Running Craze in Korea : Group Participation, not Solo Performance

Seon Ju-seong Running Columnist Choi Hang-young Photographer The Korea Foundation 2003 Koreana (English) Vol.17 No.3

Research of Image Edge Detection Based on Mathematical Morphology

Xiufang Wang,Xingyuan Zhang,Running Gao 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.5

Design of NI sbRIO Based Working Fluid Level Detector and its Verification

Bingkun Gao,Liyang Jin,Running Gao 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.6

Climate-growth relationships of relict Picea jezoensis at Mt. Gyebang, South Korea

장웅순,Christopher R. Keyes,Steven W. Running,임종환,박필선 한국산림과학회 2015 Forest Science And Technology Vol.11 No.1

A study was conducted to evaluate climatic variation at Mt. Gyebang, South Korea, and its influence on the modelled andobserved growth of its relict Picea jezoensis population. Using the MT-CLIM and Biome-BGC models, year-to-yearmeteorological variation and subsequent changes in growing season, primary productivity and water balance weresimulated. These were compared with the observed growth of sample P. jezoensis trees at the site. According to weatherdata and model calculations, the P. jezoensis stand at Mt. Gyebang was exposed to significant climate variations affectinggrowing season, carbon balance, and water balance. Although the length of growing season showed an increasing trendover time, the observed growth of P. jezoensis was unaffected by the length of growing season. Probably due to the site’sshallow soil depths and species’ shallow rooting depth, the modelled increase in productivity caused by climate variationwas not manifested in an increase in growth of P. jezoensis. These findings imply that the competitiveness of P. jezoensisat this site has declined over time and that an active approach to conservation planning for this species and site is warranted.

신라검무 및 동일강도의 트레드밀 운동시 심박수, RPE 및 혈중 젖산농도 변화의 비교

오향란,안나영,김기진 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

This study was performed the comparison of physiological function between a sword dance and treadmill running, For the positive factors of sword dance through physical activity and music component on the psycho-hysiological change. Subjects were consisted of 20-aged 16 female sword dancer of 2 groups, as skillful dancer group(n=B) and novice group(n=B), The results were as follow: In graded maximal testing, VO₂max, anaerobic threshold, and recovery capacity after maximal exercise in skillful group showed a higher than novice group. Change of heart rate during a sword dancing is almost similar level to optimal intensity in aerobic exercise program, so sword dance could be suggested an effective exercise program Physiological stimulus to cardiopulmonary function is different response as the different career of sword dance, because novice group showed a significant(p<.05) higher heart rate in sword dance than treadmill running. Blood lactate concentration showed a similar response between sword dancing and treadmill running in both 2 groups. Novice group showed a higher RPE in sword dancing than treadmill running, but skillful group showed a lower RPE in sword dancing than treadmill running. These results mean that the acquainted level of sword dance affected to the psychological response during sword dancing In these result, hypothesis of the similar blood lactate change between sword dancing and treadmill running could be accepted, but RPE is different response as the different career of sword dance.

