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Kiran Savant,Rakshit Vijay Sinai Khandeparker,Vikas Berwal,Purva Vijay Khandeparker,Hunny Jain 대한구강악안면외과학회 2016 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.42 No.2
Objectives: To compare the efficacy of intravenous ondansetron (4 mg, 2 mL) and granisetron (2 mg, 2 mL) for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients during oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, and double blind clinical study was carried out with 60 patients undergoing oral and maxil- lofacial surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups of 30 individuals each. Approximately two minutes before induction of general anesthesia, each patient received either 4 mg (2 mL) ondansetron or 2 mg (2 mL) granisetron intravenously in a double blind manner. Balanced anesthetic technique was used for all patients. Patients were assessed for episodes of nausea, retching, vomiting, and the need for rescue antiemetic at intervals of 0-2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery. Incidence of complete response and adverse effects were assessed at 24 hours postoperatively. Data was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis using the chi-square test, unpaired t-test, or the Mann-Whitney U-test as appropriate. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for incidence of PONV or the need for rescue antiemetic. Both study drugs were well tolerated with minimum adverse effects; the most common adverse effect was headache. The overall incidence of complete response in the granisetron group (86.7%) was significantly higher than the ondansetron group (60.0%). Conclusion: Granisetron at an intravenous dose of 2 mg was found to be safe, well tolerated, and more effective by increasing the incidence of complete response compared to 4 mg intravenous ondansetron when used for antiemetic prophylaxis in maxillofacial surgery patients receiving general anesthesia. Benefits of granisetron include high receptor specificity and high potency, which make it a valuable alternative to ondansetron.
Modified two flap palatoplasty in asymptomatic transsphenoidal encephalocele: a case report
Sunil Richardson,Rakshit Vijay Khandeparker,Ajit Kumar Raghuvaram,Ram Mohan 대한구강악안면외과학회 2018 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.44 No.2
About one-third of patients with transsphenoidal basal encephaloceles have associated congenital anomalies, including cleft palate. Moreover, they are often plagued by symptomatic exacerbations in the form of upper respiratory obstructions, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, meningitis, etc., with few patients being asymptomatic. We herein present a rare asymptomatic case of transsphenoidal basal encephalocele in an 18-month-old child with cleft palate and highlight a modified version of two-flap palatoplasty.
Sunil Richardson,Rakshit Vijay Khandeparker,Kapil Sharma 대한구강악안면외과학회 2017 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.43 No.2
Osteoid osteomas are benign skeletal neoplasms that are commonly encountered in the bones of the lower extremities, but are exceedingly rare in jaw bones with a prevalence of less than 1%. This unique clinical entity is usually seen in younger individuals, with nocturnal pain and swelling as its characteristic clinical manifestations. The size of the lesion is rarely found to be more than 2 cm. We hereby report a rare case of osteoid osteoma originating from the neck of the mandibular condyle that grew to large enough proportions to result in conductive hearing loss in addition to pain, swelling and restricted mouth opening. In addition, an effort has been made to review all the documented cases of osteoid osteomas of the jaws that have been published in the literature thus far.
Amniotic constriction band: a report of two cases with unique clinical presentations
Sunil Richardson,Rakshit Vijay Khandeparker,Philippe Pellerin 대한구강악안면외과학회 2017 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.43 No.3
Amniotic constriction band is a rare clinical entity with varied manifestations that range from a combination of congenital malformations to isolated malformations that are unique to each patient. The etiology of this entity remains unknown. Herein, we highlight two cases of amniotic constriction band that presented to our unit with unique clinical characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, an isolated circumferential band of scarring on the face with ocular involvement, as demonstrated by the first case, and a combination of bilateral complete cleft lip and palate with bilateral microphthalmia, auto-amputation of the right thumb, and a constriction band on the left thumb, as demonstrated by the second case, are extremely rare presentations of amniotic constriction band that were not previously reported in the literature and therefore necessitate a special mention. We discuss potential etiologies for these cases and review the existing literature on this entity.
