Individual disturbance and neighborhood mutation search enhanced whale optimization: performance design for engineering problems

Qiao Shimeng,Yu Helong,Heidari Ali Asghar,El-Saleh Ayman A,Cai Zhennao,Xu Xingmei,Mafarja Majdi,Chen Huiling 한국CDE학회 2022 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.9 No.5

The whale optimizer is a popular metaheuristic algorithm, which has the problems of weak global exploration, easy falling into local optimum, and low optimization accuracy when searching for the optimal solution. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an enhanced whale optimization algorithm (WOA) based on the worst individual disturbance (WD) and neighborhood mutation search (NM), named WDNMWOA, which employed WD to enhance the ability to jump out of local optimum and global exploration, adopted NM to enhance the possibility of individuals approaching the optimal solution. The superiority of WDNMWOA is demonstrated by representative IEEE CEC2014, CEC2017, CEC2019, and CEC2020 benchmark functions and four engineering examples. The experimental results show that thes WDNMWOA has better convergence accuracy and strong optimization ability than the original WOA.

Clonal Spread of Carbapenem Non-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii in an Intensive Care Unit in a Teaching Hospital in China

Qiao Zhong,Weidong Xu,Yuanjian Wu,Hongxing Xu 대한진단검사의학회 2012 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.32 No.6

Background: This study was aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and antibiotic resistance profile of the nosocomial infection agent Acinetobacter baumannii from a medical intensive care unit (ICU) in a teaching hospital in Suzhou, China. Methods: The genetic relationship among A. baumannii isolates in an ICU was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by performing an antibiotic susceptible test, which included an agar dilution method and an E-test method. Resistant determinants, e.g., carbapenemase genes, metallo-β- lactamases, and class 1 integron, were analyzed by specific PCR and DNA sequencing. Results: In the present study, 33 non-duplicate isolates were identified as 5 existing sequence types (STs) (ST92, ST75, ST112, ST145, and ST345) and 1 new sequence type STn, which has a G-A mutation at nt268 on ropD40 of ST251. These results reveal limited diversity in carbapenem non-susceptible A. baumannii (CNSAb) isolates in our ICU, which are comprised of only 2 distinct STs, with ST92 and ST75 clustering into a clonal complex (CC) 92. Most CNSAb isolates (94.4%, 17/18) harbored the OXA-23 gene, while no carbapenem-susceptible A. baumannii (CSAb) isolates harbored it. In addition, 66.7% (22/33) isolates were positive for class 1 integrase, and gene cassette analysis showed there are 3 gene arrays among them, i.e., aacA4-catB8-aadA1 (77.3%, 17/22), aacA4 (22.7%, 5/22), and aacC1-orfX-orfX’-aadA1 (4.5%, 1/22). Conclusions: When all these data are combined, the antibiotic resistance and wide distribution of CNSAb isolates in our ICU are probably caused by expansion of the CC92 clone. Background: This study was aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and antibiotic resistance profile of the nosocomial infection agent Acinetobacter baumannii from a medical intensive care unit (ICU) in a teaching hospital in Suzhou, China. Methods: The genetic relationship among A. baumannii isolates in an ICU was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by performing an antibiotic susceptible test, which included an agar dilution method and an E-test method. Resistant determinants, e.g., carbapenemase genes, metallo-β- lactamases, and class 1 integron, were analyzed by specific PCR and DNA sequencing. Results: In the present study, 33 non-duplicate isolates were identified as 5 existing sequence types (STs) (ST92, ST75, ST112, ST145, and ST345) and 1 new sequence type STn, which has a G-A mutation at nt268 on ropD40 of ST251. These results reveal limited diversity in carbapenem non-susceptible A. baumannii (CNSAb) isolates in our ICU, which are comprised of only 2 distinct STs, with ST92 and ST75 clustering into a clonal complex (CC) 92. Most CNSAb isolates (94.4%, 17/18) harbored the OXA-23 gene, while no carbapenem-susceptible A. baumannii (CSAb) isolates harbored it. In addition, 66.7% (22/33) isolates were positive for class 1 integrase, and gene cassette analysis showed there are 3 gene arrays among them, i.e., aacA4-catB8-aadA1 (77.3%, 17/22), aacA4 (22.7%, 5/22), and aacC1-orfX-orfX’-aadA1 (4.5%, 1/22). Conclusions: When all these data are combined, the antibiotic resistance and wide distribution of CNSAb isolates in our ICU are probably caused by expansion of the CC92 clone.

