Generate Optimal Number of Features in Mobile Malware Classification using Venn Diagram Intersection

Ismail, Najiahtul Syafiqah,Yusof, Robiah Binti,MA, Faiza International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.7

Smartphones are growing more susceptible as technology develops because they contain sensitive data that offers a severe security risk if it falls into the wrong hands. The Android OS includes permissions as a crucial component for safeguarding user privacy and confidentiality. On the other hand, mobile malware continues to struggle with permission misuse. Although permission-based detection is frequently utilized, the significant false alarm rates brought on by the permission-based issue are thought to make it inadequate. The present detection method has a high incidence of false alarms, which reduces its ability to identify permission-based attacks. By using permission features with intent, this research attempted to improve permission-based detection. However, it creates an excessive number of features and increases the likelihood of false alarms. In order to generate the optimal number of features created and boost the quality of features chosen, this research developed an intersection feature approach. Performance was assessed using metrics including accuracy, TPR, TNR, and FPR. The most important characteristics were chosen using the Correlation Feature Selection, and the malicious program was categorized using SVM and naive Bayes. The Intersection Feature Technique, according to the findings, reduces characteristics from 486 to 17, has a 97 percent accuracy rate, and produces 0.1 percent false alarms.

Insight into hydrophobic interactions between methyl ester sulfonate (MES) and polyacrylamide in alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding

Saiful Hafiz Habib,Dina Kania,Robiah Yunus,Badrul Hisham Mohamad Jan,Dayang Radiah Awang Biak,Rabitah Zakaria 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.11

The interaction between methyl ester sulfonate (MES) surfactant and polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer in alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding due to electrostatic charges and hydrophobicity of both elements at the interface was investigated. In the ASP flooding, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were used as alkali. At high PAM concentrations, the strong hydrophobic interaction between the PAM backbone and the carbon chain of MES destabilizes surfactant packing at the interface, increasing interfacial tension (IFT). The higher conductivity value of the ASP slug (15mS/cm) compared to the alkali-surfactant (AS) slug (7 mS/cm) indicates a strong electrostatic interaction caused by the rapid mobilization of free surfactant molecules across the PAM backbone at the water– oil interface. The lowest IFT value for ASP flooding was 0.28 mN/m. Sand pack flooding tests showed that the optimum PAM concentration in ASP flooding was 1,000 ppm, resulting in a 20-35% oil recovery. A negative effect of PAM on the oil recovery was observed at a higher PAM concentration of 9,000 ppm. IFT and mobility ratios were irregularly related to the oil recovery. At 1,000 ppm PAM, the oil recovery for ASP slug with MES and commercial surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was 25% and 20%, respectively, indicating that MES is superior to SDS.

SIMULTANEOUS OPTIMIZATION OF FOUR PARAMETERS IN THE STACK UNIT OF A THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR

NOR ATIQAH ZOLPAKAR,NORMAH MOHD-GHAZALI,ROBIAH AHMAD 대한설비공학회 2014 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.22 No.2

Thermoacoustic refrigerators are environmentally friendly cooling systems that use no refrigerants. Optimization of the performance of any cooling system is crucial for an efficient energymanagement. Most of the optimization techniques in thermoacoustic systems utilized to dateinvolved experimental and numerical parametric studies which are generally limited to the variationsof the parameters to be optimized at discrete values. This study reports on the optimizationof a thermoacoustic refrigerator using multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). Thestudy introduces the ability of MOGA to optimize four different variables which are length ofstack, center position of stack, blockage ratio and drive ratio simultaneously. The four variablesare optimized to achieve the two objectives; a maximum cooling and minimum acoustic powerrequired at the stack and provide the optimum coefficient of performance, COP. The results showthat the optimum COP ¼ 1:35 with a cooling power of Qc¼ 6:57 W, acoustic power ofWn¼ 4:86W and with the resonator diameter of D ¼ 3:8 cm.

