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Beef Supply Chains in Australia: Implications for Korean Beef Industry
( Rodney J. Cox ),( Zhang Yue Zhou ),( Jung Sup Choi ) 한국농촌경제연구원 2003 Journal of Rural Development Vol.26 No.1
Australia has over time developed an entire of beef supply chains approach involving the production, processing and distribution sectors to provide consistent high quality beef to consumers both domestically and overseas. The Australian beef supply chains have proved to be effective, which in turn have contributed to the further development and success of the beef industry. The Australian experience in developing and managing its beef supply chains can be of great relevance to beef industries of other countries. This paper highlights the development and management of the Australian beef supply chains and draws implications for the future development of Korean beef industry.
BORON NANOWIRES AND NOVEL TUBE–CATALYTIC PARTICLE–WIRE HYBRID BORON NANOSTRUCTURES
RODNEY S. RUOFF,TERRY T. XU,ALAN W. NICHOLLS 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2006 NANO Vol.1 No.1
Catalyst-assisted growth of boron nanowires and novel tube–catalytic particle–wire hybrid boron nanostructures were achieved by pyrolysis of diborane at 820–890°C and ~ 200 mTorr in a quartz tube furnace. Electron microscopy imaging and diffraction analysis reveal that most of the nano-structures are amorphous. Elemental analysis by EELS and EDX shows that the nanostructures consist of boron with a small amount of oxygen and carbon. Possible growth mechanisms for the tube–catalytic particle–wire hybrid boron nanostructures are discussed.
특별기고 : 상담자의 상위 유능성을 저해하는 요인과 수퍼바이저의 역할에 대한 소고
( Rodney K Goodyear ) 서강대학교 학생생활상담연구소 2014 人間理解 Vol.35 No.2
한국과 미국을 포함한 일부 국가의 상담자는 일단 자격증을 취득하면 규정상으로는 더 이상 슈퍼비전을 받을 의무가 없게 되어있다. 전문 상담자라면 자신이 무엇을 알고, 무엇을 모르는 지를 판단할 수 있는 유능감을 갖고 있고, 또 전문가로서의 자신의 역량을 스스로 모니터링 할 것이란 기대가 있기 때문이다. 그러나 상담자의 이와 같은 자기관리 능력 혹은 메타 역량을 저해하는 요인들이 존재한다. 예를 들면 누구나 다 자신의 유능성을 과대평가하고, 늘 하는 방식으로 자동적으로 반응하는 경향이 있다. 또한 상담자 개인에게 닥칠 수 있는 삶의 위기 혹은 다양한 어려움들과 같은 예외적인 요인들도 존재한다. 이에 본 고에서는 상담자의 자기관리에 대한 유능감 혹은 메타역량을 제한하는 요인들에 대해서 간략하게 설명하고, 상담자는 전문가로서 활동하는 한 전문 수퍼바이저로부터 자발적이고, 지속적인 수퍼비젼(career-long supervision)을 받을 것을 제안했다. In some countries, including South Korea and the U.S., counselors are not required to receive supervision once they have been credentialed. The expectation is that they will have developed su?cient levels of metacompetence (the ability to assess what one knows and does not know; Falender & Schafranske, 2007; 2014) that they can be trusted to selfmonitor their professional practice. But there are factors that limit metacompetence, someof which are normative (e.g., the tendency to overestimate competence; automaticity) and some are nonnormative (e.g., life crises or personal di?culties that the counselor might experience). This paper brie?y discusses those limitations and then suggests careerlong supervision as a mechanism to address them.
