Effect of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on Chlorophyll Content, Nodulation, and Plant Growth in Soybean

Roshan Sharma Poudyal,B. N. Prasad 韓國作物學會 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.4

Study on effectiveness of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], local cultivar 'Sathiya' were carried out in the garden soil of Trib-huvan University. Different parameters like nodulation, chlorophyll content in fresh leaves and growth of plant in inoculated and uninoculated plant was studied. Pot experiment was conducted in the green house to evaluate the effectiveness of B. japonicum on soybean. It was observed that B. japonicum inoculation increased the number of nodules, shoot length of plant and total chlorophyll content in fresh leaves of soybean plant. However, root length was decreased in all inoculated plants.

Amino acid/KI as multi-functional synergistic catalysts for cyclic carbonate synthesis from CO₂ under mild reaction conditions: a DFT corroborated study

Roshan, Kuruppathparambil Roshith,Kathalikkattil, Amal Cherian,Tharun, Jose,Kim, Dong Woo,Won, Yong Sun,Park, Dae Won The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Dalton Transactions Vol.43 No.5

<P>Naturally occurring amino acids were identified as efficient co-catalysts for the alkali metal halide-mediated synthesis of cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides under mild, solvent free reaction conditions. The binary system of histidine/potassium iodide gave an appreciable turnover number of 535 for propylene oxide in 3 h. Detailed studies evaluating a variety of amino acids revealed that the basic amino acids afforded better conversion rates. The formation of a seven membered ring involving the zwitterionic ends of the amino acid, the metal halide, and the epoxide was considered to accelerate the catalysis rate. Density functional theory calculations were performed for the first time on amino acid co-catalyzed cycloaddition to provide further evidence for this hypothesis. The iodide ions of the alkali metal halide displayed excellent synergism with the hydrogen bonding groups of the amino acids in the production of cyclic carbonates, whereas bromide and chloride anions functioned less efficiently. The utilization of amino acids to enhance the catalytic activity of the cheap and eco-friendly alkali metal halides for cyclic carbonate synthesis represents a cost-effective, greener route towards the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A DFT study of natural amino acid/KI catalyzed cyclic carbonate synthesis from carbon dioxide and epoxides under mild conditions. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3dt52830h'> </P>

Medicinal Chemistry : Fabrication, Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Doxorubicin-Loaded Water-in-Oil-in-Water Microemulsions Using a Membrane Emulsification Technique

( Roshan Pradhan ),( Yong Il Kim ),( Jee Heon Jeong ),( Han Gon Choi ),( Chul Soon Yong ),( Jong Oh Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) microemulsions were produced using a shirasu.porous.glass (SPG) membrane emulsification technique. Soybean oil was used as the oil phase; polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) or tetraglycerol polyricinoleate (TGPR) was used as the surfactant to stabilize the feed W/O emulsions, while Tween 20 was used in the external water phase to stabilize oil droplets containing water droplets. Increasing the feed pressure from 50 to 90 kPa increased the particle size of W/O/W emulsions, whereas it was decreased by increasing the agitator speed. The smallest particle sizes of multiple emulsions were obtained at the feed pressure of 50 kPa and agitator speed of 350 rpm. Under this set of conditions, the increase in the concentration of PGPR or TGPR showed a decrease in the particle size of DOX-loaded W/O/W emulsions. The optimized formulation comprising of 5% w/v PGPR and 3% w/v Tween 20 in the oil phase and external water phase, respectively, with 0.5% w/v of DOX had a particle size of 0.440 0.007 μm and polydispersity index of 0.220 0.087, which was supported by the transmission electron microscopy image. The formulations showed a sustained release profile in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4). The plasma concentrations of DOX after intravenous administration to rats were prolonged and gave approximately 17-fold higher area under the drug concentration.time curve (AUC) compared to free DOX solution. Thus, these results demonstrated that the SPG membrane emulsification technique could be used as a promising technique to prepare W/O/W microemulsions for delivering DOX with sustained release characteristics and better bioavailability.

