Verbal Suffix-Repetition Constructions in Korean: A Constraint-and Construction-based Approach

( Sae Youn Cho ),( Na Hyun Ku ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2012 언어연구 Vol.29 No.1

Cho, Sae-Youn & Ku Na-Hyun 2012, Verbal Suffix-Repetition Constructions in Korean: A Constraint-and Construction-based Approach. Linguistic Research 29(1), 173-195. There are various Verbal Suffix-Repetition (VSR) constructions in Korean, where suffixes such as-na1 tun(ci)/ tun(ka) are attached to the repeated verbs. Calling the VSR Choice-denying Repeated Verbs construction, Lee (2011) claims that the following verb of the VSR, which can he replaced with ma!-, should contain a negative but the preceding verb should be affirmative in the VSR construction which disallows any NPI within it. Unlike Lee (2011), we claim that the verbs in the VSR can freely occur either in the preceding position or in the following one regardless of their Neg value so long as they share the same verbal suffix forms such as -tun(ka). Furthermore, NPIs may occur within the VSR construction if they occur with a negative predicate within the same clause. To implement the findings above into HPSG, we have proposed the two lexical entries for mal-, the VSR Construction Rule, and the NPI Clause-mate Constraint. These tools enable us to account for the idiosyncratic properties of the VSR constructions under this constraint- and construction-based approach.

인공방광대치술을 받은 환자에서의 대사 산증 발생

김새인,이동현,김광현,류동열,김승정,강덕희,최규복,이신아 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2015 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.38 No.3

Objectives: Metabolic acidosis frequently develops in patients after neobladder reconstruction. However, the incidence of metabolic acidosis in patients with neobladder and the factors associated with the development of metabolic acidosis have not been well elucidated. We aimed to investigate the incidence and the potential predictors for the development of metabolic acidosis after neobladder reconstruction with intestinal segment. Methods: We included patients who underwent neobladder reconstruction using intestinal segment at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2014. A subgroup of patients according to the time of metabolic acidosis occurrence was further analyzed in order to characterize predictors for metabolic acidosis. Results: Metabolic acidosis was encountered in 79.4% of patients with neobladder during follow up period. When patients were divided into 2 groups according to anion gap (AG), total CO2 (18.9±2.1 mEq/L vs. 20.0±1.3 mEq/L, P=0.001) and chloride (106.6±4.9 mE/L vs. 109.4±3.6 mEq/L, P<0.001) were significant different between groups with AG>12 and AG≤12. Furthermore, when patients were divided into 3 groups; patients with metabolic acidosis at postoperative day (POD) 1; from POD 2 to 14 days; after 14 days, there was significant difference among those subgroups. Conclusion: Our study showed the rate of metabolic acidosis in patients underwent neobladder reconstruction and the difference between patients with metabolic acidosis and those without metabolic acidosis for the first time in Korea. In the future, well designed prospective study will be needed to prevent metabolic acidosis after neobladder reconstruction.

Paraquat 양이온 기에 대한 전자 스핀 공명 연구

홍세용,박영현,한찬수 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.2

Electron spin resonance studies of the radical + 1 cation of paraquat have been carried out at room temperature using X-band microwave. The observed ESR spectra have very complex hyperfine structure due to hyperfine interactions with the nuclei of 2 nitrogens and 14 hydrogens in the radical. The ESR parameters have been found ??, ??, ??, ??, ?? and the hyperfine constants are very close to pervious reports of Janice A. DeGray et. al.

DMPO-OH에 대한 전자 스핀 공명 연구

박영현,홍세용,한찬수 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

Electron spin resonance studies of the radical DMPO-OH induced by Fenton reaction have been carried out at room temperature. The ESR spectra have 4 hyperfine lines due to interactions with the nuclei of nitrogen and hydrogen at the position of βin the radical DMPO-OH. As results of our analysis, the ESR parameters have been found that ?? , the hyperfine coupling constants are well accord with those of Chamulitrat et al. and Akira Hamata but ?? that is reported on this paper.

