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        Nanostructuring Optical Waveguides by Focused Ion Beam Milling: Near-Field Characterization

        Frederic Lacour,Andrei Sabac,Michel Spajer 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.47 No.1

        Nanostructures have become an attractive subject due to many applications, articularly the photonic bandgap effect observed in photonic crystals. Nevertheless, the fabrication of such structures remains a challenge because of accurate requirement concerning regularity, shape, hole depth etc. of the structure. E-beam lithography permits a good control of dimensional parameters but needs a 1-step fabrication process. In our work, we have to combine traditional strip-load waveguides (SiO2/SiON/SiO2 on Si) and nanostructures whose dimension are totally different. This imposes a 2-step process where waveguides and nanostructures are successively fabricated. We have at our disposal different ways to characterize these nanostructures. A direct aspect control during and after FIB treatment can be achieved by FIB and SEM imaging. Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) is currently the most effective way to test guiding confinement in such surface structures by detecting the evanescent field.

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