Fabrication of a uniformly sized fenofibrate microemulsion by membrane emulsification

( Roshan Pradhan ),( Dong Won Lee ),( Han Gon Choi ),( Chul Soon Yong ),( Jong Oh Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0

Fenofibrate-loaded microemulsions composed of Labrafil M 1944 CS, Capryol PGMC and fenofibrate as the dispersed phase and Labrasol in demineralised water as the continuous phase were prepared by utilising a Shirasu-porous-glass (SPG) membrane emulsification technique. The process parameters were optimised by adjusting the feed pressure (15-45 kPa), agitator speed (250-800 rpm) and temperature of the continuous phase (25-45°C). As a result, narrowly distributed microemulsions were obtained via SPG membrane emulsification at an agitator speed of 250 rpm, a feed pressure of 30 kPa and a continuous phase temperature of 25°C. Furthermore, TEM images clearly showed that the microemulsionprepared by SPG membrane emulsification had a uniform, spherical morphology with a narrow size distribution. Our results indicated that the SPGmembrane emulsification technique is highly efficient for the preparation of narrowly distributed microemulsions with relatively smaller particle sizes compared with the common stirring method.

Microwave-assisted one pot-synthesis of amino acid ionic liquids in water: simple catalysts for styrene carbonate synthesis under atmospheric pressure of CO2

Roshan, K.,Jose, T.,Kim, D.,Cherian, K.,Park, D. Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Catalysis Science & Technology Vol.4 No.4

A novel variety of ionic liquids based on naturally occurring amino acids is expeditiously synthesized in water using microwave energy. The amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) exhibit eminent catalytic activities towards the synthesis of styrene carbonate from styrene oxide and carbon dioxide at atmospheric pressure. The synergistic interaction of the hydrogen-bonding groups with the nucleophile in the AAIL is believed to be the key factor behind the catalytic cycloaddition. Among the various kinds of AAILs tested, the basic AAILs were found to be the most efficient owing to the presence of extra amino groups that could activate the carbon dioxide molecule by formation of a carbamate salt. The AAILs showed appreciable reusability over four cycles without compromising the selectivity towards styrene carbonate synthesis and hence represents an easily synthesizable series of eco-friendly catalysts for CO2 fixation.

Preparation and evaluation of once-daily sustained-release coated tablets of tolterodine-L-tartrate

( Roshan Pradhan ),( Yong Ll Kim ),( Sun Woo Chang ),( Jong Oh Kim ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2014 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.24 No.0

In this study, once-daily, sustained-release matrix tablets of tolterodine l-tartrate (TOL) for treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) were prepared by direct compression using various amounts of hydrophilic polymers such as HPMC 2910 and HPMC 2208 along with other tablet excipients; the tablets were then coated. In vitro dissolution studies were carried out under different pH conditions. The dissolution data were fitted into zero-order, first-order, Higuchi and Korsemeyer-Peppas models to identify the pharmacokinetics and mechanism of drug release. Among the four formulations (F1-F4), the dissolution profiles of formulation F2 were most similar to the marketed product with similarity and difference factors of 70.25 and 1.59 respectively. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies were carried out in healthy human volunteers after oral administration of the prepared TOL sustained-release matrix-coated tablet and the marketed product. The results revealed that the pharmacokinetic parameters of AUC, Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, Kel, and MRT of TOL for the developed formulation (F2) were not significantly different from that for the marketed product, suggesting that they were bioequivalent. Therefore, the developed sustained-release tablet formulation of TOL could be an alternative dosage form to the SR capsule for treatment of OAB.ⓒ2013 Elsevier B. V.All rights reserved.