烏貝散이 HCI-aspirin 으로 유발된 십이지장궤양에 미치는 조직학적 영향

구세광,이형식,김종대,한상원,김상찬,이재현 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1999 基礎科學 Vol.3 No.-

오패산이 HCI-aspirin tm으로 유발된 rat 십이지장궤양에 미치는 조직학적 영향을 관찰하기 위하여, 오패산을 1,3 및 5일 동안 경구투여하고 십이지장의 조직학적 변화를 관찰하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 실험 전 기간동안 대조군에서는 십이지장 융모의 위축과 붕괴가 관찰되었으며, 조직학적으로는 점막상피의 변성 및 탈락이 관찰되었고 점막고유층에서는 염증세포의 침윤(infilteration)의 소견이 관찰된 반면 오패산 투여군의 투여 1일에서는 대조군과 유사하게 관찰되었으나, 투여 3일후부터 점막상피의 첨부에서 경미한 카타르성 물질이 관찰된 이외에 정상군과 유사한 소견을 나타내었다. 이상에서 오패산이 십이지장궤양의 치유를 촉진시키는 것으로 관찰되었다. In order to study, the histological effects of Opeaesan on the duodenal ulcer induced by HCI-aspirin tm in rate, experiments were done by oral administration and observed histological profiles of the ulcerative lesions. Ulcerative lesions were unmerously detected in control groups especially in pylorus-duodenal junctions. Histologically, very severe injury to duodenal epithelium wer observed in control groups and these injuries were increased with time intervals. But in the Opaesan-administration groups, no gross lesion of ulcer were demonstrated and histologically minor injury to the mucosal epithelium were observed. Among the Opaesan treatment groups, most slight injuries to duodenal mucosa were detected in 5 days after administration when the histological profiles were similar to that of normal groups. According to these result, it is suggested that Opaesan should be used in treatment of the duodenal ulcer but the funcitonal mechanisms were unknown.

光州 學生 民族運動의 全國的 擴大에 대하여 : Anti Japanese Movement

鄭世鉉 淑明女子大學校 1973 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

Kwangju Students' Anti-Japanese Movement was a milestone on the national movement line which conversely developed movements for independence in various ways under the more tightened Japanese colonial system after the Samil Independence Movement in 1919. The students' movements during 1929 and 1930 should not be estimated as students' movements in a simple sense. Because the students' anti-Japanese struggle begun in Kwangju was the struggle by students conscious of, on a national dimension, the imperialistic Japan, the invader, which temporarily stopped Korean history by occupying Korean territory forcibly and repressing Korean people. 1) As Kwangju students' anti-Japanese struggle contained national affirmation in a positive sense, students in Chullanam-do could immediately join the action of Kwangju students. 2) The national movements of Korean people within its territory could be united as single national power of "Singanhoe." under the existing situation that only the radical left-wing was excluded, overcoming differentiation and conflict since 1920. These socil conditions were the direct background which promoted nationwide students' movements. 3) As many organizations such as social organizations, youth organizations, students' organizations as well as Singanhoe immediately supported Kwangju Students' Movement, students' movements turned to the character of national movement. The only difference between common national movements was that the subjects of the struggle were students. 4) Singanhoe played the basic role in Seoul Students Movement. Its support under the name of reality investigation of Kwangju Students' Movement. could be interpreted as multi-purposeful intervention which included cheerup and sympathy. Moreover, Singanhoe was the guarding background in production and circulation of manifestoes spreaed in schools and other important places in Seoul at early December, 1929. Also it was a desirable contribution to the formation of the atmosphere to promote students' movement that Singganhoe, in spite of tight repression, continuously propelled a number of meetings such as report lectures, speeches opposing press repression and meetings for the enlightenment of people. 5) Especially the students' movements in Seoul in December, 1929 and January, 1930 through press which survived continuing confiscation and deletion could be the stimulating accelerators to nationwide students' groups. 6) There appeared several types of students' movements originated from Kwangju Students' Movement because of different conditions according to districts and schools. These are a few examples: a) presentation of petitions; b) presentation of manifestoes; c) circulation of manifestoes; d) cheers within schools; and e) demonstrations. No matter what were their substances and types of action, the students' movements were all in common in the fact that they were patriotic anti-Japanese struggles, not expecting their prices, on the national independence line.

