http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Rajive Gupta,Satinder K. Juneja,Monika Gupta,Satya Paul 대한화학회 2008 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.29 No.12
A solvent-free procedure is developed for the regeneration of carbonyl compounds from aldoximes or ketoximes by grinding at room temperature and from hydrazone, phenylhydrazone or semicarbazone derivatives under microwave irradiation using dioxane-dibromide/SiO2. Products are obtained in excellent yields and are in a state of high purity.
Raman Gupta,Monika Gupta,Satya Paul,Rajive Gupta 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.10
A simple and efficient method has been developed for Knoevenagel condensation between aldehydes or ketones and active methylene group by stirring in methylene chloride at 60 oC under heterogeneous conditions using silica supported ammonium acetate. The products are obtained in excellent yields and are in a state of high purity. The structures of the products were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data and comparison with authentic samples available commercially.
Gupta, Raman,Gupta, Monika,Paul, Satya,Gupta, Rajive Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.10
A simple and efficient method has been developed for Knoevenagel condensation between aldehydes or ketones and active methylene group by stirring in methylene chloride at 60 ${^{\circ}C}$ under heterogeneous conditions using silica supported ammonium acetate. The products are obtained in excellent yields and are in a state of high purity. The structures of the products were confirmed by IR, $^1H$ NMR and mass spectral data and comparison with authentic samples available commercially.
Optimal Placement of SVC Incorporating Installation Cost
Ankit Kumar Sharma,Akash Saxena,Rajive Tiwari 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.8
As the FACTS controllers are an inequitable part of power system due to their fast and very flexible control. With the enhancement of FACTS technology, their role in the marginal cost determination should be considered taking their cost function into account. The aim of this paper is to compare the optimal performance of static VAR compensator (SVC) in voltage stability enhancement problem. During last decade, FACTS devices are broadly used for maximizing the margin of voltage stability and loadability of existing power system transmission networks. To get the optimal system, cost analysis might be necessary. In the cost analysis of SVC, authors analyzed the installation cost of SVC devices in USD, the cost of SVC in USD/KVAR and the average value of installation cost for given systems. Here, the voltage stability enhancement problem is solved applying Gravitational Search algorithm incorporating SVC. The following conditions are investigated with the incorporation of SVC: the role of SVC for improving the voltage profile, loss minimization and the approximate analysis on cost recovery and payback period with SVC in voltage stability enhancement problem. With this motivation, the location of SVC is finalized through weak bus identification methods. Voltage stability indices namely Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) is utilized to identify weak buses in the systems. For calculation of the Size of SVC, an optimization routine Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is established. The main purpose of optimization is to minimize the FVSI. The proposed approach has been tested on three standard IEEE bus systems with different loading scenarios. General Terms: Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), Marginal Cost, Voltage Stability Assessment, Static VAR Compensators.
Impact Resistance and Comfort Properties of Textile Structures for Sportswear
Rajkishore Nayak,Sinnappoo Kanessalingam,Arun Vijayan,Lijing Wang,Rajive Padhye,Lyndon Arnold 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.9
Protective padding is commonly used in many sporting activities to prevent impact related injuries. In rugby,shoulder pads absorb and disperse the force and energy of an impact with a playing surface or another player. Although themajority of the commercial shoulder pads currently available can reduce the impact force during a front-on tackle, theyprovide limited amount of thermal comfort to the wearer. In this research, flexible textile structures were designed andinvestigated for their potential to effectively dissipate the force of impact over a wider area, thus reducing the risk of injury. The impact resistance of these textile structures placed over a body simulant was compared against commercial foam padsusing a ‘drop test’ method. The results indicated that all the flexible textile structures reduced the impact force. Although theirprotection level was not as high as the commercial foam, the textile structures showed a higher level of thermal comfort asmeasured by air permeability, thermal resistance and water vapor resistance. The results were analyzed using onewayANOVA followed by post-hoc analysis using IBM SPSS software. The Post-hoc analysis showed a significant differenceamong the test results of various fabrics for impact absorption, air permeability, thermal resistance and water vaporresistance, which are also discussed in this paper.
Osman Tarig,Lew Eileen,Sng Ban L.,Dabas Rajive,Griva Konstadina,Car Josip 대한마취통증의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.75 No.2
Background: The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score is generated based on patients’ clinical status. Accurate ASA classification is essential for the communication of perioperative risks and resource planning. Literature suggests that ASA classification can be automated for consistency and time-efficiency. To develop a rule-based algorithm for automated ASA classification, this study seeks to establish consensus in ASA classification for clinical conditions encountered at a tertiary women’s hospital.Methods: Thirty-seven anesthesia providers rated their agreement on a 4-point Likert scale to ASA scores assigned to items via the Delphi technique. After Round 1, the group’s collective responses and individual item scores were shared with participants to improve their responses for Round 2. For each item, the percentage agreement (‘agree’ and ‘strongly agree’ responses combined), median (interquartile range/IQR), and SD were calculated. Consensus for each item was defined as a percentage agreement ≥ 70%, IQR 1.0, and SD < 1.0.Results: All participants completed the study and none had missing data. The number of items that reached consensus increased from 25 (51.0%) to 37 (75.5%) in the second Delphi round, particularly for items assigned ASA scores of III and IV. Nine items, which pertained to alcohol intake, asthma, thyroid disease, limited exercise tolerance, and stable angina, did not reach consensus even after two Delphi rounds.Conclusions: Delphi consensus was attained for 37 of the 49 study items (75.5%), facilitating their incorporation into a rule-based clinical support system designed to automate the prediction of ASA classification.
Rajiv Azad,Mohit Tayal,Sheenam Azad,Garima Sharma,Rajendra Kumar Srivastava 대한영상의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.18 No.6
Objective: To compare the contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (CE-FLAIR), the CE T1-weighted (CE-T1W) sequence with fat suppression (FS) and magnetization transfer (MT) for early detection and characterization of infectious meningitis. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients and 10 control subjects were evaluated with the CE-FLAIR and the CE-T1W sequences with FS and MT. Qualitative assessment was done by two observers for presence and grading of abnormal leptomeningeal enhancement. Quantitative assessment included computation of net meningeal enhancement, using single pixel signal intensity software. A newly devised FLAIR based scoring system, based on certain imaging features including ventricular dilatation, ependymal enhancement, infarcts and subdural effusions was used to indicate the etiology. Data were analysed using the Student’s t test, Cohen’s Kappa coefficient, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, the intraclass correlation coefficient, one way analysis of variance, and Fisher's exact test with Bonferroni correction as the post hoc test. Results: The CE-FLAIR sequence demonstrated a better sensitivity (100%), diagnostic accuracy (95%), and a stronger correlation with the cerebrospinal fluid, total leukocyte count (r = 0.75), protein (r = 0.77), adenosine deaminase (r = 0.81) and blood glucose (r = -0.6) values compared to the CE-T1W sequences. Qualitative grades and quantitative meningeal enhancement on the CE-FLAIR sequence were also significantly greater than those on the other sequences. The FLAIR based scoring system yielded a diagnostic accuracy of 91.6% and a sensitivity of 96%. A strong inverse Pearson’s correlation (r = -0.95) was found between the assigned score and patient’s Glasgow Coma Scale at the time of admission. Conclusion: The CE-FLAIR sequence is better suited for evaluating infectious meningitis and could be included as a part of the routine MR imaging protocol.