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Sang-Hyeok Yoon,Tangnuer Sadike,Jin-Rui Ding,Kyo Seon Kim 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.85 No.-
We demonstrate the cobalt phosphate (Co-Pi) modified 1-D WO3/BiVO4 nanowire heterojunctionphotoanode as oxygen evolution catalyst for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting application. WO3 nanowires were prepared byflame vapor deposition (FVD) process and BiVO4 nanoparticles werespin-coated on top of WO3 nanowires. In order to improve oxygen evolution kinetics, WO3/BiVO4heterojunction photoanode was modified by photo-assisted electrodeposition of Co-Pi. Co-Pi improvethe PEC water oxidation efficiency of 1 D-WO3/BiVO4 by reducing the charge recombination, facilitatingthe hole transfer and reducing the overpotential of oxygen evolution reaction. The optimum amount ofCo-Pi for high photocurrent density was proposed. The loaded Co-Pi has enhanced the overall PECperformance showing largely shifted onset potential ( 450 mV) with significantly increased photocur-rent (2.7 times at 1.23 V vs. RHE). The prepared composite photoanode of 1-D WO3/BiVO4/Co-Pi showsthe higher incident photon to current efficiency and applied bias photon-to-current efficiency thanwithout Co-Pi loading. We obtain the highest level of PEC performance with WO3/BiVO4/Co-Piheterojunction composite photoanode which is based on 1-D framework of WO3 prepared by facile, rapidand economical FVD in this study.
Rui Deng,Shi-min Wang,Tao Yin,Ting-hong Ye,Guo-bo Shen, Ling Li,Jing-yi Zhao,Ya-xiong Sang,Xiao-gang Duan,Yu-Quan Wei 한국유방암학회 2014 Journal of breast cancer Vol.17 No.1
Purpose: The universal organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)can be used as a differentiation inducer of many cancer cells andhas been widely used as a solvent in laboratories. However, itseffects on breast cancer cells are not well understood. The aimof this study is to investigate the effect and associated mechanismsof DMSO on mouse breast cancer. Methods: We appliedDMSO to observe the effect on tumors in a mouse breast cancermodel. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were tested byflow cytometry. Ex vivo tumor microenvironment was imitated by4T1 cultured cell conditioned medium. Enzyme-linked immunosorbentassays were performed to detect interleukin (IL)-10 andIL-12 expression in medium. To investigate the cytotoxicity ofDMSO on TAMs, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assays were performed. Results: We foundthat DMSO produced tumor retardation when injected into mouseperitoneal cavities in a certain concentration range (0.5–1.0 mg/g). Furthermore, as detected by flow cytometry, TAM subtypeswere found to be transformed. We further imitated a tumor microenvironmentin vitro by using 4T1 cultured cell conditionedmedium. Similarly, by using low concentration DMSO (1.0%–2.0% v/v), TAMs were induced to polarize to the classically activatedmacrophage (M1-type) and inhibited from polarizing intothe alternatively activated macrophage (M2-type) in the conditionedmedium. IL-10 expression in tumors was reduced, whileIL-12 was increased compared with the control. Furthermore, wereported that 2.0% (v/v) DMSO could lead to cytotoxicity in peritonealmacrophages after 48 hours in MTT assays. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that DMSO could exert antitumor effects in4T1 cancer-bearing mice by reversing TAM orientation and polarizationfrom M2- to M1-type TAMs. These data may providenovel insight into studying breast cancer immunotherapy.
