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Wang Xilin, Human Suffering, and Compositional Trends in Twenty-First Century China93
John O. Robison 아시아음악학회 2019 Asian Musicology Vol.30 No.-
After being unjustly imprisoned during the Cultural Revolution, Wang Xilin intensively studied the music of modern European composers during the 1980s, once the Chinese government allowed access to this material. Immersing himself in the music of composers ranging from Stravinsky to Penderecki for almost a decade, Wang was able to find his distinctive voice as a composer around 1990, and since that time most of his major works have dealt with the theme of conflict between oppressed individuals and their oppressors. With symphonic compositions related to such topics as the ancient Chinese practice of filing a petition (Symphony no. 8), and the general conflict between the downtrodden individual and their authoritative oppressor (Concerto for piano and orchestra), Wang has not been particularly popular with the Chinese government. Composing in an intercultural style that mixes Chinese with Western elements, Wang, is concerned with all forms of injustice, composing music which expresses human suffering and future hope for humanity in a highly original way.
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Indonesian Influences in the Music of Elaine Barkin
John O. Robison 아시아음악학회 2016 Asian Musicology Vol.26 No.-
Born in 1932, Elaine Barkin completed her doctoral degree in composition and theory at Brandeis University (1971), where she studied with Irving Fine, Harold Shapero, Arthur Berger, and Seymour Shifrin. In 1956-57, she further established herself in the contemporary music world by working at the Berlin Hochschule für Musik on a Fulbright Fellowship. Her main distinction as a composition and theory professor comes from her long career at the University of California in Los Angeles (1974-97), where she had the opportunity to collaborate with well- established intercultural composers such as Roy Travis and the school’s world- famous ethnomusicology faculty. In the 1980s, Barkin’s progressive compositional style was revitalized through her new interest in Indonesian gamelan music. In addition to participating in UCLA’s world-renowned Javanese and Balinese gamelan ensembles, she used a University of California Pacific Rim Research Grant as the opportunity to make five trips to Indonesia for the purpose of studying new music for gamelan. The ultimate products of her new interest include Indonesian-influenced compositions for Western instruments, music combining Indonesian with Western instruments, and works written exclusively for mixed gamelan instruments. Some of Barkin’s most impressive works in this realm are Lagu Kapal Kuning (originally for four- tone gamelan anklung and revised for five-tone gamelan anklung), Touching All Bases/Di Mana Mana for Balinese gamelan, double bass, and electronic percussion, and Legong Dreams for solo oboe, which freely utilizes figurations taken from Balinese legong dance melodies. Particular emphasis is placed on Gamélange for harp and mixed Balinese and Javanese gamelan (1993), an impressive composition that effectively combines the slendro/pelog scales and various Balinese/Javanese instruments (including kantilan, calung, ceng-ceng, bonang, saron) with fascinating writing for the solo harp.
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Mechanics behind Breast Cancer Prevention - Focus on Obesity, Exercise and Dietary Fat
Alegre, Melissa Marie,Knowles, McKay Hovis,Robison, Richard A.,O'Neill, Kim Leslie Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4
Cancer prevention is rapidly emerging as a major strategy to reduce cancer mortality. In the field of breast cancer, significant strides have recently been made in the understanding of underlying preventive mechanisms. Currently, three major strategies have been linked to an increase in breast cancer risk: obesity, lack of physical exercise, and high levels of saturated dietary fat. As a result, prevention strategies for breast cancer are usually centered on these lifestyle factors. Unfortunately, there remains controversy regarding epidemiological studies that seek to determine the benefit of these lifestyle changes. We have identified crucial mechanisms that may help clarify these conflicting studies. For example, recent reports with olive oil have demonstrated that it may influence crucial transcription factors and reduce breast tumor aggressiveness by targeting HER2. Similarly, physical exercise reduces sex hormone levels, which may help protect against breast cancer. Obesity promotes tumor cell growth and cell survival through upregulation of leptin and insulin-like growth factors. This review seeks to discuss these underlying mechanisms, and more behind the three major prevention strategies, as a means of understanding how breast cancer can be prevented.
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Thomas B. Pepinsky,Erik Martinez Kuhonta,Dan Slater,Tuong Vu,Barbara Geddes,Duncan McCargo,Richard Robison 동아시아연구원 2010 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.10 No.2
Comparative politics has witnessed periodic debates between proponents of contextually sensitive area studies research and others who view such work as unscientific,noncumulative, or of limited relevance for advancing broader social science knowledge. In Southeast Asia in Political Science: Theory, Region, and Qualitative Analysis, edited by Erik Martinez Kuhonta, Dan Slater, and Tuong Vu, a group of bright, young Southeast Asianists argue that contextually sensitive research in Southeast Asia using qualitative research methods has made fundamental and lasting contributions to comparative politics. They challenge other Southeast Asianists to assert proudly the contributions that their work has made and urge the rest of the comparative politics discipline to take these contributions seriously. This symposium includes four short critical reviews of Southeast Asia in Political Science by political scientists representing diverse scholarly traditions. The reviews address both the methodological and the theoretical orientations of the book and are followed by a response from the editors.
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