Rodney E. Wegner,Stephen Abel,John J. Bergin,Athanasios Colonias 대한방사선종양학회 2020 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.38 No.1
Purpose: Definitive radiotherapy remains a primary treatment option for early stage glottic cancer. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has emerged as the standard treatment technique for advanced head and neck cancers, whereas three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) has remained standard for early glottic cancers. We used the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify predictors of IMRT use and effect on outcome in these patients. Materials and Methods: We queried the NCDB from 2004-2015 for squamous cell carcinoma of the glottic larynx staged Tis-T2N0 treated with radiation alone. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of IMRT. Cox regression was used to identify factors predictive of overall survival. Propensity matching was conducted to account for indication bias. Results: We identified 15,627 patients, of which 11% received IMRT. IMRT use rose from 2% in 2004 to 16% in 2015. Predictors of IMRT include: increased comorbidity, T2 stage, urban location, chemotherapy, treatment at an academic center, and later treatment year. Predictors of improved survival were female gender, higher income, lower stage, no chemotherapy, academic facility, and more remote year. There was no difference in survival between 3D-CRT and IMRT across all stages. Conclusions: The rate of IMRT use for early stage glottic laryngeal cancer has increased over time. There was no difference in outcome in patients receiving IMRT versus 3D-CRT across the cohort.
Rodney E. Wegner,Stephen Abel,Richard J. White,Zachary D. Horne,Shaakir Hasan,Alexander V. Kirichenko 대한방사선종양학회 2018 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.36 No.4
Purpose: Traditionally, three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) is used for neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was later developed for more conformal dose distribution, with the potential for reduced toxicity across many disease sites. We sought to use the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to examine trends and predictors for IMRT use in rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We queried the NCDB from 2004 to 2015 for patients with rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation to standard doses followed by surgical resection. Odds ratios were used to determine predictors of IMRT use. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions were used to determine potential predictors of overall survival (OS). Propensity matching was used to account for any indication bias. Results: Among 21,490 eligible patients, 3,131 were treated with IMRT. IMRT use increased from 1% in 2004 to 22% in 2014. Predictors for IMRT use included increased N stage, higher comorbidity score, more recent year, treatment at an academic facility, increased income, and higher educational level. On propensity-adjusted, multivariable analysis, male gender, increased distance to facility, higher comorbidity score, IMRT technique, government insurance, African-American race, and non-metro location were predictive of worse OS. Of note, the complete response rate at time of surgery was 28% with non-IMRT and 21% with IMRT. Conclusion: IMRT use has steadily increased in the treatment of rectal cancer, but still remains only a fraction of overall treatment technique, more often reserved for higher disease burden
National trends in radiation dose escalation for glioblastoma
Rodney E. Wegner, MD,Stephen Abel,Zachary D. Horne,Shaakir Hasan,Vivek Verma,Tulika Ranjan,Richard W. Williamson,Stephen M. Karlovits 대한방사선종양학회 2019 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.37 No.1
Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) carries a high propensity for in-field failure despite trimodality management. Past studies have failed to show outcome improvements with dose-escalation. Herein, we examined trends and outcomes associated with dose-escalation for GBM. Materials and Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for GBM patients who underwent surgical resection and external-beam radiation with chemotherapy. Patients were excluded if doses were less than 59.4 Gy; dose-escalation referred to doses ≥66 Gy. Odds ratios identified predictors of dose-escalation. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions determined potential predictors of overall survival (OS). Propensity-adjusted multivariable analysis better accounted for indication biases. Results: Of 33,991 patients, 1,223 patients received dose-escalation. Median dose in the escalation group was 70 Gy (range, 66 to 89.4 Gy). The use of dose-escalation decreased from 8% in 2004 to 2% in 2014. Predictors of escalated dose were African American race, lower comorbidity score, treatment at community centers, decreased income, and more remote treatment year. Median OS was 16.2 months and 15.8 months for the standard and dose-escalated cohorts, respectively (p = 0.35). On multivariable analysis, age >60 years, higher comorbidity score, treatment at community centers, decreased education, lower income, government insurance, Caucasian race, male gender, and more remote year of treatment predicted for worse OS. On propensity-adjusted multivariable analysis, age >60 years, distance from center >12 miles, decreased education, government insurance, and male gender predicted for worse outcome. Conclusion: Dose-escalated radiotherapy for GBM has decreased over time across the United States, in concordance with guidelines and the available evidence. Similarly, this large study did not discern survival improvements with dose-escalation.