Rui Wang,Pyo Lim,Lida Heng,Min Soo Kim,Sang Don Mun 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.10
Magnetic abrasive machining (MAM) is a machining technique in which magnetic fields are used to control abrasive tools during the machining process of a material. Due to the development of engineering technologies, various properties such as surface accuracy, dimensional accuracy, and lightweight materials are required in current engineering applications. This study proposes the development of a new ultra-high-speed magnetic abrasive machining technique with the goal of improving the dimensional accuracy, surface accuracy and weight of a material. Moreover, to reduce machining time, this machining method was developed using an ultra-high-speed spindle, capable of rotating up to 80000 rpm. In this study, Ti-6Al-4V (Eli) bars were used as cylindrical workpieces and were machined via magnetic abrasive machining processes with an ultra-high-speed spindle. Results showed that improvements in the diameter and quantity of removed material were the highest at an operational speed of 80000 rpm, followed by 40000 rpm, 20000 rpm and 2000 rpm. The initial surface roughness of 0.21 µm Ra was improved to 0.04 µm Ra at 80000 rpm for 75 seconds. To evaluate the machining capabilities of the ultra-high-speed MAM process in terms of surface roughness, a descriptive statistical method was used. Precision weight data, laser scan micrometer data, roundness data, surface roughness data, and AFM images of the machined surface were recorded and studied.
상서교(Sang, Rui-Jiao),조현빈(Jo, Hyun-Bin) 한국공안행정학회 2018 한국공안행정학회보 Vol.27 No.2
이 연구는 한국 경찰공무원의 비공식학습에 관련 요인의 영향관계를 규명하여 경찰조직 내에서 어떻게 효과적인 비공식학습이 이루어질 수 있는지를 설명하고자 하였다. 구체적으로는 경찰공무원들의 개인적 특성(유능감 경험, 현장학습 가치, 성과지향성, 학습지향성)과 관계적 특성(대인관계 기회, 멘토링 연결망, 팀소통 개방성)이 비공식학습에 직접적으로 정적인 영향을 미치는지, 개인적 특성과 비공식학습의 관계에서 관계적 특성이 매개효과를 가지는지를 검정하고자 한다. 연구의 모집단은 한국 전국 각 지역에서 근무하는 경찰공무원이며, Google 온라인 설문지를 이용해서 조사를 실시하였다. 설문지는 모두521부가 회수되었고, 불성실 응답 등을 제외하고 최종적으로 509부를 분석에 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 종속변수인 비공식학습에 영향을 미치는 요인들과의 관계성을 알아보고자 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 연구의 결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 한국 경찰공무원의 비공식학습은 대체적으로 양호한 수준으로 나타난다. 둘째, 경찰공무원의 개인적 특성 중 유능감 경험, 현장학습 가치, 학습지향성은 비공식학습에 정(+)의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 경찰공무원의 관계적 특성인 대인관계 기회, 멘토링 연결망, 그리고 팀소통 개방성 역시 모두 비공식학습에 정(+)의 상관관계를 가지고 있었다. 넷째, 경찰공무원의 관계적 특성은 개인적 특성(유능감 경험, 학습지향성) 이 비공식학습에 미치는 영향을 부분적으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 통하여 경찰의 직무현장에서 활용할 수 있는 비공식학습의 활성화 방안, 그리고 직무 효율성을 위한 개선 방안을 살펴보았다. The purpose of this study was to explain how informal learning of Korean Police Officers was done effectively by examining the variables concerned with informal learning. Concretely, we focused on whether personal characteristics and relational characteristics of police officers have directs effect on informal learning or have mediation effect. The population of this study was Korean police officers, and the questionnaires were distributed by a Google Forms. 521 police officers all over South Korea agreed to participate and answered the questionnaire. After data cleaning, 509 (97.7%) were used for analysis. To examine relations among variables, we accomplished correlation analysis, regression analysis and so on using the SPSS-22.0-Win statistics packages. The findings of this study were as follows: Firstly, the level of informal learning of Korean police officers was good state. Secondly, perceived level of competence, value of work-related learning and learning goal orientation had positive correlation with informal learning. Thirdly, personal relation opportunity, mentoring network and openness of team communication had positive correlation with informal learning. Finally, relational characteristics partially had mediated between personal characteristics and informal learning. We suggested vitalized plans of informal learning and improvement for job efficiency in Korean National Police Agency.