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A diverse family of type III polyketide synthases in <i>Eucalyptus</i> species
Rubin-Pitel, Sheryl B.,Luo, Yunzi,Lee, Jung-Kul,Zhao, Huimin Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Molecular bioSystems Vol.6 No.8
<P><I>Eucalyptus</I> species synthesize a wealth of polyketide natural products, but no relevant biosynthetic enzyme has been identified. Degenerate primers designed from conserved regions of fourteen chalcone synthase superfamily enzymes were used to isolate gene fragments from at least five different Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) in <I>E. camaldulensis</I> and <I>E. robusta</I>.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P><I>Eucalyptus</I> species produce numerous polyketides, but no relevant biosynthetic enzymes have been identified. Degenerate PCR was used to identify at least five different Type III polyketide synthases in <I>E. camaldulensis</I> and <I>E. robusta</I>. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c004992a'> </P>
Rubin, Leonard Roy Department of Mathematics 2009 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.49 No.4
Let X be a direct system of topological spaces and X its direct limit. We show that under certain conditions the direct limit of a "subsystem" of X embeds in a canonical way as a closed subspace of X.
Rubin Thapa Magar,송재경 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.1
Quercetin and its derivatives are important metabolites that belong to the flavonol class of flavonoids. Quercetin and some of the conjugates have been approved by the FDA for human use. They are widely distributed among plants and have various biological activities, such as being anticancer, antiviral, and antioxidant. Hence, the biosynthesis of novel derivatives is an important field of research. Glycosylation and methylation are two important modification strategies that have long been used and have resulted in many novel metabolites that are not present in natural sources. A strategy for modifying quercetin in E. coli by means of glycosylation, for example, involves overexpressing respective glycosyltransferases (GTs) in the host and metabolic engineering for increasing nucleoside diphosphate sugar (NDP-sugar). Still others have used microorganisms other than E. coli, such as Streptomyces sp., for the biotransformation process. The overall study of the structural activity relationship has revealed that modification of some residues in quercetin decreased one activity but increased others. This review summarizes all of the information mentioned above.
The Discovery of a Gravitationally Lensed Supernova Ia at Redshift 2.22
Rubin, D.,Hayden, B.,Huang, X.,Aldering, G.,Amanullah, R.,Barbary, K.,Boone, K.,Brodwin, M.,Deustua, S. E.,Dixon, S.,Eisenhardt, P.,Fruchter, A. S.,Gonzalez, A. H.,Goobar, A.,Gupta, R. R.,Hook, I.,Jee American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.866 No.1