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Reuben Tamakloe,Dongjoo Park(박동주) 대한교통학회 2021 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.85 No.-
Despite the numerous benefits inherent in the use of motorcycles, they are associated with the highest fatalities, particularly in Asia. Besides, although crashes can occur at any time and place, research shows some spatio-temporal trends in crash data exists and can be harnessed to understand factors influencing crashes at a more detailed level. Nevertheless, studies investigating the factors influencing motorcycle crashes in these critical areas are non-existent. This study explores the associations between risk factors influencing fatal motorcycle crashes at critical crash locations in Korea using crash data spanning 2012 to 2017 and comprising fatal motorcycle crashes on urban and rural roads in the country. The investigation was performed by first identifying crash observations that occurred at critical locations based on the frequency of motorcycle crashes. Using a robust data mining technique and appropriate thresholds, strong rules comprising chains of factors influencing crashes based on the riders" fault were identified. From the analysis results, it was identified that most critical locations are located in Seoul, and newly critical locations were found in the peripheral cities of Seoul. In general, most chains of factors influencing motorcycle safety at critical locations included freight trucks, intersections, and safety distance violations. At-fault motorcycle crashes were likely to occur on Saturdays due to reckless riding. Besides, not-at-fault motorcycle crashes are likely to be rear-ended and head-on collisions. Based on the findings of the study, several engineering, enforcement, and education-related policy recommendations were provided for both local and international use.
Reuben Chee Cheong Soh,D. Khawn Tawng,Arjandas Mahadev 대한정형외과학회 2013 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.5 No.1
Background: The management of the pulseless perfused hand in association with a supracondylar humerus fracture following operative stabilisation remains controversial. Previous authors have suggested the use of color-flow duplex monitoring, magnetic resonance angiography and segmental pressure monitoring as objective steps to ascertain blood flow following adequate internal fixation. We examine the use of the waveform of the pulse oximeter in objectively determining a perfused limb and in predicting the need for surgical exploration in patients who present with a pulseless perfused hand after operative stabilisation for supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Methods: A retrospective review of all supracondylar fractures over a 60 month duration (2005-2009) in our instituition was performed. Each electronic record was reviewed and limbs which had absent radial pulse following admission were identified. X-ray films of each of the patients were reviewed. A search using the Pubmed database was performed with the following keywords, supracondylar humerus fracture, pediatric, pulseless, vascular injury, arterial repair. Results: In this series of pulseless perfused hands following operative fixation of supracondylar fracture, a total of 26 patients were reviewed. All were Gartland grade III extension type fractures. Postoperative pulse oximeter waveforms were present in all but 4 patients. These patients subsequently had exploration of the brachial artery with significant findings. In the remaining 22 patients, waveforms were present and the child had return of the radial pulse soon after operative fixation without any further need for surgical exploration. At 24 months follow-up, all children were well with no neurovascular compromise. Conclusions: The presence of a waveform on a pulse oximeter is a sensitive and easily available modality in determining vascular perfusion as compared to other more complex investigations. The high sensitivity of this test will allow surgeons to objectively determine the requirement for surgical exploration of the brachial artery.