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Mechanical evaluation of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery: In vitro and in vivo
Rui Xuan Liu,Yu Ting He,Ling Liang,Liu Fu Hu,Yue Liu,Rui-xing Yu,Bo Zhi Chen,Yong Cui,Xin Dong Guo 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.114 No.-
In this study, we reported two types of PMNs based on polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA),respectively. Parafilm M film, porcine skin, and rats’ models were operated to evaluate the mechanicalproperties in vitro and in vivo to find optimal parameters for efficient insertion. Insertion depth was measuredusing Digital Force Gauge by changing insertion force and speed, respectively. Results showed thatincreasing the insertion force and speed used for PMNs application led to a significant increase in thedepth of insertion. A force of 18 N under a speed of 330 mm/min was the optimal condition for insertingPMNs array into ParafilmM film and porcine skin. In addition, PLA-MNs exhibited higher robustness andenhanced homogeneity in insertion depth compared with PVA-MNs, but PVA-MNs were able to reachmuch deeper insertion depth. Moreover, Sprague Dawley (SD) rat experiments confirmed the effectivenessof optimal insertion parameters for transdermal drug delivery. This study illustrated not only thedevelopment of novel PMNs but also the mechanical evaluation for the design of PMNs.
hARIP2 is a Putative Growth-promoting Factor Involved in Human Colon Tumorigenesis
Gao, Rui-Feng,Li, Zhan-Dong,Jiang, Jing,Yang, Li-Hua,Zhu, Ke-Tong,Lin, Rui-Xin,Li, Hao,Zhao, Quan,Zhang, Nai-Sheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20
Activin is a multifunctional growth and differentiation factor of the growth factor-beta (TGF-${\beta}$) superfamily, which inhibits the proliferation of colon cancer cells. It induces phosphorylation of intracellular signaling molecules (Smads) by interacting with its type I and type II receptors. Previous studies showed that human activin receptor-interacting protein 2 (hARIP2) can reduce activin signaling by interacting with activin type II receptors; however, the activity of hARIP2 in colon cancer has yet to be detailed. In vitro, overexpression of hARIP2 reduced activin-induced transcriptional activity and enhanced cell proliferation and colony formation in human colon cancer HCT8 cells and SW620 cells. Also, hARIP2 promoted colon cancer cell apoptosis, suggesting that a vital role in the initial stage of colon carcinogenesis. In vivo, immunohistochemistry revealed that hARIP2 was expressed more frequently and much more intensely in malignant colon tissues than in controls. These results indicate that hARIP2 is involved in human colon tumorigenesis and could be a predictive maker for colon carcinoma aggressiveness.
A Study on the Development of a Caddie Education Program for Golf Club in China
Du, Xin-Rui,Kim, Sung-Jun,Cho, Sang-Woo The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technolo 2019 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.36 No.2
The purpose of this study is to present a caddie education program that can improve the performance of golf caddies in China by comparing and analyzing the golf caddie education programs in South Korea and China. Caddie education programs were collected from 4 golf clubs, 3 professional caddie education institutions and 8 public institutions in South Korea and 6 golf clubs and 2 professional caddie education institutions in China. The following results were obtained. Although the caddie training in China is conducted over more time and term than in South Korea, it is necessary to have an education program considering golf expertise and quality of customer service. Therefore, the caddie education program in China is composed of golf related education(golf etiquette, golf practice skill), caddie duty training(safety management, customer service and image making), and training for caddie(fitness management, injury prevention, skin care, and cost-saving etc.). In the future, the Chinese golf club industry will has a potential to develop. In order to provide a consistent and systematic education, manual training on caddie education and training on caddie master to manage caddies should be conducted.
Xiaoming Rui,Rui Su,Xin Wu,Qidong Yin 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.6
In view of problems arising from the grid-connected wind turbine with the frequency converter, we propose a conceptual design ofgrid-connected wind turbine based on speed regulating differential mechanism (SRDM). The SRDM regulates its output speed andtorque self-adaptively referring to wind rotor and makes the synchronous generator (SG) keep a constant speed to output electricity insteady frequency without the normal frequency converter and it has excellent low voltage ride through (LVRT). This paper offers thekinematics and dynamics analysis of the designed wind turbine and builds the SIMULINK model based on FAST (fatigue, aerodynamics,structures and turbulence) software. The simulation of speed, torque and power of wind rotor under average wind speed of 12 m/s andturbulence intensity of 20% can verify the feasibility of the designed wind turbine.
Broadband multimode antenna and its array for wireless communication base stations
Rui Wu,Qing‐Xin Chu 한국전자통신연구원 2019 ETRI Journal Vol.41 No.2
A wideband dual‐polarized antenna coupling cross resonator is proposed for LTE700/GSM850/GSM900 base stations. An additional resonance is introduced to obtain strong coupling between the dipole and resonator. Moreover, the input impedance of the proposed antenna is steadily close to 50 Ω, which results in better impedance matching. Therefore, a wide bandwidth can be achieved with multiresonance. A prototype is fabricated to verify the proposed design. The measured results show that the antenna has a fractional bandwidth of 35.7% from 690 MHz to 990 MHz for |S11| < −15 dB. Stable radiation patterns as well as gain are also obtained over the entire operating band. Moreover, a five‐element antenna array with an electrical downtilt of 0° to 14° is developed for modern base station applications. Measurement shows that a wide impedance bandwidth of 34.7% (690 MHz to 980 MHz), stable HPBW (3‐dB beamwidth) of 65 ± 5°, and high gain of 13.8 ± 0.6 dBi are achieved with electrical downtilts of 0°, 7°, and 14°.
Effect of Muscle Soft Tissue on Biomechanics of Lumbar Spine under Whole Body Vibration
Rui-Chun Dong,Li-Xin Guo 한국정밀공학회 2017 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.18 No.11
The object of this study was to simulate effect of muscle soft tissue on resonant frequencies and configuration (deformation and displacement) of lumbar spine in vivo under whole-body vibration (WBV). The three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models of human body including skin, muscle soft tissue, viscera, ligaments, lumbar intervertebral disc (LID) and skeleton were created and validated. Modal analysis was performed by FE method. Results were that muscle soft tissue increased the resonant frequencies of lumbar spine. The first vertical resonant frequency (FVRF) changed greatly with the variation of Young’s modulus of muscle soft tissue in range of 0.01 MPa-0.15 MPa. Muscle soft tissue reduced the modal displacement of the lumbar spine. Especially the modal displacement in the anteroposterior direction was reduced by at least 40%. The risk injury area of lumbar was at low lumbar region under vertical WBV. The conclusions were that muscle soft tissue played a very important role in biomechanics of lumbar spine, and we could contract muscles of whole body for protection of lumbar spine under WBV with high vibration amplitude. The findings could be helpful in understanding the biomechanics of lumbar spine under WBV and offer potential references for spinal disease protection and orthopedics.