn, Jacqueline,Chene, Patrick Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.1
Helicases are ubiquitous enzymes, which utilize the energy liberated during nucleotide triphosphate hydrolysis to separate double-stranded nucleic acids into single strands. These enzymes are very attractive targets for the development of new antibacterial compounds. The PcrA DNA helicase from Staphylococcus aureus is a good candidate for drug discovery. This enzyme is unique in the genome of S. aureus and essential for this bacterium. Furthermore, it has recently been published that it is possible to identify inhibitors of DNA helicases such as PcrA. In this report, we study the properties of recombinant PcrA from S. aureus purified from Escherichia coli to develop ATPase and helicase assays to screen for inhibitors.
Blin, Sandy,Ben Soussia, Ismail,Kim, Eun-Jin,Brau, Fré,dé,é,ric,Kang, Dawon,Lesage, Florian,Bichet, Delphine National Academy of Sciences 2016 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.113 No.15
<P>The tandem of pore domain in a weak inwardly rectifying K+ channel (Twik)-related acid-arachidonic activated K+ channel (TRAAK) and Twik-related K+ channels (TREK) 1 and TREK2 are active as homodimers gated by stretch, fatty acids, pH, and G protein-coupled receptors. These two-pore domain potassium (K-2P) channels are broadly expressed in the nervous system where they control excitability. TREK/TRAAK KO mice display altered phenotypes related to nociception, neuroprotection afforded by polyunsaturated fatty acids, learning and memory, mood control, and sensitivity to general anesthetics. These channels have emerged as promising targets for the development of new classes of anesthetics, analgesics, antidepressants, neuroprotective agents, and drugs against addiction. Here, we show that the TREK1, TREK2, and TRAAK subunits assemble and form active heterodimeric channels with electrophysiological, regulatory, and pharmacological properties different from those of homodimeric channels. Heteromerization occurs between all TREK variants produced by alternative splicing and alternative translation initiation. These results unveil a previously unexpected diversity of K-2P channels that will be challenging to analyze in vivo, but which opens new perspectives for the development of clinically relevant drugs.</P>