Acupuncture on the Stress-Related Drug Relapse to Seeking

Roh, Hyo Sun,Park, Bo Ra,Jang, Eun Young,Kim, Jin Sook,Gwak, Young S. Hindawi 2018 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2018 No.-

<P>Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing disease, which causes serious social and economic problems. The most important trial for the successful treatment of drug addiction is to prevent the high rate of relapse to drug-seeking behaviors. Opponent process as a motivational theory with excessive drug seeking in the negative reinforcement of drug dependence reflects both loss of brain reward system and recruitment of brain stress system. The negative emotional state produced by brain stress system during drug withdrawal might contribute to the intense drug craving and drive drug-seeking behaviors via negative reinforcement mechanisms. Decrease in dopamine neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens and recruitment of corticotropin-releasing factor in the extended amygdala are hypothesized to be implicated in mediating this motivated behavior. Also, a brain stress response system is hypothesized to increase drug craving and contribute to relapse to drug-seeking behavior during the preoccupation and anticipation stage of dependence caused by the exposure to stress characterized as the nonspecific responses to any demands on the body. Acupuncture has proven to be effective for reducing drug addiction and stress-related psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Furthermore, acupuncture has been shown to correct reversible brain malfunctions by regulating drug addiction and stress-related neurotransmitters. Accordingly, it seems reasonable to propose that acupuncture attenuates relapse to drug-seeking behavior through inhibition of stress response. In this review, a brief description of stress in relapse to drug-seeking behavior and the effects of acupuncture were presented.</P>

대학생들의 우울장애에 관한 연구 : 유병율, 위험요인, 자살행동 및 기능장애

노명선,전홍진,이해우,이효정,한성구,함봉진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.5

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of major and minor depressive disorders in college students. Methods : A cross-sectional study was completed on a sample of 906 students (507 men and 399 women) with the self-administered form of Korean version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI). Results : Estimated 12-month prevalence of major depressive disorder was 4.2% in men and 9.5% in women, and that of minor depressive disorder was 15.4% in men and 23.2% in women. The factors, 'female gender' and 'age of 20-21', were significantly associated with major depressive disorder. 'Poor adaptation to school' was significantly associated with major depressive disorder both in men and women, but 'poor interpersonal relationship' and 'history of school withdrawal' were associated only in men. Idea of self-injury and suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation, plan and attempt) were significantly associated with major depressive disorder in women, but were not associated with minor depressive disorder. Conclusion : Major and minor depressive disorders are highly prevalent in the college students. Major depressive disorder was more associated with dysfunctions and suicidal behaviors than minor depressive disorder. Campus-based mental health service is needed for the high-risk students.

Clinical Characteristics of Febrile UTI First Developed Over 5 Years of Age

Roh, Da Eun,Suh, Hyo Rim,Min, So Yoon,Jo, Tae Kyoung,Baek, Hee Sun,Cho, Min Hyun Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology 2017 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.21 No.1

Purpose: Febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest bacterial infections in children. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of the first episode of febrile UTI occurring in children over 5 years compared to those in infants younger than a year. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 10 patients over 5 years, having febrile UTI, and 25 controls under 1 year. Clinical characteristics including symptoms at admission, the time interval between symptom onset and hospital visit and/or diagnosis, duration of fever, urinalysis, and other laboratory and imaging test results were compared between the two groups. Results: Most patients in the control group showed only high fever at the time of presentation to the hospital. However, 60% of the case group had fever along with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as abdominal and flank pain, vomiting, as well as relatively mild pyuria. The case group showed a longer duration between symptom onset and hospital visit and/or diagnosis. Conclusions: Delay in diagnosis and initiation of treatment of UTI increases the risk of permanent renal scarring and associated complications. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of febrile UTI is vital for very young infants, as well as children considering that febrile UTI could be an important cause of febrile illness in children over 5 years.

대학생들의 자살관련행동에 관한 연구

노명선,전홍진,이해우,이효정,한성구,함봉진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.1

Objectives : This study evaluated the prevalence of suicide-related behaviors (suicidal ideation, plan and attempt) and the status of depression, anxiety and function in college students. Methods : A cross-sectional study was completed to a sample of 880 students with the self-administered form of Korean version of the Mini International Neuropsychiathc Interview (K-MINI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results : Estimated lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation was 39.2%, that of suicidal plan was 4.7% and that of suicidal attempt was 3.0%. Students with any suicide-related behaviors showed higher lifetime prevalence of major and minor depression, higher BDI and BAI scores, and poor intemersonal relationship, adaptation to college life and physical health compared to the students with no suicide-related behaviors. The average points of grades during their college life were not significantly different according to kinds of suicide-related behaviors they expehenced (F=0.39, P=0.82). 96% of suicidal attempters did not use mental health services. Conclusion : Results suggest that a high proportion of college students experience suicide-related behaviors. The Stu-dents who had experienced suicide-related behaviors showed higher depression and anxiety and poorer function compared to students with no suicide-related behaviors. Most of suicidal attempters, however, did not use mental health service Establishing campus mental health system is necessary to early detect mental health problems and to prevent suicide of college students.