마라톤 동호인과 일반인의 체력 및 건강관련 변인의 비교

김혜란 ( Hye Ran Kim ),이만균 ( Man Gyoon Lee ),성순창 ( Soon Chang Sung ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2007 체육과학연구 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 크게 두 가지의 과제로 구성되어 있다. 제 1과제에서는 중년 남성 마라톤 동호인 45명과 운동습관이 없는 일반인 30명을 대상으로 체격 및 체력수준을 비교하였다. 측정항목은 신장, 체중, 신체질량지수, 체지방률, 1200m달리기, 윗몸일으키기, 팔굽혀펴기, 앉아 윗몸앞으로굽히기, 제자리멀리뛰기, 그리고 50m달리기였다. 제 2과제에서는 중년 남성 마라톤 동호인 15명과 운동습관이 없는 일반인 8명을 대상으로 최대산소섭취량, 젖산역치 수준에서의 산소섭취량, 젖산역치 수준에서의 심박수, 1초 강제 호기량, 그리고 혈액변인을 비교하였다. 두 집단의 데이터를 비교하여 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 마라톤 동호인과 일반인의 체격을 비교한 결과 체중, 신체질량지수, 가슴 피부두겹 두께, 복부와 대퇴 피부두겹 두께, 그리고 체지방률은 마라톤 동호인이 일반인에 비해 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 2. 마라톤 동호인과 일반인의 체력을 비교한 결과 윗몸일으키기, 팔굽혀펴기, 앉아윗몸앞으로굽히기, 제자리멀리뛰기, 50m달리기, 그리고 1200m달리기 모두 마라톤 동호인이 일반인에 비해 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 마라톤 동호인과 일반인의 호흡순환계 변인을 비교한 결과는 최대산소섭취량, 최대심박수, 그리고 VO2LT에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 그러나 HR(LT), FEV1.0은 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 4. 마라톤 동호인과 일반인의 대사관련 변인을 비교한 결과 TG, 그리고 HDL-C는 유의한 차이가 나타났으나, 혈중 글루코스, 인슐린, FFA, TC, 그리고 LDL-C에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 마라톤 동호인이 일반인에 비해 높은 체력 및 건강수준을 갖고 있는 것으로 나타나 마라톤 동호회 활동이 건강 유지 및 증진, 노화의 지연에 긍정적인 효과가 있을 것으로 판단 되어 진다. 따라서 일반인들이 건강한 삶을 위해 마라톤 동호회의 활동에 적극적으로 참여하기 위한 다양한 방법이 강구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. The purposes of the study were twofold. The first study was designed to compare physical fitness between 45 marathon club participants(MCP) and 30 general individuals(GI) who have not participated in any systematic exercise training before. Test items in the first study included the standing height, body weight, body mass index, percent body fat, 1200m run/walk, sit-up, push up, sit-and-reach, standing long jump, and 50m dash. The second study was designed to compare maximal oxygen consumption, maximal heart rate, oxygen consumption at lactate threshold(VO2LT), heart rate at lactate threshold(HR(LT)), forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1.0), and blood variables between 15 MCP and eight GI. All data obtained in the two studies were analyzed by independent-t test and the results were as follows: 1) The body weight, body mass index, chest thickness, abdomen thickness, anterior thigh thickness, and percent body fat of MCP were significantly lower than them of GI. 2) Sit-up, push up, sit-and-reach, standing long jump, 50m dash, and 1200m run/walk of MCP were significantly superior than them of GI. 3) There were significant differenced in maximal oxygen consumption, maximal heart rate, and VO2LT between the two groups. However, there was not significant difference in HR(LT), and FEV1.0 between the two groups. 4) There were significant differences in TG, and HDL-C between the two groups, whereas no significant difference was found in blood glucose, insulin, free fatty acid, TC, and LDL-C between the two groups. The aforementioned results indicated that MCP had higher level of physical fitness than them of GI, concluding that the activities in the marathon club could enhance health and physical fitness and prevent aging. The efforts should put for the general individuals into participate sports club activities.

미국 교육감 선출제도의 특징과 시사점

황아란(Ah-Ran Hwang),박수정(Soo-Jung Park) 한국비교정부학회 2012 한국비교정부학보 Vol.16 No.2

In analyzing the background and features of the US direct election system of the superintendent, this study is intended to present the implications of the US system for the Korean system. This study covers the following: firstly, the background of the US superintendent election system, the progressive era reforms from the late 19th century to the early 20th, and the characteristics of education reforms after 1980s; secondly, concrete contents and cases of the US non-partisan election, which is quite similar to the South Korean system, and the US running-mate system, which is recently considered as an alternative; thirdly, the implications of the US system for the Korean system. This study concludes with the recommendation that like the US current system that the authority of state governors has strengthened in order to enhance consistency and accountability of educational policies, the South Korean superintendent election system should be changed based on educational autonomy’s value and orientation.

