Silymarin attenuates escitalopram (cipralex) induced pancreatic injury in adult male albino rats: a biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical approach

Rasha Mamdouh Salama(Rasha Mamdouh Salama ),Sara Gamal Tayel(Sara Gamal Tayel ) 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.1

Depression is a prevalent global problem since ages, predominately treated with SSRI. Cipralex, is an antidepressant of the SSRIs class used as a remedy for mood, depression and anxiety. Silymarin (SIL), a natural free radical scavenging, has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This hypothesis evaluates, for the first time, the role of cipralex on the structure of the endocrine and exocrine components of the pancreas and assess the beneficial effects of SIL on these changes. Forty-five rats were divided into control, cipralex, and cipralex plus SIL groups. During sacrifice, all rats and pancreases were weighed and the ratio of pancreatic weight (PW) to rat weight (RW) was calculated, blood samples were collected to estimate fasting glucose, insulin and amylase levels, the specimens were prepared for histological, immunohistochemical (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS], tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], caspase 3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA], and anti-insulin antibody), and morphometrical studies. Cipralex group exhibited marked destruction of the pancreatic architecture of the exocrine and endocrine parts, with a dense collagen fiber deposition. Also, there is highly significant decrease (P<0.001) of PW/RT ratio, insulin, and amylase levels, the number and diameter of islets of Langerhans, the number of PCNA positive immunoreactive cells, and the number of insulin positive β-cells. Furthermore, a highly significant increase of glucose level, iNOS, TNF-α, and caspase-3 positive immunoreactive cells in the islets of Langerhans and acinar cells were observed. SIL improves the pancreatic histological architecture, weight loss, biochemical, and immunohistochemical analyses. Administering SIL is advantageous in managing cipralex induced pancreatic injury via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic qualities.

Effectiveness of premarital screening program for thalassemia and sickle cell disorders in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates

Rasha Aziz Attia Salama,Abeer Kamal Saleh 대한의학유전학회 2016 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: Genetic disorders can be prevented by basic public health measures and activities that focus primarily on education and approaches in Primary Health Care. Premarital screening is one such approach that can identify asymptomatic carriers of hemoglobinopathies and provide genetic counseling to couples for a healthy reproductive life. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of beta thalassemia and sickle cell disorders in the adult population screened as a part of the United Arab Emirates Premarital Screening Program and to measure the effectiveness of the program in decreasing high-risk marriages in Ras Al Khaimah (RAK). Materials and Methods: A retrospective, population-based study was conducted at the RAK Primary Health Care Center, where the National Premarital Screening Program is implemented. The study included data collected from the premarital screening records of all couples who had applied for a marriage license during 2008-2015. Results: Of the 17,826 individuals screened during the studied period, 4.02% (717) were diagnosed as positive for hemoglobinopathies. The prevalence of beta thalassemia and sickle cell disorders among the total study population was 2.98% and 1.05%, respectively. The hemoglobinopathy trait was more prevalent than the disease. Among these 8,913 couples who were issued certificates for compatibility based on screening tests, 28 (0.31%) couples were declared high-risk (unmatched). Seventy percent of these unmatched couples reported consanguineous marriages. Conclusion: The program was successful in achieving its objective of identifying high-risk marriages. In spite of the counseling, however, all of the high-risk couples still married each other.

Changing in the Epidemiology of Tinea Capitis among School Children in Egypt

( Rasha H. Bassyouni,),( Naglaa A. El-sherbiny ),( Talal A. Abd El Raheem ),( Basma H. Mohammed ) 대한피부과학회 2017 Annals of Dermatology Vol.29 No.1

Background: Tinea capitis remains a prevalent health problem among school-aged children. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of tinea capitis among primary school students, in Fayoum, Egypt with identification of etiological agents in both public and private primary schools. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in twelve primary schools. The students were selected from different grades with a total number of 12,128 students. Hair and scalp were clinically examined for any lesions that may suspect tinea capitis and mycological samples were collected for direct microscopy and culture. Results: The prevalence of tinea capitis in the study group was 0.4% and higher in public than private schools (73.5% versus 26.5% respectively). Boys were more affected than girls with boy to girls` ratio 5:1. Intrafamily history of infection was present in 40.8% of tested group while 51% showed low social standard profile. Mycological culture revealed that Microsporum canis was the predominant isolated organism followed by M. audouinii (52% and 36% respectively). Conclusion: M. canis is replacing Trichophyton violaceum as an etiology for tinea capitis in Egypt with lower prevalence rate than reported previously. (Ann Dermatol 29(1) 13∼19, 2017)

Radiation induced modification of NBR and SBR montmorillonite nanocomposites

Rasha M. Mohamed 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.1

Nanocomposites of two different kinds of rubber (acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber NBR and styrene butadiene rubber SBR)/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites modified by hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide were prepared by the reactive mixing intercalation method in the presence of trimethylolpropane trimethylmethacrylate (TMPTMA). The influence of gamma irradiation on the morphology and properties of the rubber nanocomposites was investigated. Intercalated polar or unsaturated matrices (e.g., NBR and SBR)/OMMT nanocomposites can be obtained, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The clay layers could be uniformly dispersed in the rubber matrix on the nanometer level. Mechanical tests showed that the nanocomposites had good mechanical properties as compared to the neat composites. The results also showed that the irradiated NBR/OMMT nanocomposites had higher thermal stabilities than irradiated SBR/OMMT nanocomposites.

Atriplex leucoclada extract: A promising eco-friendly anticorrosive agent for copper in aqueous media

Rasha Khalid Ahmed,Shengtao Zhang 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

Conventional organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors are noxious and hazardous to living organisms andthe environment. Therefore, the use of plant extracts as potential corrosion inhibitors for metals hasattracted considerable attention because these compounds are renewable and can have low toxicity, mainlywhen derived from edible plant species. Here, we prepared Atriplex leucoclada extract (ALE, 0–8 g/L) andtested its effectiveness as an eco-friendly copper corrosion inhibitor in 1 M HCl using severalcharacterisation techniques, such as potentiodynamic polarisation experiments at the open-circuitpotential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and surface morphology. Adsorption isothermmodelling based on the Langmuir monolayer adsorption model revealed that the antioxidantflavonoidsand polyphenolic compounds in ALE adsorb on the surface of copper and act as mixed-type inhibitors toreduce copper corrosion. Notably, the use of ALE resulted in a high (91.5%) inhibition efficiency at roomtemperature. Our results demonstrate the potential of ALE as a corrosion inhibitor for copper in acidicmedia and enrich knowledge regarding the use of plant extracts as green corrosion inhibitors.

Evaluation of Phenolic Content Diversity along with Antioxidant/Pro-Oxidant, Glutathione Transferase Inhibition, and Cytotoxic Potential of Selected Commonly Used Plants

Rasha Awni Guneidy,Eman Ragab Zaki,Abdul Aziz Mohamed Gad,Nevein Salah El-Din Saleh,Abeer Shokeer 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.27 No.3

Nickel-cobalt alloy coatings prepared by electrodeposition Part I: Cathodic current efficiency, alloy composition, polarization behavior and throwing power

Rasha Muneer Al Radadi,Magdy Ahmed Mahmoud Ibrahim 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.9

A systematic study was carried out to electrodeposit Ni-Co alloy coatings from a complexing acidic glycine bath on copper substrates. The effects of [Co2+]/[Ni2+] ratio, gly concentration, pH, current density and temperature on the current efficiency, Co content in the coatings and on polarization behavior were investigated. It was found that the CCE of these baths has a wide range starting from 55% up to a maximum value of 99.3%, relying on the operating parameters and the bath constituent. However, the CCE decreased from 96.2% to 84.8% when the gly content was enhanced from 25 to 150 g/L. On the other hand, the Co content in the deposit reached 97% (wt%) at [Co2+]/ [Ni2+]=0.43, i=16 mA cm2 , t=10 min, T=20 o C. The codeposition of Co and Ni from acidic gly baths obeys the anomalous type of codeposition. The kinetic results indicate that the Tafel slope increased in the case of alloy deposition, while both the transfer coefficient c and the exchange current io decreased. Moreover, the obtained results indicated that increasing the Co2+ content in the electrolytic solution has an inhibiting impact on the kinetics of the nickel-cobalt alloy plating. The throwing power is enhanced with enhancing [Co2+]/[Ni2+] ratios, while the addition of gly decre

Nickel-cobalt alloy coatings prepared by electrodeposition Part II: Morphology, structure, microhardness, and electrochemical studies

Rasha Muneer Al Radadi,Magdy Ahmed Mahmoud Ibrahim 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.1

A study was carried out to synthesize Ni-Co alloy coatings electrochemically from complex acidic glycine (gly) bath. The impacts of some operating parameters such as Co2+ to Ni2+ concentration ratios in the bath, gly concentrations, pH, applied current, plating time and temperature on the morphology of Ni-Co alloy were investigated. The microstructure, microhardness, and electrochemical studies were also investigated. The electrochemical studies utilized cyclic voltammetry, anodic linear stripping voltammetry, and potentiostatic current-time transient techniques. It was realized that gly lowers the cathodic overvoltage for the Co2+ deposition while promoting cathodic overvoltage of Ni2+ deposition. Accordingly, the concurrent codeposition of Co2+ and Ni2+ ions was simplified. The morphology of Ni-Co alloy is significantly dependent on the operating parameters rather than on the bath composition. Moreover, increasing either pH or bath temperature produces Ni-Co deposits free from cracking. The roughness of the alloy is decreased in the presence of gly as shown by the atomic force microscope (AFM) study. In the presence of gly, the microhardness increases from 387 to 970 kg f mm2, i.e., it increased more than two-and-a-half times. On the other hand, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) data show that the crystallinity decreases with enhancing the percentage of cobalt in the deposits.

Industrial Growth and Dynamic Externalities: the Case of Sweden

( Rasha Gustavsson ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2003 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.18 No.3

This study examines the relevance of various theories of knowledge spillovers and growth using a data set on geographic concentration, diversity and competition in 24 counties in Sweden between 1977 and 1996. The results suggest that local competition as opposed to urban variety and regional specialization seems to encourage employment growth. Thus, the evidence is largely consistent with parts of the hypotheses proposed by Porter and Jacobs, but the MAR theory does not receive empirical support based on the evidence presented in the present study.

Explaining the Phenomenon of Third World Urban Giants: The Effects of Trade Costs

( Rasha Gustavsson ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 1999 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.14 No.4

Traditional push-and-pull factors offered partial explanations to the size of large urban areas in the third world. Moreover, the growing literature in economic geography identifies an additional factor exacerbating the phenomenon, namely trade costs. The present study tests econometrically the proposed hypothesis, whether higher trade barriers intensify the concentration forces in third world urban centers. That is, whether trade costs interact with the traditional push-and-pull effects and exacerbate the concentration effects. In particular, controlling for the traditional push-and-pull effects we incorporate two additional variables in order to capture trade costs within and across borders, respectively. The results suggest mixed support for the traditional push-and-pull effects. Higher trade costs within borders seem to reduce the concentration forces in urban centers. In addition, we find no evidence that trade barriers across boarders encourage concentration. Finally, the evidence from sensitivity analysis suggests that the results need to be treated with caution. (JEL-Classifications: F12, F13, F15, R12)