Length Dependence of Conductance in Aromatic Single-Molecule Junctions

Quek, Su Ying,Choi, Hyoung Joon,Louie, Steven G.,Neaton, J. B. American Chemical Society 2009 NANO LETTERS Vol.9 No.11

<P>Using a scattering-state approach incorporating self-energy corrections to the junction level alignment, the conductance <I>G</I> of oligophenyldiamine−Au junctions is calculated and elucidated. In agreement with experiment, we find <I>G</I> decays exponentially with the number of phenyls with decay constant β = 1.7. A straightforward, parameter-free self-energy correction, including electronic exchange and correlations beyond density functional theory (DFT), is found to be essential for understanding the measured values of <I>both G and</I> β. Importantly, our results confirm quantitatively the picture of off-resonant tunneling in these systems and show that exchange and correlation effects absent from standard DFT calculations contribute significantly to β.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2009/nalefd.2009.9.issue-11/nl9021336/production/images/medium/nl-2009-021336_0005.gif'></P>

Uplink Coordinated Multi-Point ARQ in MIMO Cellular Systems

QUEK, Tony Q. S.,WORADIT, Kampol,SHIN, Hyundong,LEI, Zander 'Institute of Electronics, Information and Communi 2011 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS - Vol.eb94 No.12

Bursty relay networks in low-SNR regimes

Quek, T.Q.S.,Hyundong Shin IEEE 2010 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.58 No.2

<P>In a wireless network, the use of cooperation among nodes can significantly improve capacity and robustness to fading. Node cooperation can take many forms, including relaying and coordinated beamforming. However, many cooperation techniques have been developed for operation in narrowband systems for high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) applications. It is important to study how relay networks perform in a low-SNR regime, where the available degrees of freedom is large and the resulting SNR per degree of freedom is small. In this paper, taking into account either low-power narrowband transmissions (P¿0) or wideband transmissions with fixed power (W¿¿), we investigate the achievable rates and scaling laws of bursty amplify-and-forward relay networks in the low-SNR regime. Specifically, our results allow us to understand the effect of different system parameters on the achievable rates and scaling laws in the low-SNR regime, and highlight the role of bursty transmissions in this regime. These results entirely depend on the geographic locations of the nodes and are applicable for both fixed and random networks. We identify four scaling regimes that depend on the growth of the number of relay nodes and the increase of burstiness relative to the SNR. We characterize the achievable rates and the scaling laws in the joint asymptotic regime of the number of relay nodes, SNR, and duty-cycle parameter. These results can serve as design guidelines to indicate when bursty transmissions are most useful.</P>

Mechanically controlled binary conductance switching of a single-molecule junction

Quek, Su Ying,Kamenetska, Maria,Steigerwald, Michael L.,Choi, Hyoung Joon,Louie, Steven G.,Hybertsen, Mark S.,Neaton, J. B.,Venkataraman, Latha Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2009 Nature nanotechnology Vol.4 No.4

<P>Molecular-scale components are expected to be central to the realization of nanoscale electronic devices. Although molecular-scale switching has been reported in atomic quantum point contacts, single-molecule junctions provide the additional flexibility of tuning the on/off conductance states through molecular design. To date, switching in single-molecule junctions has been attributed to changes in the conformation or charge state of the molecule. Here, we demonstrate reversible binary switching in a single-molecule junction by mechanical control of the metal-molecule contact geometry. We show that 4,4'-bipyridine-gold single-molecule junctions can be reversibly switched between two conductance states through repeated junction elongation and compression. Using first-principles calculations, we attribute the different measured conductance states to distinct contact geometries at the flexible but stable nitrogen-gold bond: conductance is low when the N-Au bond is perpendicular to the conducting pi-system, and high otherwise. This switching mechanism, inherent to the pyridine-gold link, could form the basis of a new class of mechanically activated single-molecule switches.</P>

Mathematical Problem Solving for Everyone: A Design Experiment

( Quek Khiok Seng ),( Dindyal Jaguthsing ),( Toh Tin Lam ),( Leong Yew Hoong ),( Tay Eng Guan ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육연구 Vol.15 No.1

An impetus for reviving research in mathematical problem solving is the recent advance in methodological thinking, namely, the design experiment ([Gorard, S. (2004). Combining methods in educational research. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.]; [Schoenfeld, A. H. (2009). Bridging the cultures of educational research and design. Educational Designer. 1(2). http://www.educationaldesigner.org/ed/volume1/issue2/]). This methodological approach supports a "re-design" of contextual elements to fulfil the overarching objective of making mathematical problem solving available to all students of mathematics. In problem solving, components critical to successful design in one setting that may be adapted to suit another setting include curriculum design, assessment strategy, teacher capacity, and instructional resources. In this paper, we describe the implementation, over three years, of a problem solving module into the main mathematics curriculum of an Integrated Programme school in Singapore which had sufficient autonomy to tailor-fit curriculum to their students.

