Fidelity of Hymenoptera and Diptera pollinators in onion (Allium cepa L.) pollination

Shafqat SAEED,Asif SAJJAD1,권오석,권용정 한국곤충학회 2008 Entomological Research Vol.38 No.4

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is protandrous in nature and requires cross-pollination to avoid inbreeding. The pollination potential of native bees (Hymenoptera) and true flies (Diptera) was assessed in the perspective of finding the best pollinators for onion cross-pollination and seed multiplication. The community of pollinators was composed of four bee species and twelve true fly species. Episyrphus balteatus, Eupeodes sp.,Musca domestica and Eristalinus aeneus were the most abundant pollinators. The maximum pollinator activity was observed from 12 to 24 days after opening of the flowers. The pollination effectiveness of tested bees (Apis dorsata and Apis florea) was greater than true flies (E. balteatus, Eupeodes sp., M. domestica, E. aeneus and Callihoridae sp.) in terms of Spears values.

A Case Report of Prolonged Hemorrhage Following Traditional Phlebotomy (Fasd)

Sadeghi Sajjad,Sadeghi Sajjad 대한약침학회 2024 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.27 No.1

Phlebotomy, a therapeutic method of bloodletting typically performed using a needle, has a traditional technique known as “Fasd.” In this method, blood is extracted by creating a longitudinal incision on a vein (3-5 mm) with a surgical scalpel blade, usually blade No. 11. Due to the incision in the vessel wall, establishing hemostasis is more challenging compared to conventional methods. Hemostasis is usually achieved within minutes after Fasd. We present a case highlighting an uncommon yet significant complication of traditional phlebotomy. A 55-year-old man with no prior medical conditions underwent traditional phlebotomy at an academic traditional medicine clinic. Senior MD-PhD students in Iranian Traditional Medicine, under professor supervision, performed Fasd. A sterile scalpel blade No. 11 was used to create a longitudinal incision of approximately 4 mm on the patient’s median basilic vein in the right hand. After removing 400 cc of blood, a pressure dressing was applied to the incision site. Despite attempts such as hand elevation, ice pack application, prolonged direct pressure, and tight elastic bandaging, bleeding from the incision persisted. After an hour of supportive therapy, hemostasis was eventually achieved within a few minutes using burnt cotton dressing (a traditional method for blood hemostasis). Following intravenous hydration, the patient was discharged in stable condition and reported no issues during the one-month follow-up. The traditional phlebotomy (Fasd) carries the risk of serious complications, including uncontrolled and prolonged bleeding. Further research on the efficacy and safety of burnt cotton dressing for controlling hemostasis is recommended.

EBCO - Efficient Boundary Detection and Tracking Continuous Objects in WSNs

( Sajjad Hussain Chauhdary ),( Jeongjoon Lee ),( Sayed Chhattan Shah ),( Myong-soon Park ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2012 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.6 No.11

Recent research in MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) and wireless communication has enabled tracking of continuous objects, including fires, nuclear explosions and bio-chemical material diffusions. This paper proposes an energy-efficient scheme that detects and tracks different dynamic shapes of a continuous object (i.e., the inner and outer boundaries of a continuous object). EBCO (Efficient Boundary detection and tracking of Continuous Objects in WSNs) exploits the sensing capabilities of sensor nodes by automatically adjusting the sensing range to be either a boundary sensor node or not, instead of communicating to its neighboring sensor nodes because radio communication consumes more energy than adjusting the sensing range. The proposed scheme not only increases the tracking accuracy by choosing the bordering boundary sensor nodes on the phenomenon edge, but it also minimizes the power consumption by having little communication among sensor nodes. The simulation result shows that our proposed scheme minimizes the energy consumption and achieves more precise tracking results than existing approaches.