Investigation on the Dielectric, Physical and Chemical Properties of Palm Oil and Coconut Oil under Open Thermal Ageing Condition

Nur Aqilah Mohamad,Norhafiz Azis,Jasronita Jasni,Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir,Robiah Yunus,Mohd Taufiq Ishak,Zaini Yaakub 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.3

In this paper, a study is carried out to investigate the dielectric, physical and chemical properties of Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO) under open thermal ageing condition. The type of PO used in this study is Refined Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) Olein. The ageing experiment was carried out at 85 °C and 115 °C for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days. Several parameters were measured such as AC breakdown voltage, dielectric dissipation factor, relative permittivity, resistivity, viscosity, moisture and acidity throughout the ageing duration. Based on the study, it is found that there are no significant changes on the AC breakdown voltages and relative permittivities for both RBDPO and CO. At ageing temperature of 115°C, there are clear reduction trends of dielectric dissipation factor for CO and resistivities for most of RBDPO. On the other hand, no clear trends are observed for viscosities, moisture and acidities of RBDPO and CO throughout the ageing duration.

Atomisation and vacuum drying studies on Malaysian honey encapsulation

Nurul Aisyah Rosli,Boon-Beng Lee,Khairul Farihan Kasim,Sharifah Robiah Mohamad 한국식품저장유통학회 2023 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.30 No.4

Malaysian honey is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, which can be a healthy alternative to refined sugar in food production. However, liquid honey’s viscous and sticky nature makes it unpreferable in industrial handling. This study, an atomization system coupled with vacuum drying to produce honey powders to overcome the problem. Three types of Malaysian honey, namely Acacia, Gelam, and Tualang, were encapsulated in Ca-alginate gel beads using the atomization system. The density viscosity, and surface tension of the honey-alginate solutions were measured, and the concentration of honey and alginate influenced the physical properties of the solutions. Honey-encapsulated gel beads in the size range of 2.16-2.92 mm were produced using the atomization system with the air-liquid mass flow rate ratios of 0.22-0.31, Weber number (We) of 112-545, and Ohnersorges number (Oh) of 0.35-10.46. Gel bead diameter can be predicted using a simple mathematical model. After vacuum drying, the honey gel powder produced was in the size range of 1.50-1.79 mm. Results showed that honey gel powders with good encapsulation efficiency and high honey loading could be produced using the atomization system and vacuum drying.

Evaluation on the Lightning Breakdown Voltages of Palm Oil and Coconut Oil under Non-Uniform Field at Small Gap Distances

Yee Von Thien,Norhafiz Azis,Jasronita Jasni,Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir,Robiah Yunus,Mohd Taufiq Ishak,Zaini Yaakub 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.1

In recent years, there are a number of studies that have been carried out to explore the alternative for Mineral Oil (MO) as dielectric insulating fluid in transformers due to the increasing tight regulation on safety and environment. Vegetable oils have been identified as suitable candidate since it is biodegradable, non-toxic and high flash/fire points which ensure more in-service safety. Among the types of vegetable oils considered for transformers application are Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO). This paper presents an experimental study on the lightning breakdown voltages of PO and CO under non-uniform electric field based on needle-sphere electrodes configuration at 3 small gap distances. The type of PO used in this study is Refined Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) Olein. The main focus of this study is to examine the lightning breakdown performance of RBDPO and CO under different test conditions and assess its suitability as dielectric insulating fluid in transformers. The effect of voltage polarities (positive and negative) and testing methods (risingvoltage, up-and-down and multiple-voltage) were investigated. The data obtained from all tests were analysed by Weibull distribution in order to determine the withstand voltages for each type of oils. It was found that the breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO are comparable with MO under positive lightning impulse. Under negative lightning impulse, the breakdown voltage of MO is slightly higher than RBDPO and CO. There is no significant effect of testing methods and voltage polarities on lightning breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO. Based on the statistical analysis, it is found that the breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO at 1% probability are slightly lower than MO.