Amine−Gold Linked Single-Molecule Circuits: Experiment and Theory

Quek, S. Y.,Venkataraman, L.,Choi, H. J.,Louie, S. G.,Hybertsen, M. S.,Neaton, J. B. American Chemical Society 2007 NANO LETTERS Vol.7 No.11

Multiple Finger Expansion for Blind Interference Canceller in the Presence of Subchip-Spaced Multipath Components

Quek, Tony Q. S.,Suzuki, Hiroshi,Fukawa, Kazuhiko The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2004 Journal of communications and networks Vol.6 No.1

A blind interference canceller in the presence of subchipspaced multipath channels for direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) down-link system is considered. This technique is based on combining the existing blind interference canceller with a technique that involves assigning subchip-tap spacing to the Rake receiver. The proposed receiver minimizes the receiver’s output energy subject to a constraint in order to mitigate the multiple access interference (MAI) along each multipath component, and then suboptimally combining all the multipath components. Moreover, it is able to mitigate the mismatch problem when subchip-spaced multipath components arrive at the blind interference canceller. It is known that optimal combining techniques perform a decorrelation operation before combining, which requires both knowledge and computational complexity. In the following, we have adopted a simpler but suboptimum approach in the combining of the suppressed signals at the output of our proposed receiver. Computer simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed receiver to handle subchip-spaced multipath components and still suppresses MAI significantly.

Using frequency response function and wave propagation for locating damage in plates

Quek, Ser-Tong,Tua, Puat-Siong Techno-Press 2008 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.4 No.3

In this study, the frequency domain method which utilizes the evaluation of changes in the structural mode shape is adopted to identify regions which contain localized damages. Frequency response function (FRF) values corresponding to the modal frequency, analogous to the mode shape coefficients, are used since change in natural frequency of the system is usually insignificant for localized damage. This method requires only few sensors to obtain the dynamic response of the structure at specific locations to determine the FRF via fast-Fourier transform (FFT). Numerical examples of an aluminum plate, which includes damages of varying severity, locations and combinations of multiple locations, are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the method. An experimental verification of the method is also done using an aluminum plate with two different degrees of damage, namely a half-through notch and a through notch. The inconsistency in attaining the FRF values for practical applications due to varying impact load may be overcome via statistical averaging, although large variations in the loading in terms of the contact duration should still be avoided. Nonetheless, this method needs special attention when the damages induce notable changes in the modal frequency, such as when the damages are of high severity or cover more extensive area or near the boundary where the support condition is modified. This is largely due to the significant decrease in the frequency term compared to the increase in the vibration amplitude. For practical reasons such as the use of limited number of sensors and to facilitate automation, extending the resolution of this method of identification may not be efficient. Hence, methods based on wave propagation can be employed as a complement on the isolated region to provide an accurate localization as well as to trace the geometry of the damage.

Character Animation of Realistic Humans

Edwina Quek,Lim Jun Pei,Lai Looi Seng,Cui Jing,Edmond C. Prakash,Edmund M-K. Lai 제어로봇시스템학회 2001 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.10

Using frequency response function and wave propagation for locating damage in plates

Ser-Tong Quek,Puat-Siong Tua 국제구조공학회 2008 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.4 No.3

In this study, the frequency domain method which utilizes the evaluation of changes in the structural mode shape is adopted to identify regions which contain localized damages. Frequency response function (FRF) values corresponding to the modal frequency, analogous to the mode shape coefficients, are used since change in natural frequency of the system is usually insignificant for localized damage. This method requires only few sensors to obtain the dynamic response of the structure at specific locations to determine the FRF via fast-Fourier transform (FFT). Numerical examples of an aluminum plate, which includes damages of varying severity, locations and combinations of multiple locations, are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the method. An experimental verification of the method is also done using an aluminum plate with two different degrees of damage, namely a half-through notch and a through notch. The inconsistency in attaining the FRF values for practical applications due to varying impact load may be overcome via statistical averaging, although large variations in the loading in terms of the contact duration should still be avoided. Nonetheless, this method needs special attention when the damages induce notable changes in the modal frequency, such as when the damages are of high severity or cover more extensive area or near the boundary where the support condition is modified. This is largely due to the significant decrease in the frequency term compared to the increase in the vibration amplitude. For practical reasons such as the use of limited number of sensors and to facilitate automation, extending the resolution of this method of identification may not be efficient. Hence, methods based on wave propagation can be employed as a complement on the isolated region to provide an accurate localization as well as to trace the geometry of the damage.