북한 형사소송법상의 인권보호 조항과 그 적용사례 : 모성보호 조항을 중심으로

김소라 ( Kim¸ So Ra ) 동국대학교 북한학연구소(구 동국대학교 안보연구소) 2020 북한학연구 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 북한 형사소송법 인권보호 조항 중에서 모성보호 조항을 중심으로 사례를 분석하였다. 북한법의 규범력과 북한 형사소송법 목표(원칙)조항을 통한 내재적 접근법으로 북한 형사소송법 모성보호 조항 적용사례를 분석한 결과, 일반범에 대해 모성보호 조항을 적용하지만, 정치범 유사범(탈북범)에 대해 모성보호 조항을 적용하지 않고, 강제낙태 후 형사절차와 법적처벌(형집행)을 진행하여 형사소송법 목표(원칙)에 따라 모성보호 조항을 차등 적용하고 있음을 확인하였다. This research is to analyze cases focused on the maternity protection clauses among the human rights protection articles of the North Korean Criminal Procedure Act. As the result of analyzing the application cases of the maternity protection clauses(- It was analyzed by using the normative power of the North Korean law and the immanent approach through the purpose clauses of the North Korean Criminal Procedure Act), the maternity protection clauses were applied to general offenders, but the clauses were not applied to similar political offenders (defectors). Criminal procedures and legal punishments were carried out after forced abortion without applying to the clauses to similar political offenders (defectors) It was confirmed that the maternity protection clauses were differentially applied according to the purpose of the North Korean Criminal Procedure Act.

광무양전과 방위(方位) 인식

김소라 ( Kim¸ So-ra ) 대구사학회 2020 대구사학 Vol.140 No.-

본고는 충청남도 한산군 4개 마을의 광무양안과 식민지기 토지대장, 지적도를 비교 분석하여 양안에 기록된 양전 방향과 四標의 의미, 역할에 대해 고찰해 보았다. 조선은 물론 대한제국기에도 양안에는 개별 필지의 위치를 나타내는 별도의 지적도가 부기되지 않았다. 대신 매 필지마다 양전 방향과 사표를 동서남북 네 개 방위로 기록해 두었다. 분석 결과 문자로 기록된 양전 방향이 이웃한 두 개 필지간의 실제 위치관계를 객관적으로 묘사하고 있지 않는 경우가 약 30%에 달했다. 이 경우 사표 역시 비뚤어진 方位를 기준으로 작성되어, 제3자로 하여금 필지의 위치비정을 어렵게 했다. 그럼에도 이들이 4방위만을 활용하며 위치 정보를 텍스트로만 제시했던 것은, 실제 양안의 정보를 사용할 이들 간에는 해당 정보 만으로도 의사소통에 무리가 없었기 때문이었다. 山林天澤 인근에서 남북 축 자체가 재설정되곤 했으나, 이 역시 해당 현장에서 양전 경로를 효율적으로 설계하기 위한 하나의 과정이었다. 결국, 양전 경로와 사표는 해당 정보의 위치를 객관적으로 증빙하기 위한 수단이 아니라 효과적인 양전 수행을 위한 경로 안내의 역할을 담당했던 것이다. This paper examines the indigenous sense of directions in the Chosŏn society by comparing directional records in the Kwangmu Land Registers and the colonial cadastral maps. The analysis shows that although Chosŏn had a detailed 24-directional system, only the four-cardinal-points were used for the Kwangmu land survey. The accuracy of cardinal information of the Kwangmu registers was not high, and the axis of north-south was readjusted near the natural terrains. However, this was not just a mistake, but a result of a flexible sense of directions in the society. The realism was the most important, which made records for someone who will be in the same environment with the surveyors. For them, it was no matter whether a third party can find the exact location of each land piece. (Ph.D. Candidate, Korean History Department, Seoul National University / sorakhis@naver.com)

