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Relationships between Mass and Porosity of Rough Rice Piled in a Combine Grain Tank
( Ryuichi Yoshizaki ),( Yasumaru Hirai ),( Muneshi Mitsuoka ),( Shio Inagaki ),( Eiji Inoue ),( Takashi Okayasu ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
Percentage of ripened grains (PRG) is an important indicator to evaluate soil and crop management in rice production and is used to estimate weight of ripened brown rice by which economic returns are determined in Japan. This study focused on estimating PRG using bulk density of rough rice piled in the grain tank of a combine harvester. Our former study has showed that linear relationships between bulk density and particle density (an indicator of PRG) of rough rice piled in a vertical cylinder were dependent on the filling conditions of the rough rice. This finding required to clarify the filling conditions of the rough rice piled in a grain tank to estimate PRG using bulk density. Porosity is an indicator to evaluate the filling conditions. Thus, the objective of this study was to clarify factors affecting the porosity of rough rice piled in a grain tank. Relationships between mass and porosity of rough rice piled in a grain tank was measured through the field tests and the indoor experiments using a 6-row and a 4-row head feeding combine harvester, respectively. In addition, relationships between pressure at the bottom part in the grain tanks and porosity were compared between the field tests and the indoor experiments. The determination coefficients (R<sup>2</sup>) of regression lines between mass and porosity were high: 0.96 in the field tests and 0.88 in the indoor experiments. These relationships showed that mass is a major factor affecting porosity of rough rice piled in a grain tank. For the relationships between pressure at the bottom part of a grain tank and porosity, the field tests (moisture content: 23-29 %) showed 6 % larger porosity at around 2.5 kPa of pressure than the indoor experiments (moisture content: 15 %). Lowered fluidity of rough rice at higher moisture content is a possible cause of this larger porosity in the field tests. In addition, the magnitude of the slope of the regression line for relationships between the pressure and porosity was higher in the field tests (2.74) than in the indoor experiments (0.83). This result suggested that shaking of the combine during harvest, which involved only in the field tests, affected the porosity.
A Borsuk--Ulam type theorem over iterated suspensions of real projective spaces
Ryuichi Tanaka 대한수학회 2012 대한수학회지 Vol.49 No.2
A CW complex B is said to be I-trivial if there does not exist a Z2-map from Si-1 to S() for any vector bundle over B and any integer i with i > dim . In this paper, we consider the question of determining whether kRPn is I-trivial or not, and to this question we give complete answers when k ̸= 1, 3, 8 and partial answers when k = 1, 3, 8. A CW complex B is I-trivial if it is "W-trivial", that is, if for every vector bundle over B, all the Stiefel{Whitney classes vanish. We nd, as a result, that kRPn is a counterexample to the converse of this statement when k = 2, 4 or 8 and n ≥ 2k.
Detection of Pedestrians Employing a Wide-angel Camera
Ryuichi Matsuda,Joo Kooi Tan,Hyoungseop Kim,Seiji Ishikawa 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.10
Recently, the number of accidents that pedestrians have law violation is in the tendency of decrease in Japan. However, accidents caused by pedestrians crossing a crosswalk or dashing into a crosswalk still have high ratio, and both accident sources account for 15% of the whole number of accidents caused by a pedestrian. Although many researches in ITS in which pedestrians are detected from in-vehicle cameras have been actively done to solve these problems, they usually employ standard cameras, and those pedestrians who exist outside of the camera view cannot be detected. In this paper, we employ a wide-angle camera which has wider view than a general camera and propose a technique for detecting pedestrians from the wide-angle image. Since, in a wide-angle camera image, every object becomes smaller, we propose a technique for detecting pedestrians employing optical flows converging to a FOE (Focus of Expansion). Experimental results show satisfactory performance of the technique.
A Design Method for Nonlinear Model Predictive Control with a Step-type Input Constraint
Ryuichi Sakata,Shiro Masuda,Takuya Sugiyama,Takao Sato 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
The nonlinear model predictive control needs to solve a two-point boundary-value problem(TP-BVP) at every sample time based on the receding horizon control strategy. However, solving a nonlinear algebraic equation for the TP-BVP requires high computational load, so computing the cotrol law in real-time is a significant issue on the nonlinear model prective control. This paper, the refore, proposes a design method for nonlinear model predictive control with a step-type input constraint. The proposed method searches an optimal control law under a step-type input signal constraint. Hence, the number of unknown parameters in the nonlinear equation can bereduced to the number of inputs. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a numerical simulation.
Ryuichi Azuma,Shimpo Aoki,Tetsushi Aizawa,Masahiro Kuwabara,Tomoharu Kiyosawa 대한성형외과학회 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.2
Background Static reconstruction surgery that tightens the tension of the inferior tarsus, thereby raising the lax lower eyelid, is a common treatment for paralytic ectropion of the lower eyelid. We present one such operative procedure, in which an orbicularis oculi muscle flap was used. Methods The surgical technique involves partial resection of the tarsus and the skin, as well as a superior-based orbicularis oculi muscle flap that is sutured to the firm tissue present on the Whitnall tubercle. The muscle flap is approximately 7 mm in width and 15 mm in length, with a superior pedicle that is attached to the tarsus at the medial point of the resected tarsus. The procedure results in contact between the ocular surface and the lower eyelid. Results The procedure was performed in 11 patients with lower eyelid ectropion due to facial paralysis. Ten cases showed a favorable outcome following surgery, with stable results seen over an average follow-up period of 4.5 years. In one case, recurrence of ectropion was observed 2 months after surgery due to an insufficient correction, and the patient required repeat surgery. Conclusions The orbicularis oculi muscle flap was an effective means of suspension and was able to maintain long-term traction tension. This procedure can therefore be considered a favorable treatment option for lower eyelid ectropion due to facial paralysis.
Role of interleukin-6 in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption in humans
Ryuichi Kunii,Masaru Yamaguchi,Yasuhiro Tanimoto,Masaki Asano,Kunihiko Yamada,Takemi Goseki,Kazutaka Kasai 대한치과교정학회 2013 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.43 No.6
Objective: To determine the interleukin (IL)-6 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with severe root resorption after orthodontic treatment and investigate the effects of different static compressive forces (CFs) on IL-6 production by human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells and the influence of IL-6 on osteoclastic activation from human osteoclastic precursor (hOCP) cells in vitro. Methods: IL-6 levels in GCF samples collected from 20 patients (15 and 5 subjects without and with radiographic evidence of severe root resorption, respectively) who had undergone orthodontic treatment were measured by ELISA. The levels of IL-6 mRNA in hPDL cells and IL-6 protein in conditioned medium after the application of different uniform CFs (0, 1.0, 2.0, or 4.0 g/㎠ for up to 72 h) were measured by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Finally, the influence of IL-6 on mature osteoclasts was investigated by using hOCP cells on dentin slices in a pit-formation assay. Results: Clinically, the IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the resorption group than in the control group. In vitro, IL-6 mRNA expression significantly increased with increasing CF. IL-6 protein secretion also increased in a time- and magnitude-dependent manner. Resorbed areas on dentin slices were significantly greater in the recombinant human IL-6-treated group and group cultured in hPDL cell-conditioned medium with CF application (4.0 g/㎠) than in the group cultured in hPDL cell-conditioned medium without CF application. Conclusions: IL-6 may play an important role in inducing or facilitating orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption.