http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Ratna EKASARI(Ratna EKASARI ),Abdul GHOFUR(Abdul GHOFUR ),Donny ARIF(Donny ARIF ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.1
MSMEs encountered several issues during the COVID-19 pandemic, including decreased sales and capital, difficulties in distribution, trouble obtaining raw materials, decreased production, and employee layoffs. These issues posed a threat to the national economy. The final effect was the company’s bankruptcy as a result of its failure to survive a pandemic, which led to the company’s downfall. This research aims to find out and analyze MSMEs’ business strategy and innovation to maintain their business during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research is qualitative. Researchers got data using interviews, observation, and documentation. The analysis of this research is descriptive. To draw customers during the COVID-19 pandemic, MSMEs use social media or digital marketing, followed by the delivery of orders, promotions, or discounts and the creation of freebies. MSMEs develop new products as part of their ongoing efforts to expand their businesses while upholding standards for quality, value, and customer service. They also adapt to changing consumer tastes and popular food trends while showcasing some of their most intriguing products.
Inheritance of Resistance to Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Silkworm, Bombyx mori
( Ratna Sen ),( S. K. Ashwath ),( R. K. Datta ) 한국잠사학회 2001 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.3 No.2
Inheritance pattern of resistance to Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) was studied in an Indian silkworm stock TX by single back-cross test method. The resistant parent [TX], susceptible parent [HM], their Fl, F2, and Fl progeny back-crossed to TX [BC(R)] and HM [BC(S)] were inoculated per os with a fixed concentration of BmNPV (0.5×10(7) PIB/ml) on the first day of second stadium. The cumulative mortality was recorded until day 10th post-inoculation. The results show that the resistance to BmNPV in TX fellow mono Mendelian inheritance pattern. The resistance dominated over the susceptibility at Fl. At F2, the resistant and susceptible offspring segregated in 3:1 ratio whereas at BC(S), the resistant and susceptible offspring segregated in 1:1 ratio. The response of BC(R) was more or less like the resistant parent TX which confirms the involvement of a major dominant gene conferring resistance to BmNPV in TX. The possible mechanism of inheritance of resistance in TX is discussed.
Self-Assembled Monolayer Treated ZnO by Benzoic Acid Derivatives in Organic Solar Cells
( Ratna Dewi Maduwu ),김동근,진호철,( Sabrina Aufar Salma ),김주현 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecule derivatives from benzoic acid, such as 4-methoxybenzoic acid (MBA), 4-tertbutylbenzoic acid (BBA), and 4-fluorobenzoic acid (FBA), have different dipole orientation and magnitude. In this study, these benzoic acid derivatives were used as an electron injection/transporting layer in inverted type organic solar cells (OSCs) with a structure of ITO/SAM treated ZnO/active layer (P3HT:PC<sub>61</sub>BM)/MoO<sub>3</sub>/Ag, and then the performances of each are compared. The results showed that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the open circuit voltage (Voc) values of the devices based on ZnO/MBA and ZnO/BBA treated ZnO showed better performances than other devices. This can be caused by the direction of dipole moment of benzoic acid derivatives. Accordingly, this work provides an alternative strategy to improve the interface property between inorganic and organic materials in organic electronic devices by SAM treatment on the ZnO surface
Ratna EKASARI,I Made Laut Mertha JAYA 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.12
The COVID-19 pandemic struck several countries in 2020. After the government officially announced that individuals will be working from home, shut public service agencies, and compelled people to wear masks and maintain social distance, several hundred business actors were forced to shut down their firms. The purpose of this study is to help companies determine the steps for a new marketing strategy for healthy food products in Indonesia. The number of samples was 500 respondents. The variance-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method was used to conduct this investigation, which was similar to a marketing study. The findings show that in Indonesia, lifestyle and price perceptions influence healthy food product purchasing decisions. Meanwhile, brand awareness and customer attitudes had no bearing on healthy food products purchase decisions. The novelty of this study stems from the discovery of new opportunities for business players to market healthy food products during the current COVID-19 period. This opportunity arises as a result of changes in customer lifestyles and price perceptions, both of which must be taken into account by organizations to offer nutritious food items at reasonable rates in Indonesia.
An Empirical Study on Business Ethics in Manufacturing Sector
Ratna, Rajnish,Chawla, Saniya,Arora, Isha KNU The Institute of Management Economy Research 2013 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.4 No.2
Ethics involves distinguishing between what is right or wrong thereby making a correct choice. An organization should treat its internal as well as external stakeholders ethically. This research gives valuable insights on the prevailing ethical climate and potential organizational challenges in institutionalizing ethics and its management in the manufacturing sector. The present study is designed to analyze four parameters of ethical climate in the manufacturing sector with reference to different managerial levels, to identify the critical factor of the ethical code of conduct and to find correlations between four parameters of ethical climate. Descriptive research has been used and data are collected from 200 employees of three Indian companies of manufacturing sector using a well designed questionnaire. Analyzing data with SPSS, It has been found that overall good number of people believe that MBE (Management of Business Ethics) process is well implemented. People are well aware and trained and involved in the ethical process. Senior management is very much committed to promote the ethical environment in the organization and thus company values are well communicated to the employees. Concern resolution mechanism is well established in the organization. MBE in the organization is more prevalent in higher-level employees. Senior management commitment and reinforcement is very critical for CoC (code of conduct). Correlation between all the 4 parameters is positive and significant. But the parameters are not highly correlated with each other. Organizations need to work upon these parameters to promote an ethical climate in the organization by awarding or felicitating exemplary ethical behavior. More emphasis should be given on senior management commitment and reinforcement of the ethical behavior across all levels.