급성 단순하부요로감염증 치료에서 노르플록사신과 루플록사신의 임상효과 및 안전성

김세웅,이지열,이승주,조용현,윤문수 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.1

목적 : 루플록사신은 긴 반감기와 넓은 항균력을 가진 퀴놀론계 항생물질이다. 급성 단순하부요로감염 치료에 있어서의 루플록사신의 효과와 안전성을 평가하기 위하여 기존의 퀴놀론계 항생물질인 노르플록사신과 비교임상시험을 실시하였다. 방법 : 본 임상시험은 전향적, 무작위 방법으로 진행하였으며 1997년 8월부터 1999년 3월까지 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 부속 성모병원 비뇨기과에 내원한 급성 단순하부요로감염 환자 72명을 대상으로 하였다. 연속적 무작위 배정방법을 통하여 루플록사신군 36명과 노르플록사신군 36명이 루플록사신 400㎎을 단회 경구투여 받거나 노르플록사신 400㎎을 12시간 간격으로 3일간 6회 경구투여 받았다. 임상효과, 미생물학적 평가 및 부작용을 비교 관찰하였다. 결과 : 총 64명의 환자가 시험을 완료하여 평가가 가능하였고, 이 중 루플록사신군은 32명이었고, 노르플록사신군은 32명이었다. 증상의 치료 및 개선을 임상적 유효성이 있는 경우로 하였을 때, 루플록사신투여군은 32례중 32예(100%)에서, 노르플록사신투여군은 32례 중 31례(96.9%)에서 만족할 만한 결과를 얻었다. 미생물학적 평가에서 루플록사신투여군은 32례 중 29례(90.6%)에서, 노르플록사신투여군은 32례 중 28례(87.5%)에서 미생물학적 소실을 보였다. 미생물학적 재발은 루플록사신군과 노르플록사신군에서 각각 1례(3.1%)과 2례(6.3%)가 나타났고, 재감염은 각각 2례(6.3%)와 1례(3.1%)가 나타났다. 임상효과와 미생물학적 평가에서는 두 약제간의 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 약물역동학적 검사상 루플록사신은 노르플록사신에 비해 높은 MIC를 갖고 있지만 긴 반감기를 통해 소변내에서 높은 농도와 요 살균력을 유지함을 알 수 있었다. 부작용은 루플록사신투여군 34례 중 5례(14/7%)에서, 노르플록사신투여군 35례 중 1례(2.9%)에서 나타났으며, 대부분의 소화기계통의 이상반응 이었으며, 모두 경증으로 24시간 이내에 소실되었다. 루플록사신투여군 중 2례에서는 경증의 중추신경계의 이상반응이 관찰되었다. 결론 : 결론적으로 루플록사신은 급성 단순하부요로감염에 대하여 1회 투여만으로도 노르플록사신의 3일 투여법과 동등한 효과를 나타내는 유용한 약제라고 생각된다. Background : Rufloxacin is a broad-spectrum quinolone that exhibits a prolonged elimination half-life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single dose of rufloxacin, campared with those of a norfloxacin standard treatment. Methods : This was a open. randomized. parallel-group, phase 11 clinical trial. A total of 72 women with acute lower urinary tract infections were included and randomly assigned to one of the treatment regimens: rufloxacin 400㎎ single dose, or norfloxacin 400㎎ b.i.d. for 3 days. Clinical and bacteriological assessments were performed twice at the third day and the seventh or tenth day after inclusion. Results : A total of 64 patients(32 and 32 patients in the rufloxacin and norfloxacin groups, respectively) were considered clinically and bacteriologically evaluable. Overall, a clinical response(recovery and improvement) was observed in 32 (100%) of 32 patients treated with rufloxacin and in 31 (96.95) of 32 patients with norfloxacin. The corresponding eradication rates of the primary pathogens were 90.6%(29/32) and 87.5%(28/32), respectively. The microbiological relapses between the seventh and tenth day were recorded in 1 patient(3.1%) and 2 patients(6.3%) in the rufloxacin and norfloxacin groups, respectively. The superinfections occurred in 2(6.3%) and 1(3.1%) patients, respectively. No statistically significant differences in the clinical or bacteriological outcome were observed between the treatment groups. The pharmacodynamic evaluation showed similar median urine bactericidal titers(UBT) for both treatment groups against initial isolates, despite a higher MIC of rufloxacin than that of norfloxacin. Five patients (14.7%) in the rufloxacin group and 2 patients (5.7%) in the norfloxacin group reported 9 and 4 adverse events, respectively, almost all of them being mild and lasting <24 h. Overall, gastrointestinal reactions were the most frequent adverse events reported. However, 2 patients treated with rufloxacin reported 3 central nervous system adverse events. Conclusion : This study suggests that single dose of rufloxacin treatment is effective and well tolerated as norfloxacin 3-day standard treatment in acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections.