쓰기 윤리로서의 ‘인용’ 교육 내용 개선 방안 연구-2015 개정 교육과정과 중학교 국어 교과서 분석을 중심으로

이소라 ( Lee¸ So-ra ),류수경 ( Ryu¸ Su-kyeong ) 청람어문교육학회 2021 청람어문교육 Vol.- No.83

본고는 2015 개정 교육과정과 중학교 국어 교과서에 나타난 쓰기 윤리 교육으로서의 인용 교육 내용을 비판적으로 분석하여 교육 내용 개선 방안을 제시하였다. 쓰기 윤리와 인용 교육에 관한 2009 개정 교육과정과 2015 개정 교육과정을 분석한 결과 전반적으로 쓰기 윤리 교육의 비중이 축소되고 쓰기 기능보다 태도 측면을 강조하여 교과서와 교수·학습으로 구현될 때 쓰기 윤리 태도가 쓰기 윤리 실천으로 이어지기 어려운 문제가 나타났다. 2015 개정 중학교 국어 교과서에서 쓰기 윤리로서의 인용은 소략하게 다루어지고 있었다. 인용의 개념은 당위적 측면에서 원칙 중심으로 제시되며, 인용의 방법적 측면은 명시적이기보다 간접적인 방식으로 드러나는 경향이 있었다. 또한 인용의 전략적 활용에 관한 내용은 거의 다루어지지 않았다. 이에 본고는 쓰기 윤리로서의 인용 교육 관련하여 교육 내용 및 교과서 측면에서 개선방안을 제안하였다. The purpose of the present study is to improve the educational contents oft quotation for ethical writing in primary, secondary school. To achieve the goal, the study analyzes middle school textbooks developed according to 2015 revised national curriculum and focuses on ‘quotation’ because it is a typical method for ethical writing. The study suggests that we should consider sequencing educational contents of quotation in primary and secondary school. To help students write ethically, the purpose of quotation and the methods for quotation should be described in textbooks. We need Explicit activities are required for students to quorate correctly and write ethically. It should be linked to other language activities.

mGluR5 in the nucleus accumbens is critical for promoting resilience to chronic stress

Shin, Sora,Kwon, Obin,Kang, Jee In,Kwon, Somin,Oh, Sora,Choi, Jiwon,Kim, Chul Hoon,Kim, Dong Goo NATURE AMERICA 2015 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.18 No.7

Resilience to aversive events has a central role in determining whether stress leads to the development of depression. mGluR5 has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, but the effect of mGluR5 activity on stress resilience remains unexplored. We found that mGluR5<SUP>−/−</SUP> (also known as Grm5<SUP>−/−</SUP>) mice displayed more depression-like behaviors (for example, learned helplessness, social withdrawal and anhedonia) than control mice following exposure to various stressful stimuli. Lentiviral 'rescue' of mGluR5 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) decreased these depression-like behaviors in mGluR5<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. In the NAc, ΔFosB, whose induction promotes stress resilience, failed to be upregulated by stress in mGluR5<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. Notably, targeted pharmacological activation of mGluR5 in the NAc increased ΔFosB expression. Our findings point to an essential role for mGluR5 in promoting stress resilience and suggest that a defect in mGluR5-mediated signaling in the NAc may represent an endophenotype for stress-induced depression.

An Integrated Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Process for Combined Heat and Power Facilities: A Life Cycle Assessment

( Sora Yi ),( Changsik Choi ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2022 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2022 No.-

This study performs a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a newly developed integrated carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) process for combined heat and power (CHP) facilities. This integrated CCUS process incorporates advanced technologies to each stage of CCUS at CHP plants: an advanced flue gas supply system → CO₂ biomass production → CO₂ capture using membranes → CO2 storage by mineral carbonation. The greenhouse gas emissions and offsetting effect (i.e., resource recovery and carbon capture amount) of each stage was assessed to analyze the total amount of greenhouse gas emission from a life cycle perspective. In the case of the integrated process, the LCA showed that this integrated CCUS process resulted in -745 kg CO2 eq/ton of greenhouse gases, which is superior to the greenhouse gas reduction effects of individual technologies reported by previous research. The integrated CCUS process was also found to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly compared to existing technologies in the assessment based on energy consumption: while existing carbon capture technology is reported to emit 798 kg CO₂ eq/ton of greenhouse gases to remove 1 ton of CO₂, the integrated CCUS process emitted 356 kg CO₂ eq/ton to capture 1 ton of CO₂ and converts it into resources, reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions to 44.6%.