Sunil Richardson,Rakshit Vijay Khandeparker 대한구강악안면외과학회 2017 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.43 No.4
Although it is a rare developmental malformation, van der Woude syndrome is the most common form of syndromic orofacial clefting, accounting for approximately 2% of all cleft cases. The lower lip pits with or without a cleft lip or palate is characteristic of the syndrome. Findings, such as hypodon-tia, limb deformities, popliteal webs, ankylogossia, ankyloblepheron, and genitourinary and cardiovascular abnormalities, are rarely associated with the syndrome. This paper reports a rare case of van der Woude syndrome in a 10-year-old male patient with a single median lower lip pit and a repaired bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate that were associated with microstomia, hypodontia, and clubbing of the left foot with syndactyly of the second to fifth lesser toes of the same foot.
The Role of STAT1 in T Helper Cell Differentiation during Breast Cancer Progression
Sayantan Banik,Sudeshna Rakshit,Koustav Sarkar 한국유방암학회 2021 Journal of breast cancer Vol.24 No.3
Members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family are intracellular transcription factors that facilitate several facets of cellular immunity, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. They are principally stimulated by membrane receptor-associated Janus kinases. Dysregulation of this pathway is often detected in primary tumors and hints at augmented angiogenesis, which enriches tumors persistence and immunosuppression. STAT proteins play indispensable roles in cytokine signaling and T helper (Th) cell differentiation. Among STAT proteins, STAT1 plays a vital role in interferon signaling, which initiates the expression of genes encoding proteins with antitumor and apoptotic roles. STAT1 signaling is essential for Th1 cell differentiation. Several studies have also shown the role of STAT1 as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, which is the most common intrusive malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer death in women. Herein, we review the intricate STAT1-mediated molecular mechanisms associated with Th cell differentiation and anti-tumor function in breast cancer.
Punit B. Parejiya,Rakshit C. Patel,Dharmik M. Mehta,Pragna K. Shelat,Bhavesh S. Barot 한국약제학회 2013 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.43 No.4
Present study aims at formulation and development of quick dissolving film of nebivolol hydrochloride applying simple lattice experimental design using three hetero polymers hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, pullulan and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Films were prepared using solvent casting technique and optimized formulation was derived by desirability function. Regression equations and contour plots were executed to narrate dependent variables,i.e. percentage drug release in 30 s (Y30), tensile strength,elastic modulus, percentage elongation and load at yield, to independent variables. Results of the experimental design revealed that the independent factors hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and pullulan significantly influenced the mechanical properties and percentage drug release from the film which was ultimately reflect in the formulation of optimized batch. The high % drug release of the film in simulated saliva and simulated gastric fluid indicated that it can be successfully used in drug delivery systems for drugs with high first-pass metabolism.
Management of human bite injury of the upper and lower eyelids: a rare case report
Sunil Richardson,Kapil Sharma,Rakshit Vijay Sinai Khandeparker 대한구강악안면외과학회 2016 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.42 No.6
Human bite injury to the eyelid is extremely rare and poses a significant challenge in surgical reconstruction. We report an extremely rare case of human bite injury to the eyelid in a 43-year-old male with approximately 60% full thickness loss of the upper eyelid and 80% to 90% full thickness loss of the lower eyelid and its successful reconstruction using the local advancement cheek flap.
Mahdieh Samavi,Sudip Rakshit 한국생물공학회 2020 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.25 No.2
The aim of this work was to demonstrate the production of polyol from microbial oil using wood-based hemicellulose stream through a greener enzymatic process. Yeast biomass concentration of 16.54 ± 0.65 g/L and lipid concentration of 6.97 ± 0.58 g/L were obtained by batch fermentation of hemicellulose prehydrolysate of poplar wood using an oleaginous yeast Cryptococcus curvatus. The produced microbial oil was successfully converted to epoxidized oil catalyzed by lipase with 84.55 ± 1.80% conversion. The epoxidation followed by ring opening reaction to produce polyol with hydroxyl value of 299.53 ± 1.24 mg KOH/g. This showed the possible use of the hemicellulose stream of lignocellulosic biomass to microbial oil and its subsequent conversion to polyol, a precursor to polyurethane and a number of value-added products. This bio-based polyol could be used to substitute the conventional polyols.