A Novel Voltage Source Inverter with Reduced Number of Switches Using Simple Commutation

Sajjad H. Rafin,Thomas A. Lipo,Byung-il Kwon(권병일) 대한전기학회 2013 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.7

Plant Leave as an Indicator for Pollution by Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals in Al-Zubair City, Southern Iraq

Sajjad W. Jaafar,Sattar J.Al.Khafaji 대한자원환경지질학회 2023 자원환경지질 Vol.56 No.1

The potential sources and spatial distribution of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the leaf plants of Al-Zubair city. A total of 14 samples of conocarpus lancifolius plant leaf were collected and analyzed for their heavy metals and PAHs content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and a 7890 Agilent capillary gas chromatograph (GC) respectively. Bioaccumulation factor calculation revealed the highest pollution of heavy metals , due to the activity of a petrochemical in the area. The diagnostic ratio of Ant/(Phe+Ant), BaA/BaA+Chr), In/(In+BghiP), Flu/Pyr, FlA/FlA+Pyr), ΣLMW/ΣHMW are commonly used for determining the origin and source of PAHs in various environmental media. The diagnostic ratio indicated the anthropogenic origin. PAHs with five-to-six membered rings were dominant in the plant leaf, which likely results from anthropogenic activities. The leaves of C. lancifolius have a preponderance of high molecular weight PAHs compared to low molecular weight PAHs, indicating a combustion origin (car exhaust, petroleum emissions, and fossil fuel). C. lancifolius leaves are a reliable indication of atmospheric PAHs absorption. The background level of heavy metals in the city (or the near environment) is in the order of Fe > Cu > Ni > Cr. On the other hand, the bioaccumulation in plant leaves showed greater tendencies as follows: Co>Cd>Zn=As>Cu>Mn>Ni>Pb>Cr>Fe. Cobalt showed high bioaccumulation, indicating strong uptake of Co by plant leaves. These findings point to human activity and car emissions as the primary sources of roadside vegetation pollution in Al-Zubair city.

A Novel SCR-IGBT Based Dual Bridge Matrix Converter With Reduced Number of Switches Using Simple Commutation

Sajjad H. Rafin(라핀사짯),Thomas A. Lipo(토마스 안토니오 리포),Byung-il Kwon(권병일) 대한전기학회 2013 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.4

Differential proteomic analyses of green microalga <i>Ettlia</i> sp. at various dehydration levels

Sajjad, Saba,Ha, Ji-San,Seo, Seong-Hyun,Yoon, Tae-Sung,Oh, Hee-Mock,Lee, Hyung-Gwan,Kang, Sunghyun Elsevier 2020 Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Water deprivation could be a lethal stress for aquatic and aero-terrestrial organisms. <I>Ettlia</I> sp. is a unicellular photosynthetic freshwater microalga. In the present study, proteomic alterations and physiological characteristics of <I>Ettlia</I> sp. were analyzed to comprehend the molecular changes in dehydrated conditions. Varying levels of dehydration were achieved by incubating drained <I>Ettlia</I> sp. in different relative humidity environments for 24 hours. Using a comparative proteomic analysis, 52 differentially expressed protein spots were identified that could be divided into eight functional groups. The PCA analysis of normalized protein expression values demonstrated a clear segregation of protein expression profiles among different dehydration levels. Identified proteins could be grouped into four clusters based on their expression profiles. Proteins relating to photosynthesis comprised the largest group with 25% of the identified proteins that were decreased in dehydrated samples and belonged to cluster I. The photosynthetic activities were measured with rehydrated <I>Ettlia</I> sp. These results revealed that photosynthesis remained inhibited over extended time in response to dehydration. The expressions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger proteins increased in strong dehydration and were assigned to cluster III. Carbon metabolism proteins were suppressed, which might limit energy consumption, whereas glycolysis was activated at mild dehydration. The accumulation of desiccation-associated late embryogenesis proteins might inhibit the aggregation of housekeeping proteins. DNA protective proteins were expressed higher in the dehydrated state, which might reduce DNA damage, and membrane-stabilizing proteins increased in abundance in desiccation. These findings provide an understanding of <I>Ettlia</I>'s adaptation and survival capabilities in a dehydrated state.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Proteomic analyses of <I>Ettlia</I> sp. demonstrated distinct protein expression profiles at the different levels of dehydration. </LI> <LI> Total of 52 differentially expressed proteins were identified and clustered into four groups based on the expression patterns. </LI> <LI> Proteins involved in carbon metabolism and photosynthesis were downregulated under dehydration stress. </LI> <LI> Antioxidants, chaperone and DNA protective proteins accumulated in response to dehydration stress. </LI> <LI> Upon the rehydration, <I>Ettlia</I> sp. showed lower photosynthesis and growth in accordance with the severities of dehydration. </LI> </UL> </P>

