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Rakhi Narang,Manoj Saxena,R. S. Gupta,Mridula Gupta 대한전자공학회 2013 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.13 No.3
This work presents a comparative study of four Double Gate tunnel FET (DG-TFET) architectures: conventional p-i-n DG-TFET, p-n-p-n DG-TFET, a gate dielectric engineered Heterogate (HG) p-i-n DG-TFET and a new device architecture with the merits of both Hetero Gate and p-n-p-n, i.e. HG p-n-p-n DG-TFET. It has been shown that, the problem of high gate capacitance along with low ON current for a p-i-n TFET, which severely hampers the circuit performance of TFET can be overcome by using a p-n-p-n TFET with a dielectric engineered Hetero-gate architecture (i.e. HG p-n-p-n). P-n-p-n architecture improves the ON current and the heterogeneous dielectric helps in reducing the gate capacitance and suppressing the ambipolar behavior. Moreover, the HG architecture does not degrade the output characteristics, unlike the gate drain underlap architecture, and effectively reduces the gate capacitance.
Assessment of Ambipolar Behavior of a Tunnel FET and Influence of Structural Modifications
Rakhi Narang,Manoj Saxena,R. S. Gupta,Mridula Gupta 대한전자공학회 2012 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.12 No.4
In the present work, comprehensive investigation of the ambipolar characteristics of two silicon (Si) tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) architectures (i.e. p-i-n and p-n-p-n) has been carried out. The impact of architectural modifications such as heterogeneous gate (HG) dielectric, gate drain underlap (GDU) and asymmetric source/drain doping on the ambipolar behavior is quantified in terms of physical parameters proposed for ambipolarity characterization. Moreover, the impact on the miller capacitance is also taken into consideration since ambipolarity is directly related to reliable logic circuit operation and miller capacitance is related to circuit performance.
( Rakhi Rai ),( Kallol Kumar Roy ),( Vinod Nair ),( Garima Kachhawa ),( Rinchen Zangmo ),( Deepali Garg ),( Perumal Vanamail ) 대한산부인과학회 2021 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.64 No.4
Objective Laparoscopy has now become a state-of-the-art technique for many diagnostic and therapeutic procedures with known advantages over laparotomy. There is scarce literature from India regarding minilaparoscopy, as per our literature review. Therefore, we performed this study with a 2.9-mm laparoscope to determine its feasibility and efficacy for diagnostic purposes and level II surgeries with the aim of reducing postoperative pain and better cosmesis. Methods This was a prospective study conducted from June 2019 to March 2020. Diagnostic modern minilaparoscopy with a 2.9-mm telescope was performed under general anesthesia by a single surgeon. Operative intervention was performed depending on the intraoperative findings. Results The mean age was 29.3 years. The most common indication for laparoscopy was infertility (98%). Only diagnostic laparoscopy was performed in 76% of patients, while 24% underwent operative laparoscopy. The various operative procedures performed were cystectomy, salpingectomy, ovarian drilling, and adhesiolysis. The mean visual analog scale scores at 1 hour and 2 hours postoperatively and discharge were 1.57±0.59, 1.41±0.51, and 1.29±0.47, respectively. Mild pain was present in 70 (72.2%) patients at the time of discharge, and only one patient had severe pain. Five or more analgesic tablets were required in only 16.5% of patients in the postoperative period. There was no wound infection or port-site hernia at follow-up. Conclusion Modern minilaparoscopy with a 2.9-mm laparoscope is a feasible and safe option for diagnostic laparoscopy and level II gynecological procedures with minimal postoperative morbidity, such as pain and wound infection, and provides good cosmetic outcomes.
Globalization, Labour Market Segmentation, Unemployment and Wage Inequality: A Theoretical Analysis
( Rakhi Banerjee ),( Ranjanendra Narayan Nag ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소(구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2011 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.26 No.3
In this paper we build up a three-sector general equilibrium framework to examine impact of agricultural trade liberalization, tariff rate restructuring and inflow of Foreign Direct Investment on unemployment and wage inequality in an emerging market economy. The paper shows that agricultural trade liberalization and tariff rate restructuring reduces the skilled-unskilled wage gap whereas increase in inflow of foreign capital may lead to worsening of income distribution. Multiple cross effects, factor specificity and factor intensity ranking play important roles in determining changes in output composition, factor rewards and unemployment in the wake of economic reforms.
Metamaterials and Their Applications in Patch Antenna : A Review
Rakhi Rani,Preet Kaur,Neha Verma 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.11
Metamaterial is the arrangement of "artificial" elements in a periodic manner providing unusual electromagnetic properties. This unusual property has made it an area of interest for last few decades. It has wide applications in antennas. Gain, directivity, bandwidth, efficiency, and many other parameters of microstrip patch antenna can be improved using metamaterials. In this review paper, we first overview the metamaterials, its types and then the application of metamaterials in Microstrip patch antennas over the last 13-15 years.
Recent advances for serial processes of hazardous chemicals in fully integrated microfluidic systems
Rakhi Singh,이현재,Ajay Kumar Singh,김동표 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.8
The development and enlargement of toxic and hazardous chemicals are severely limited by health and safety concerns. We summarize studies on fully integrated micro-chemical systems and total processes to reduce accidental exposure to various regents that are toxic, explosive, or carcinogenic, which significantly improved the safety of work involving risky compounds. This review covers the leak-free continuous-flow processes of hazardous chemicals in fully integrated microfluidic systems, specially denoted as micro-total envelope systems (μ-TESs), that are conducting a serial process of the generation of hazardous reagents, in-situ purification and separation, subsequent reaction, and product isolation with improved efficiencies. These attempts suggest safe and efficient tools and processes of useful but hazardous chemicals for researchers and manufacturing workers in the field of pharmaceutic discovery, natural products, biology as well as materials synthesis.
Hysteroscopy in COVID 19 pandemic: safety concerns
( Rakhi Rai ),( Kallol Kumar Roy ),( Rinchen Zangmo ),( Deepali Garg ) 대한산부인과학회 2022 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.65 No.1
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health crisis that negatively impacts the health infrastructure by diverting resources to manage this infection. The long-term impact on the health of patients due to a lack of appropriate medical care to avoid COVID-19 infection is already visible in the mortality rates of the general population. The presence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the female genital tract is not clear. Bubbles produced during hysteroscopy tend to cool down to the temperature of the distension medium and then dissolve. Hence, aerosols are not produced during hysteroscopy, which is usually performed in an office setting. If anesthesia is required, conscious sedation or regional anesthesia should preferably be used to reduce aerosol production. Hence, hysteroscopy is not an aerosol-generating procedure and the risk of COVID-19 infection is low; therefore, hysteroscopy should not be ruled out in emergencies.
Assessment of Ambipolar Behavior of a Tunnel FET and Influence of Structural Modifications
Narang, Rakhi,Saxena, Manoj,Gupta, R.S.,Gupta, Mridula The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2012 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.12 No.4
In the present work, comprehensive investigation of the ambipolar characteristics of two silicon (Si) tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) architectures (i.e. p-i-n and p-n-p-n) has been carried out. The impact of architectural modifications such as heterogeneous gate (HG) dielectric, gate drain underlap (GDU) and asymmetric source/drain doping on the ambipolar behavior is quantified in terms of physical parameters proposed for ambipolarity characterization. Moreover, the impact on the miller capacitance is also taken into consideration since ambipolarity is directly related to reliable logic circuit operation and miller capacitance is related to circuit performance.