Long-Term Results of Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy by “Destandau’s Technique”

Roshan Bhaisare,Bhavna Kamble,Kisan Patond 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.2

Study Design: Prospective study. Purpose: The aim of the study was to present long-term results from a 10-year follow-up after endoscopic lumbar discectomy (ELD) by “Destandau’s technique”. Overview of Literature: Endoscopic disc surgery by Destandau’s technique using ENDOSPINE Karl Storz system is a relatively new technique. It was introduced in 1993. It has been gaining popularity among the spine surgeons, as it is attractive for small skin incision and allows a gentle and excellent tissue dissection with excellent visualization. Many authors have published results of their own studies; however, in all these studies the long-term follow up of the patients has not been emphasized. Methods: A total of 21 patients selected on basis of strict inclusion criteria’s underwent ELD from November 2004 to March 2005. Surgery outcome was assessed by using “Prolo’s Anatomic-Functional-Economic Rating System” (1986). Patients were followed up to 10 years. In addtion, we compared the results of our study with other studies. Results: Outcomes were excellent in 17 patients (80.95%), good in 3 (14.28%) and fair in 1 (4.78%), with no patients having a poor result. In our study, 19 patients (90.47%) were able to resume their previous works/jobs, and only 2 (9.52%) needed to change their jobs for lighter work. No patient retired from his or her previous daily routine following the operation. Conclusions: The initial and long-term results are very good for endoscopic lumbar discectomy by Destandau’s technique. In properly selected patients it is a safe and minimally invasive technique, and we recommend ELD in properly selected patients.

COMINIMAXNESS OF LOCAL COHOMOLOGY MODULES WITH RESPECT TO IDEALS OF DIMENSION ONE

Roshan-Shekalgourabi, Hajar The Honam Mathematical Society 2018 호남수학학술지 Vol.40 No.2

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring, a be an ideal of R and M be an R-module. It is shown that if $Ext^i_R(R/a,M)$ is minimax for all $i{\leq}{\dim}\;M$, then the R-module $Ext^i_R(N,M)$ is minimax for all $i{\geq}0$ and for any finitely generated R-module N with $Supp_R(N){\subseteq}V(a)$ and dim $N{\leq}1$. As a consequence of this result we obtain that for any a-torsion R-module M that $Ext^i_R(R/a,M)$ is minimax for all $i{\leq}dim$ M, all Bass numbers and all Betti numbers of M are finite. This generalizes [8, Corollary 2.7]. Also, some equivalent conditions for the cominimaxness of local cohomology modules with respect to ideals of dimension at most one are given.

Effects of strip-tilled cover cropping on the population density of thrips and predatory insects in a cucurbit agroecosystem

Roshan Manandhar,Koon-Hui Wang,Cerruti R.R. Hooks,Mark G. Wright 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.4

Strip-till cover cropping provides a structurally complex habitat (both diverse above ground vegetation and modified soil surface environment) in subsequent crops, which can contribute to suppressing herbivores in the cash crop, through either enhancing conservation biological control or altering herbivore behavior to the complex habitat. Two field trials (spring and autumn) were conducted to examine effects of strip-tilled cover crops (sunn hemp and marigold) on population densities of thrips (primarily, Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips palmi) and generalist predators (Orius spp. and ground beetles, Aephnidius spp.) in cucurbit plantings. The results showed that strip-tilled cover crop treatments reduced thrips densities on cucurbit crops compared to the conventional monoculture. The strip-tilled treatments suppressed thrips densities more consistently in the autumn than in the spring trial. The reduced densities of thrips in strip-tilled cover crop plots were not attributable to the enhanced activity of predatory insects, but were most likely due to the disruption of host locating ability of thrips. Our study showed that the strip-till cover cropping could be an effective pest management technique for sustainable cucurbit production.

TORSION MODULES AND SPECTRAL SPACES

Roshan-Shekalgourab, Hajar Korean Mathematical Society 2019 대한수학회논문집 Vol.34 No.1

In this paper we study certain modules whose prime spectrums are Noetherian or/and spectral spaces. In particular, we investigate the relationship between topological properties of prime spectra of torsion modules and algebraic properties of them.