운동과 적혈구 노화와의 관계

최용어,윤탁영,홍경란 韓國體育大學校附屬 體育科學硏究所 1991 韓國體育大學校附屬 體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구는 노화의 정도에 따라 적혈구를 분리하고 장시간의 운동 스트레스가 노화에 미치는 영향을 알아 보고자, 고도로 훈련된 남자 마라톤 선수 3명을 대상으로 HRmax 80% 수준에서 지속적인 런닝을 실시하였다. 전혈에서 RBC, WBC, MCV, Hb, Hct를 측정하고, 적혈구 내에 존재하는 Protein Carboxyl O-Methyltransferase(PCM)을 정제하여 그 activity를 측정하고, 적혈구 막을 분리하여 그 구성 단백질에 대한 PCM 의 Methylatability를 측정하여 운동과 적혈구 노화와의 관계를 설명하고자 한다. 각 시간별, Rest(0분), Running(30, 60, 90, 120분), Recovery(10, 30분)에 혈액을 채혈하여, 전혈에서 RBC, WBC, MCV, Hb, Hct의 변화를 조사하고 (Hematology Analyzer 5), 적혈구를 분리하여 50% Prcoll과 0.154M Hypaque에 넣고 22,000??g에서 40분간 원심분리하면 11 -15개 정도의 적혈구 층이 노화된 정도에 따라 분류된다. 적혈구 세포내의 PCM을 정제하고, 적혈구 막(ghost)을 분리하여 방사성 동위원소 (??C-SAM)를 methyl donor로 하여 PCM activity와 적혈구 막에 대한 Methylatability를 측정하였다. 런닝 30분에 RBC수가 증가하였으며, WBC와 Hb은 운동하는 동안 높은 수준을 유지하였다. MCV와 Hct는 변화가 없었다. Percoll과 Hypaque를 이용하여 노화된 정도에 따라 적혈구를 분류하였으나, 각 층에 대한 세포수의 측정이 뒤따르지 못하여 적혈구 수의 증가 혹은 감소와의 관계를 직접 볼수 없었다. 적혈구 내에서 정제된 PCM activity 는 운동 스트레스에 의한 변화를 보이지 않음으로써 항상 full을 유지하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 적혈구 막에 대한 Methlatability변화는 운동전 26.77±0.32 units/mg.min에서 런닝 30분에 34.29±0.55 units/mg.min로 큰 증가를 보였으며 런닝하는 동안 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 이는 운동 스트레스가 적혈구 막단백질을 구성하는 아미노산에 영향을 미쳐 비정상의 L-isoaspartyl 잔기를 만들었음을 말해주는 것이며, 이것이 노화된 단백질의 수복기전과 일치한다. 즉 PCM이 비정상의 L-isoaspartyl 잔기를 메칠화시켜 정상의 L-aspartyl잔기로 수복시킴으로써 운동 스트레스에 의한 영향을 극복하고자 하는 것이다. 그러므로 장시간의 운동 스트레스가 주는 영향이 노화에 의한 현상과 일치함을 알수 있다. Our studies showed the separation method of erythrocyte according to aging process and the effect that influenced a long-time exercise stress to aging. Highly trained marathon runners (n=3) performed a prolonged running(2hours) at the level of HRmax 80% RBC,WBC,MCV, Hct was measured in a whole blood.Protein Carboxyl O-Methyltransferase(PCM) in the erythrocyte was purified from the cytosol and the activity was measured. Methylatability of erythrocyte membrance protein was measured during marathon performance and recovery phase. Therefore, we interpreted the relation of exercise and erthrocyte aging. The count of RBC increased at the running 30 min. WBC and Hb maintained at the high level during marathon running. MCV and Hct did not changed. Erythrocyte divided into 11-15bands by Percoll and Hypaque according to aging. Because the erythrocyte did not count numerically in different age-related fraction of human erythrocyte, we cannot show the change of erythrocyte count. PCM activity purified in erythrocyte did not change by exercise stress, this suggests that PCM is full at all times. Methylatability of erythrocyte membrane protein changed from 26.77±0.32 units/mg.min before exercise to 34.29±0.55 units/mg.min at 30min after exercise and maintained a high level of methylatability during a running. This suggests that abnormal L-isoaspartyl residues came into being in the membrane protein composition as a result of exercise stress and are repaired by the same mechanism as aging repair that is, PCM methylated abnormal L-isoaspartyl residues in membrane protein and repaired into normal L-aspartyl residues, which removed the effect of exercise stress. Therefore, this study showed that the effect by exercise stress is the same as that of aging process.

청소년의 스트레스 스트레스 대처방식과 위험행동

윤혜미(Hye Mee Yoon),박병금(Byung Kum Park),유정란(Jung Ran Ryu) 충북대학교 생활과학연구소 2005 생활과학연구논총 Vol.9 No.1

  Adolescents" risk behaviors have been studied in may ways. Unique developmental characteristics of adolescence and rapidly changing social environment have drawn attention to explore factors that influence adolescents" risk-taking behaviors. This study examined how stress and stress coping strategies of high school students influence their problem behavior such as internet abuse, smoking, drinking, running-away attempts, and suicidal thinking. Two hundred sixty eight self questionnaires were finally analyzed using SPSSWIN 10.0.   Results showed that adolescents" internet abuse rate(using internet for game and viewing pornography, covert use) was rather high among male adolescents. 23.7% of respondents have experienced smoking, 16.4% current smokers, 85.2% are drinkers with 33.6% binge drinkers, 18.8% have ever actually ran-away, 36.3% have thought about suicide, the data presented Avoidance coping and self-related stress are factors to influence adolescent smoking; family related stress, peer-related stress, and avoidance coping to running away; and elevation of overall stress is a factor to explain suicidal thinking among adolescents.   Limitations of the present study and ideas for the further research are suggested.

Evaluating snow cover changing trends of the Western Indian Himalaya

Seema Ran 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.1

The extent of snow cover in the Western Indian Himalaya determines the fluctuations in river discharge during the summer months and affects the water supply for hydroelectric generation, agriculture and related socioeconomic systems which further affect the livelihood of the population in the area and downstream. Despite this importance, there is a lack of information about this region primarily due to the complexities of the processes involved in snow hydrology and the lack of snow cover and depth data in the high elevation areas. Periodical monitoring of the snow cover area (SCA) is an indispensable demand for short-term forecasts of the daily river flows and seasonal forecasts of run-off volume. Therefore, this study is an attempt to assess the annual, seasonal and monthly variations in the extent of snow cover of the Western Indian Himalaya. SCA was estimated using the MODIS/Terra Snow Cover 8-Day L3 Global 500 m (MOD10A2) data for the period 2000–2015. Monthly composite maps of SCA were prepared from 8 days composite snow cover area maps for the Kashmir, Himachal and Kumaon Himalaya. The study found a reduction in snow cover in the Indian Western Himalaya. The inter-seasonal variation in SCA was also observed in the study area. The study found an inter-regional variations in the extent of snow cover in the Western Indian Himalaya during the period of analysis. Emerging changes in the extent of snow cover would influence the availability of water in the near future.