Formation Mechanism of warming patterns in the Indian Ocean under future climate change

Sahil Sharma,Kyung-Ja Ha,Ryohei Yamaguchi,Keith B. Rodgers,Axel Timmermann,Eui-Seok Chung 한국기상학회 2023 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.4

Vitamin B12 deficiency in anemic children before versus after age 2 years: a form of hidden hunger in India

Sahil Goel,Ruchika Bhatnagar,Anita Kumari,Brig Prem Lochan Prasad,Lahar Sahai 대한소아청소년과학회 2024 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.67 No.2

Medial Ball and Socket Total Knee Arthroplasty in Indian Population: 5-Year Clinical Results

Sahil Batra,Rajesh Malhotra 대한정형외과학회 2022 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.14 No.1

Background: Medial pivot total knee arthroplasty aims to restore native knee kinematics through highly conforming medial tibiofemoral articulation with survival comparable to contemporary knee designs. The aim of this study was to report preliminary clinical results of medial pivot total knee arthroplasty in an Indian population. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 45 patients (average age, 62 years; 40 women and 5 men) with end-stage arthritis (Kellgren- Lawrence grade 4) operated with a medial pivot prosthesis was done. All patients were assessed using Knee Society Score (satisfaction, expectation, and functional scores) and Oxford Knee Score, and range of motion was recorded at the end of 5-year postoperative follow-up. In addition, all patients underwent standardized radiological assessment. Results: At the final follow-up, patients reported significant improvement in mean Knee Society Score (satisfaction, expectation, and functional scores) and Oxford Knee Score (p < 0.05). The mean range of motion achieved at the end of 5 years ranged from 0° (extension) to 118.4° (further flexion). There was no evidence of loosening or osteolysis at a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Conclusions: These results demonstrated satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes at 5 years after total knee arthroplasty with a medial pivot design, which may be related to better replication of natural knee kinematics with the medial pivot knee and inherent advantages of this design.

Biomarkers of Major Depressive Disorder: Knowing is Half the Battle

Sahil Malik,Ravinder Singh,Govind Arora,Akriti Dangol,Sanjay Goyal 대한정신약물학회 2021 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.1

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous disease which is why there are currently no specific methods to accurately test the severity, endophenotype or therapy response. This lack of progress is partly attributed to the complexity and variability of depression, in association with analytical variability of clinical literature and the wide number of theoretically complex biomarkers. The literature accessible, indicates that markers involved in inflammatory, neurotrophic and metabolic processes and components of neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine systems are rather strong indicators to be considered clinically and can be measured through genetic and epigenetic, transcriptomic and proteomic, metabolomics and neuroimaging assessments. Promising biologic systems/markers found were i.e., growth biomarkers, endocrine markers, oxidant stress markers, proteomic and chronic inflammatory markers, are discussed in this review. Several lines of evidence suggest that a portion of MDD is a dopamine agonist-responsive subtype. This review analyzes concise reports on the pathophysiological biomarkers of MDD and therapeutic reactions via peripheral developmental factors, inflammative cytokines, endocrine factors and metabolic markers. Various literatures also support that endocrine and metabolism changes are associated with MDD. Accumulating evidence suggests that at least a portion of MDD patients show characteristics pathological changes regarding different clinical pathological biomarkers. By this review we sum up all the different biomarkers playing an important role in the detection or treatment of the different patients suffering from MDD. The review also gives an overview of different biomarker’s playing a potential role in modulating effect of MDD.

Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant and In Vivo Analgesic Potential of Terminalia paniculata Aqueous Bark Extract

Sahil Talwar,Pawan G. Nayak,Jayesh Mudgal,Piya Paul,Punit Bansal,Krishnadas Nandakumar 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.12

The Terminalia genus includes plants that are used in a variety of food, nutritional products, and traditional medicines. Aqueous bark extract of Terminalia paniculata (TPW) was screened for its antioxidant and analgesic potential. The major polyphenols were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. In vitro antioxidant potential of TPW was investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,20-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS2 -) radical assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, superoxide scavenging (O2 - ), Fe2 + chelating (O-phenanthroline), and ferric reducing/ antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. We evaluated the effects of TPW on cell viability, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrite, and cytokines (interleukin [IL] 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-a]) in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Evaluation of analgesic activity of TPW was performed using acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate test in mice. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of four polyphenols, namely, gallic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, and quercetin. TPW showed maximum superoxide, ABTS2 - , NO, DPPH inhibition, and Fe2 + -chelating property at 400 lg/mL, respectively. FRAP value was 4.5– 0.25 lg Fe(II)/g. TPW, per se, did not affect RAW264.7 cell viability. In LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, TPW attenuated the elevation in ROS, nitrite, IL-6, and TNF-a levels. TPW (100–400mg/kg, orally) significantly reduced the number of writhes in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control. Similarly, TPW (400mg/kg, orally) evoked a significant increase in the maximum percentage effect in the hot plate test. The study suggests the efficacy of aqueous bark extract of T. paniculata as a potential antioxidant and analgesic agent.