Effects of Two-Phase Flow Friction Factor Correlations on the Optimal Pressure Drop-Martinelli Parameter Pair in a Mini-Channel

Mohd Ghazali, Normah,Pamitran, Agus Sunjarianto,Jong-Taek, Oh,Ahmad, Robiah,Rabin, Muhammad Khairul Fitkry Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2016 Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol.819 No.-

<P>Substantial research has been completed with more on-going on the flow pattern and heat transfer associated with two-phase flows. Discrepancies reported may have been as much as agreements, due to the different models, approaches, flow regimes, correlations, and new working fluids being utilized. This paper reports the outcome of a study to look at the effects of applying two different friction factor correlations on the simultaneous minimization of the pressure drop and Martinelli parameter under optimized flow rate and vapor quality, using genetic algorithm. The homogeneous model is assumed with ammonia as the working fluid, the coolant being environmentally friendly and having recently discovered as a potential replacement for the current refrigerants in micro and mini-channels. Results show that significant differences in the frictional pressure drop and Martinelli parameter arise due to the different correlations used, and this is only the outcome from two different correlations currently being considered by researchers in pressure drop analysis for two-phase flows in mini-channels. Thus, absolute agreement is indeed not possible between theoretical, experimental, and numerical work in view of the many different available correlations being utilized today with differences between 10 to 100 percent that has already been established.</P>

Evaluation on the Lightning Breakdown Voltages of Palm Oil and Coconut Oil under Non-Uniform Field at Small Gap Distances

Thien, Yee Von,Azis, Norhafiz,Jasni, Jasronita,Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab,Yunus, Robiah,Ishak, Mohd Taufiq,Yaakub, Zaini The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.1

In recent years, there are a number of studies that have been carried out to explore the alternative for Mineral Oil (MO) as dielectric insulating fluid in transformers due to the increasing tight regulation on safety and environment. Vegetable oils have been identified as suitable candidate since it is biodegradable, non-toxic and high flash/fire points which ensure more in-service safety. Among the types of vegetable oils considered for transformers application are Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO). This paper presents an experimental study on the lightning breakdown voltages of PO and CO under non-uniform electric field based on needle-sphere electrodes configuration at 3 small gap distances. The type of PO used in this study is Refined Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) Olein. The main focus of this study is to examine the lightning breakdown performance of RBDPO and CO under different test conditions and assess its suitability as dielectric insulating fluid in transformers. The effect of voltage polarities (positive and negative) and testing methods (rising-voltage, up-and-down and multiple-voltage) were investigated. The data obtained from all tests were analysed by Weibull distribution in order to determine the withstand voltages for each type of oils. It was found that the breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO are comparable with MO under positive lightning impulse. Under negative lightning impulse, the breakdown voltage of MO is slightly higher than RBDPO and CO. There is no significant effect of testing methods and voltage polarities on lightning breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO. Based on the statistical analysis, it is found that the breakdown voltages of RBDPO and CO at 1% probability are slightly lower than MO.

Investigation on the Dielectric, Physical and Chemical Properties of Palm Oil and Coconut Oil under Open Thermal Ageing Condition

Mohamad, Nur Aqilah,Azis, Norhafiz,Jasni, Jasronita,Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab,Yunus, Robiah,Ishak, Mohd Taufiq,Yaakub, Zaini The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.3

In this paper, a study is carried out to investigate the dielectric, physical and chemical properties of Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO) under open thermal ageing condition. The type of PO used in this study is Refined Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) Olein. The ageing experiment was carried out at 85 ℃ and 115 ℃ for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days. Several parameters were measured such as AC breakdown voltage, dielectric dissipation factor, relative permittivity, resistivity, viscosity, moisture and acidity throughout the ageing duration. Based on the study, it is found that there are no significant changes on the AC breakdown voltages and relative permittivities for both RBDPO and CO. At ageing temperature of 115℃, there are clear reduction trends of dielectric dissipation factor for CO and resistivities for most of RBDPO. On the other hand, no clear trends are observed for viscosities, moisture and acidities of RBDPO and CO throughout the ageing duration.