Ultrasonographic Indeterminate Lymph Nodes in Preoperative Thyroid Cancer Patients: Malignancy Risk and Ultrasonographic Findings Predictive of Malignancy

Roh-Eul Yoo,김지훈,배정모,황인평,강경미,윤태진,최승홍,손철호,Jung Hyo Rhim,Sun-Won Park 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.5

Objective: Proper management of lymph nodes (LNs) with ultrasonographic (US) indeterminate features in thyroid cancer patients remains elusive. We aimed to evaluate the malignancy risk and US findings predictive of malignancy for US indeterminate LNs in preoperative thyroid cancer patients through node-by-node correlation. Materials and Methods: A total of 348 LNs in 284 thyroid cancer patients, who underwent fine-needle aspiration or coreneedle biopsy between December 2006 and June 2015, were included. We determined the malignancy risks for US probably benign, indeterminate, and suspicious categories. For US indeterminate LNs, which had neither echogenic hilum nor hilar vascularity in the absence of any suspicious finding, US findings were compared between benign and metastatic LNs using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: US imaging diagnoses were probably benign in 20.7% (n = 72) cases, indeterminate in 23.6% (n = 82), and suspicious in 55.7% (n = 194). Malignancy risk of US indeterminate LNs (19.5% [16/82]) differed from those of the US probably benign (2.8% [2/72]) (p = 0.002) and US suspicious LNs (78.4% [152/194]) (p < 0.001). Among US indeterminate LNs, there were no significant differences in short, long, and long-to-short diameter (L/S) ratios between benign and metastatic LNs (3.9 vs. 3.8 mm, p = 0.619; 7.3 vs. 7.3 mm, p = 0.590; 1.9 vs. 1.9, p = 0.652). Conclusion: US indeterminate LNs were frequently encountered during preoperative evaluation and had intermediate malignancy risk. Given the lack of discriminative power of size criteria and L/S ratio, clinical factors such as surgical strategy and node size should be considered for proper triage of US indeterminate LNs in thyroid cancer.

임신성 당뇨 A1형과 A2형의 치료 후 임신 결과 및 신생아 예후 비교

강효정 ( Hyo Jeong Kang ),곽혜민 ( Hye Min Kwak ),김용석 ( Yong Seok Kim ),박진선 ( Jin Sun Park ),윤건 ( Gun Yoon ),최석주 ( Suk Joo Choi ),오수영 ( Soo Young Oh ),김종화 ( Jong Hwa Kim ),노정래 ( Cheong Rae Roh ) 대한산부인과학회 2010 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.53 No.8

목적: 한국인 임신성당뇨 A1형과 A2형 산모에서 치료 후 모체 및 신생아의 주산기 예후를 비교하고자 하였다. 연구 방법: 1996년 3월부터 2007년 9월까지 본원 산부인과에서 산전관리 중 임신성 당뇨로 진단받고 치료 후 분만한 산모를 대상으로 후향적 고찰을 하였다. 임신성 당뇨 A1군과 A2군으로 나누어 분만 이전의 당화혈색소 (hemoglobin A1c, HgbA1c) 수치, 임신 이전의 체질량지수 (body mass index, BMI) 산과적 합병증을 포함한 임신 및 주산기 예후를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 임신성당뇨 A1군은 57명이었고 A2군은 42명이었다. 두 군에서 나이, 분만력, BMI 등에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 진단 시 HgbA1c 수치가 임신성 당뇨 A1군에 비해 A2군에서 더 높았다. 두 군 간에 임신성 고혈압, 조기 진통, 조기 양막 파수, 견갑난산 등 일부 임신 합병증은 차이가 없었으나 A2군에서 A1군에 비해 제왕절개 분만의 빈도가 더 많았다. 또한 분만 시 임신 주수, 신생아 출생 체중, 아프가 점수, 신생아 호흡곤란 증후군, 신생아 일과성 빈호흡, 패혈증, 선천성 기형도 두 군 간에 차이가 없었으나 신생아 중환자실 입원 빈도가 A2군에서 A1군에 비해 더 많았다. 그리고 BMI와 HgbA1c 간의 상관 관계를 분석한 결과 BMI가 증가할수록 HgbA1c 수치가 증가하는 상관성을 보였다. 결론: 적절한 치료를 한 임신성당뇨 A2형은 임신성당뇨 A1형과 유사한 임신 예후를 보인다. Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) class A1 to those of GDM A2. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 99 women who were diagnosed as GDM during prenatal care and managed until delivery from March 1996 to September 2007. Subjects were grouped into GDM class A1 and class A2. The obstetric and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: There were 57 cases of GDM class A1 and 42 cases of GDM class A2. Hemoglobin A1c level of GDM A2 group was significantly higher than GDM A1 group. We could not find any significant difference in obstetric (body mass index, hypertensive disorder, preterm delivery, preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membrane) and neonatal outcomes (gestational age at delivery, macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of neonate, sepsis, Apgar score, congenital anomaly) between the two groups other than increased frequency of cesarean delivery and admission to neonatal intensive care unit in GDM A2 group. Conclusion: After proper management, overall pregnancy outcomes of women with GDM class A2 are comparable to those with GDM class A1.