Management of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

( Sahil Khanna ) 대한장연구학회 2021 Intestinal Research Vol.19 No.3

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common diarrheal illness with gastrointestinal and extraintestinal manifestations and complications. The most common infectious complication associated with IBD is Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Active IBD predisposes to CDI due to alterations in the gut microbiome. C. difficile is a toxin producing bacterium leading to worsening of underlying IBD, increasing the risk of IBD treatment failure and an increased risk of hospitalization and surgery. Since the symptoms of CDI overlap with those of an IBD flare; it is prudent to recognize that the diagnosis of CDI is challenging and diagnostic tests (nucleic-acid and toxin-based assays) should be interpreted in context of symptoms and test performance. First line treatments for management of CDI in IBD include vancomycin or fidaxomicin. Recurrence prevention strategies should be implemented to mitigate recurrent CDI risk. One needs to monitor IBD disease progression and manage immunosuppression. The risk of recurrent CDI after a primary infection is higher in IBD compared to non-IBD patients. Microbiota restoration therapies are effective to prevent recurrent CDI in IBD patients. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic testing, outcomes and management of both CDI and IBD, in CDI complicating IBD. (Intest Res 2021;19:265-274)

DHDDS Mutation: A Rare Cause of Refractory Epilepsy and Hyperkinetic Movement Disorder

Sahil Mehta 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2023 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.16 No.1

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies are rare neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by early onset intractable seizures and frequent epileptiform activity on electroencephalogram associated with developmental delay or regression. The advent of next-generation sequencing has paved the way for discovering new genes responsible for these catastrophic epilepsy syndromes.

Future Indian Ocean warming patterns

Sahil Sharma,Kyung-Ja Ha,Ryohei Yamaguchi,Keith B. Rodgers,Axel Timmermann,Eui-Seok Chung 한국기상학회 2022 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.10

Smart Tourism-A Solution for Tourism Challenges in Himachal

Sharma, Sahil Smart Tourism Research Center 2022 Journal of smart tourism Vol.2 No.2

This paper shows light on the concept of smart tourism destination as a future of tourism development, especially in the context of problems associated with developing countries. This study substantiates the case of smart tourism development in mountain destinations as an affordable and needed future of the contemporary era. This conceptual study is based on secondary literature on Smart Cities, Smart Tourism Destinations, and Tourism in Himachal Pradesh. The Indian state of Himachal Pradesh has been considered as a study area to acknowledge major tourism-related challenges, especially in mountain locations. Consequently, the dots are connected between existing challenges and solutions that smart tourism holds. It turns out that for the development of mountain tourism destinations such as Himachal Pradesh in the Indian Himalayas, investments in smart infrastructure are required. By developing smart infrastructure, a new USP can be made, a supportive environment for new local businesses, new employment opportunities, enhanced tourist experience and an overall raised standard of living for locals. Considering all factors, it leads to a highly competitive tourism destination. All tourism destinations located in the Himalayan mountains show somewhat the same tourism challenges as Himachal Pradesh, India. Therefore, this paper brightens the path of destination planners towards the development agenda of smart tourism destinations and shows how smart tourism infrastructure can be deployed for better management of tourism destinations.

Gut microbiome and checkpoint inhibitor colitis

( Kanika Sehgal ),( Sahil Khanna ) 대한장연구학회 2021 Intestinal Research Vol.19 No.4

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies such as ipilimumab, are increasingly being used as a treatment option for a variety of cancers, including metastatic melanoma and have demonstrated effectively a prolonged survival. These agents have an im-munological mode of action that predisposes patients to a number of immune-related adverse events, colitis being one of the most commonly encountered complications. The pathogenesis for the development of colitis is unclear, and there is a growing consensus that the ecosystem of the gastrointestinal microbiota plays a significant role. Based on this suspected connection, studies are being carried out to explore the changes in the microbiota in patients on these medications who develop colitis. Conceivably, the modulation of the gut microbiota could offer a therapeutic benefit. Fecal microbiota transplantation is one therapeutic option that is currently being investigated, though there are still more data needed to evaluate its efficacy. In this review, we recapitulate the mechanisms of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors, their adverse events, with a focus on colitis and the role gut microbiota are suspected to play, and finally discuss the microbiota modulation therapies being investigated. (Intest Res 2021;19:360-364 )