Qi-activating quercetin alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinfl ammation in vivo and in vitro

Sora Kang,Ying Piao,Young Cheol Kang,Suyeol Lim,Youngmi Kim Pak 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.5

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerativedisease manifesting mitochondrial damagesand neuroinfl ammation. Qi is defi ned as a natural power thatcan regulate the energy fl ow in Oriental medicine, whereasmitochondria generate energy power in Western medicine. We investigated whether Qi -enhancing component in Orientalherb medicines could activate mitochondrial activities. Quercetin was found as a major bioactive compound inmost Qi -activating Oriental herb medicines through onlinesearch for active compounds in several Oriental Medicinedatabases. We then investigated if quercetin could reverse1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP + )-induced mitochondrialdysfunction and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducedneuroinfl ammation. Mitochondrial activities were monitoredbased on complex 1 NADH dehydrogenase activities, ATPcontents, mitochondrial membrane potential, cellular/mitochondrialreactive oxygen species, and oxygen consumptionrate in SH-SY5Y cells. Quercetin at concentration up to 20 μg/ml was not cytotoxic to SH-SY5Y cells. Pre-treatmentwith quercetin signifi cantly protected mitochondrialdamages in 1 mM MPP + - or 100 ng/ml LPS-treated cells. Quercetin increased expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylaseand mitochondria controlling proteins. When in vivoeff ects of quercetin were assessed by immunohistochemicalstaining of tissue sections from LPS-injected mice brains,quercetin reduced the activation of microglia and astrocytesin the hippocampus and substantia nigra of LPS-injectedmice. Our data suggest that Qi -activating quercetin mightbe therapeutically eff ective for neuroinfl ammation-mediatedneurodegeneration by alleviating mitochondrial damages.

Phylogeny and Evolutionary hypothesis of Family Oecophoridae (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea)

Sora Kim,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2017 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.04

The Oecophoridae is a mega-diverse microlepidopteran family within the Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera) comprising more than 3,300 described and numerous undescribed species. Based on comprehensive phylogenetic analysis using eight genes for 82 taxa, the results indicated that (i) Casmara, Tyrolimnas and Pseudodoxia did not belong to Oecophoridae; (ii) other oecophorids dividing into two subfamilies, Pleurotinae and Oecophorinae, were nested within the same clade, and (iii) Martyringa, Acryptolechia and Periacmini were clustered with core Xyloryctide. Reconstruction of ancestral microhabitat of oecophorids indicated that they might have evolved from dried plant feeders and further convergently specialized. The ancestral larva sheltering strategy of oecophorids might have used a silk tube by making itself, shifting from mining leaves.

Effect of Graphene Oxide as a Cellular Adhesive in Single-cell Detachment and Shear Stress

Sora PARK,Seulha KIM,Tai Hyun PARK 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.4

NMMP1, a Matrix Metalloprotease in Nicotiana benthamiana Has a Role in Protection against Bacterial Infection

Sora Kang,오상근,김종주,최도일,백광현 한국식물병리학회 2010 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.26 No.4

Plant matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are a family of apoplastic metalloproteases closely related to human matrilysins. Up-regulation of Nicotiana benthamiana matrix metalloprotease 1 (NMMP1) expression by treatment with pathogens, ethephon and aging indicates that the gene is related to plant defense and the aging process through ethylene signaling. NMMP1 expression was higher than in normal growth leaves following infection with an incompatible pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1 or a compatible pathogen P. syringae pv. tabaci and in aged leaves. Transient overexpression of NMMP1in N. benthamiana leaves lowered the growth of P. syringae pv. tabaci. However, NMMP1-silenced leaves showed increased growth of P. syringae pv. tabaci. These data strongly suggest that NMMP1 in N. benthamiana is a defense related gene, which is positively regulated by ethylene.

Effect of Size-controlled Graphene Oxide Sheet on Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Sora PARK,Yun Ki KIM,Boram SON,Tai Hyun PARK 한국생물공학회 2017 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10