Compound K attenuates stromal cell-derived growth factor 1 (SDF-1)-induced migration of C6 glioma cells

Hyuck Kim,Hyo Sun Roh,Jai Eun Kim,Sun Dong Park,Won Hwan Park,Jin-Young Moon 대한지역사회영양학회 2016 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.10 No.3

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Stromal cell-derived growth factor 1 (SDF-1), also known as chemokine ligand 12, and chemokine receptor type 4 are involved in cancer cell migration. Compound K (CK), a metabolite of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside by gut microbiota, is reported to have therapeutic potential in cancer therapy. However, the inhibitory effect of CK on SDF-1 pathway-induced migration of glioma has not yet been established. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cytotoxicity of CK in C6 glioma cells was determined using an EZ-Cytox cell viability assay kit. Cell migration was tested using the wound healing and Boyden chamber assay. Phosphorylation levels of protein kinase C (PKC)α and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were measured by western blot assay, and matrix metallopeptidases (MMP) were measured by gelatin-zymography analysis. RESULTS: CK significantly reduced the phosphorylation of PKCα and ERK1/2, expression of MMP9 and MMP2, and inhibited the migration of C6 glioma cells under SDF-1-stimulated conditions. CONCLUSIONS: CK is a cell migration inhibitor that inhibits C6 glioma cell migration by regulating its downstream signaling molecules including PKCα, ERK1/2, and MMPs.

소스 라우팅 기반의 이동 Ad-hoc 네트워크에서 안전한 데이터 전송 방법

노효선,정수환,Roh, Hyo-Sun,Jung, Sou-Hwan 한국통신학회 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.12c

본 논문은 MANET 환경에서 소스 라우팅 기반의 안전한 데이터 전송 방법에 대해서 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 제 3의 신뢰할 수 있는 키 분배 서버로부터 두 개의 해쉬키 체인을 사용하여 생성된 키를 키 서버와 데이터 전달에 참여하는 노드 간에 미리 설정된 비밀키를 사용하여 안전하게 전달하고, 각 노드 간에 데이터 전송시 키 서버로부터 수신한 해쉬키를 사용하여 MAC 코드를 생성함으로써 각 중간 노드마다 데이터를 인증하는 방식이다. 제안된 방법은 인증서 기반의 PKI를 사용하는 방법보다 간단하며, 비밀키 방식의 경우 임의의 ad-hoc 노드 제어들 간에 비밀키를 미리 설정해야하는 부담을 감소시켰다. This paper proposes a secure data forwarding scheme on source routing-based ad-hoc networks. The scheme uses two hash-key chains generated from a trusted third party to generate Message Authentication Codes for data integrity The selected MAC keys are delivered to the ad-hoc node using a pre-shared secret between the trusted third party and a node. The proposed scheme does not require the PKI, or the provisioning of the pre-shared secrets among the ad-hoc nodes.

Mass Balance 모델을 이용한 신축공동주택의 휘발성유기화합물 발생량 추정

심상효(Sang hyo Sim),김윤신(Yoon Shin Kim),김화선(Hwa-Sun Kim),이철민(Cheol Min Lee),이송권(Young-Man Roh),노영만(Song kwon Lee) 한국실내환경학회 2006 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.3 No.3

This study was performed to estimate the emission rate of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and to evaluate the risk level affected by indoor air pollutants (IAPs) in 27 new apartments (prior to residence) in Seoul City from December 2004 to March 2005. The indoor air pollutants investigated in this study include formaldehyde, several aromatic VOCs (benzene, toluene, styrene, xylene, and ethylbenzene). All measurements were made based on the standard method of Ministry of Environment in Korea. The indoor concentration levels for benzene, xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, and formaldehyde have significant increase trend 5 hours after closing windows and doors. Levels of air pollutants did not exhibit significant difference between living rooms and bedrooms. The air exchange rates by the concentration decay method using SF6 were 0.37 for low floor, 0.32 for middle floor, and 0.75 for high floor. The emission rate showed the highest level in the middle floor and second one in the low floor, when estimated by the IAQ model for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene, and formaldehyde. Considering the above result, it is suggested that the estimation of emission rate be considered when the new apartment is designed and constructed with respect to construction materials to emit low VOCs. Moreover, the related regulation should be established for IAQ management.

Highly Sensitive Spin-Valve Sensors Integrated with a Microfluidic Channel for a Chip-cytometer

Jong Wook Roh,Young Taek Lee,Sun Gu Yi,Kyoung-Il Lee,Oh-Taek Son,Hyo-Il Jung,Wooyoung Lee 한국자기학회 2007 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-