Supercritical Flow Simulation at a Right Channel Junction. Comparison between a Uniform and a Sparse Mesh

Sajjad Haider,Hamza Farooq Gabriel,Shaukat Ali Khan 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.7

This technical note studies the supercritical junction flow occurring at the right-angled confluence of four equal-width channels in which two upstream channels carry flow towards the junction. The note seeks to investigate, firstly, the pertinence of a 2D shallow water equation model to reproduce the typical flow structures at the junction. The second objective is to build a computationally efficient model with more resolution applied at critical point i.e. junction and less in areas where the flow is primarily 1D i.e. channels and compare such model, named, ‘sparse’ with a uniformly meshed model regarding solution accuracy and computational efficiency. The results indicate that the sparse model is able to reproduce typical flow structures appearing at the channel junction in an adequate manner. The discharge distribution is fairly well predicted. The jump angles are almost the same in the two models as well as the location and size of the recirculation zones and the flow depth super-elevation areas. However, the two models diverge in the prediction of very small depths in the recirculation zone where the sparse model overestimates the depths. As regards, computational efficiency, the sparse model is found to be 61% more efficient than the uniform mesh model.

Removal of phosphate and suspended solids by electrocoagulation coupled with woven fabric membrane at pilot plant

Sajjad, Muhammad,Aziz, Abdul,Jun, Taehwan,Soo Kim, Kwang Taylor Francis 2016 Desalination and Water Treatment Vol.57 No.16

Evaluation of efforts in untrained Wistar rats following exercise on forced running wheel at maximal lactate steady state

( Sajjad Rezaei ),( Hamid Agha-alinejad ),( Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi ),( Mahvash Jafari ),( Fabricio Azevedo Voltarelli ),( Alireza Naderi ),( Conrad Earnest ) 한국운동영양학회 2017 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.21 No.1

[Purpose] We aimed to examine the effect of running speed on metabolic responses associated with maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in rats during forced running wheel (FRW) exercise. [Methods] Forty male adult Wistar rats were divided into seven groups. The blood lactate threshold and peak running speed were determined for an incremental power test group. Five groups participated in constant power tests at intensities 10, 13, 14.5, 16, and 17.5 m/min to determine MLSS and a non-exercise group was chosen as the control. Animals were euthanized immediately after constant power tests and their corticosterone, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), blood glucose, and creatine kinase (CK) levels analyzed. The differences among groups were identified by one-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05). [Results] Blood lactate threshold corresponded a running intensity of 15 m/min, while MLSS was determined to be 16 m/min. Serum corticosterone concentrations were significantly higher in 14.5, 16, and 17.5 m/ min groups (298.8±62, 338.3±65, and 354±26 nM, respectively) as compared to that in the control group (210.6±16 nM). Concentrations of NEFA observed in groups 13, 14.5, 16, and 17.5 m/min (662.8±24, 702.35±69, 718.4±34, and 752.8±77 μM, respectively) were significantly higher than those in 10 m/min and control groups (511.1±53 and 412.1±56 μM, respectively). The serum CK concentration recorded for group 17.5 m/min (372.4±56 U/ L) was higher than those recorded for other groups. [Conclusion] The speed above 16 m/min on FRW resulted in increased physiological demands and muscle damage in untrained healthy Wistar rats.