수산화칼슘 수용액과의 반응에 의한 탄산가스제거 및 탄산칼슘 결정 입도 분포

한현각,이세일 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 1995 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.2

A discretized population balance for growth, agglomeration and disrupture was used for the analysis of the PSD(particle size distribution) of gas-liquid carbonation reaction. A two-body power law rupture kinetics was newly adopted for the explanation of disrupture phenomena. The discretized equations resulted in a set of simultaneous equations which were solved by a fourth-order Runge kutta technique. The agreement of experimental PSDs with the calculated values was found acceptable. When aqueous calcium solutions were replaced by calcium water-ethanol solution, the liquid-liquid systems produced smooth and small calcite drytals, whereas in the gas-liquid crystallization system no noticeable changes were obtained.

數種의 熱處理方法이 Elgiloy矯正用 線材의 腐蝕에 미치는 影響

張世敬,權五源,成在鉉 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1987 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on corrosion properties in .016 "Green Elgiloy wire. To evaluate the corrosion resistance of Elgiloy wire, electrochemical tests such as potential and polarization measurement were used widely. In this experiment, the corrosion currents were measured using electronic potentiostat and all of the heated specimen were heat-treated by direct flame, electric welder and dental furnace. These specimens were immersed in 1% sodium chloride solution at 37℃, and currents of each specimen were measured for 24 hours at 0.0 volt(SCE) The results were as follows: Heat-treated specimens showed higher corrosion susceptibility than non heat-treated specimens. Heat-treated specimens by direct flame seemed to be higher corrosion susceptibility than those by electric welder, dental furnace. Heat-treated specimens by direct flame showed higher current density and lower corrosion potentials in respect to heattreated specimens by electric welder, dental furnace. Corrosion surface of heat-treated specimens showed pits and scratches by observation of scanntng electron microscope.

雜犬에서 Isoflurane 全身痲醉時 Labetalol과 Sodium Nitroprusside가 心血力學에 미치는 影響

우현제,이정은,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1991 충남의대잡지 Vol.18 No.1

Many studies have been performing to attenuate hemodynamic responses in related to anesthesia of hypertensive patients because increased blood pressure and heart rate may be even fatal. The author performed this experimental study to evaluate the hemodynamic effect of labetalol which has dual site of action(non-specific beta and postsynaptic alpha 1 receptor blockade) and SNP on cardiovascular system under the 1 % isoflurane anesthesia in 14 mongrel dogs. Heart rate(HR), systolic arterial blood pressure(SAP); diastolic arterial blood pressure(DAP), mean arterial blood pressure(MAP), central venous pressure(CVP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP), and cardiac output(CO) were measured after labetalol 0.08mg/kg, 0.24mg/kg, and 0.72mg/kg intravenous bolus injection and SNP 0.7mg /kg/min, 2.1mg/kg/min, and 6.3mg/kg/min intravenous dripping. Besides stroke volume (SV), cardicac index(CI), left ventricular stroke work index(LVSWI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR) were calculated. The results were summerized as follows 1. SAP, DAP and MAP were decreaed significantly in both groups. HR were decreased significantly in labetalol group but there was no change in SNP group. 2. PCWP showed a tendency to increase in labetalol group but to decrease in SNP group, PAP showed no change in both groups. 3. CO and CI were decreased significantly but SV was not changed in labetalol group. There were no changes in SNP group. LVSWI showed a tendency to decrease in both groups. 4. CVP, SVR and PVR were not changed in both groups. The author conclude both labetalol and SNP are effective to attenuate hemodynamic responses, in hypertensive patients. But labetalol is preferable for hypertensive patient with coronary heart. disease because it has dual blocking action.