Long Non-coding RNA GAS5 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Qiao, Hui-Ping,Gao, Wei-Shi,Huo, Jian-Xin,Yang, Zhan-Shan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis. We aimed to explore whether the expression of Long Non-Coding RNA (LncRNA) growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is associated with RCC genesis. Methods: We selected twelve clinical samples diagnosed for renal clear cell carcinoma and found that the LncRNA GAS5 transcript levels were significantly reduced relative to those in adjacent unaffected normal renal tissues. Results: In addition, expression of GAS5 was lower in the RCC cell line A498 than that in normal renal cell line HK-2. Furthermore, using functional expression cloning, we found that overexpression of GAS5 in A498 cells inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycling. At the same time, the migration and invasion potential of A498 cells were inhibited compared to control groups. Conclusion: Our study provided the first evidence that a decrease in GAS5 expression is associated with RCC genesis and progression and overexpression of GAS5 can act as a tumor suppressor for RCC, providing a potential attractive therapeutic approach for this malignancy.

Clinical, Hematological, and Biochemical Alterations in Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Following Experimental Infection by Vibrio scophthalmi

Qiao, Guo,Park, Soo Il,Xu, De-Hai The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2012 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.15 No.3

Hematological analysis can provide crucial information for monitoring the health of fish. However, there is no current information available regarding hematological changes in olive flounder following infection by Vibrio scophthalmi. In this study, hematological and biochemical alterations were determined in olive flounder infected by the high virulence strain (HVS) and low virulence strain (LVS) of V. scophthalmi. Survival in serum, skin mucus, and macrophages of olive flounder was also compared between the HVS and LVS. The results demonstrated that the hematocrit value in infected fish declined from 23.4% at 0 h to 18.0% at 168 h post infection. The total protein concentration in fish infected with the HVS was significantly higher than in fish infected with the LVS and a non-infected control. Lysozyme activity was significantly different between infected and control fish. The HVS survived in serum and cell numbers increased substantially, while cell numbers of the LVS in serum decreased. These changes in hematological characteristics in fish infected by V. scophthalmi can be used as an effective and sensitive index to monitor the physiological and pathological conditions of fish. The survival and reproduction of V. scophthalmi in host serum, skin mucus, and macrophages play a major role in systemic infection and can serve as a virulence indicator for different strains.

Expression of c-Type Lysozyme from the Fleshy Shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis Is Upregulated Following Vibrio anguillarum and Lipopolysaccharide Injection

Qiao, Guo,Kim, Su-Kyoung,Cho, Yeong-Rok,Kim, Sukyoung,Jang, In-Kwon The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2013 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.16 No.4

Chicken-type lysozyme (c-lysozyme) is present in shrimp and is active against some bacteria. To further understand the regulation of c-lysozyme in the fleshy shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis, we determined the tissue-specific gene expression of c-lysozyme and the time-course of mRNA expression in response to Vibrio anguillarum and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection by quantitative reverse real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that c-lysozyme was expressed in all tissues tested, including gill, eyestalk, eye, hemocytes, hepatopancreas, intestine, heart, and pleopod. It was most highly expressed in the intestine followed by the eyestalk, gill, hemocytes and hepatopancreas. The mRNA expression level began to decline in a short time after V. anguillarum challenge and was then upregulated by two fold or more at 24 h post injection (hpi) compared to that at 0 h. Expression was suppressed shortly after LPS injection and began to increase with higher levels of 5.8-, 5.2- and 8.4-fold at 24, 48, and 72 hpi, respectively. Higher expression was sustained and showed a gradual increasing trend until the end of the experiment (72 hpi). These results increase our understanding of the regulation of defense mechanisms and facilitate an evaluation of the effects of probiotics or immunostimulants in shrimp culture.

Ratiometric Fluorescent Polymeric Thermometer for Thermogenesis Investigation in Living Cells

Qiao, Juan,Hwang, Yoon-Ho,Chen, Chuan-Fang,Qi, Li,Dong, Ping,Mu, Xiao-Yu,Kim, Dong-Pyo American Chemical Society 2015 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.87 No.20

<P>Intracellular temperature has a fundamental effect on cellular events. Herein, a novel fluorescent polymer ratiometric nanothermometer has been developed based on transferrin protein-stabilized gold nanoclusters as the targeting and fluorescent ratiometric unit and the thermosensitve polymer as the temperature sensing unit. The resultant nanothermometer could feature a high and spontaneous uptake into the HeLa cells and the ratiometric temperature sensing over the physiological temperature range. Moreover, the precise temperature sensing for intracellular heat generation in HeLa cells following calcium ions stress has been achieved. This practical intracellular thermometry could eliminate the interference of the intracellular surrounding environment in cancer cells without a microinjection procedure, which is user-friendly. The prepared new nanothermometer can provide tools for unveiling the intrinsic relationship between the intracellular temperature and ion channel function.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2015/ancham.2015.87.issue-20/acs.analchem.5b02791/production/images/medium/ac-2015-02791t_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac5b02791'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Comparison of immune response of Pacific white shrimp, <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>, after multiple and single infections with WSSV and <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i>

Qiao, Guo,Xu, De-Hai,Wang, Zishen,Jang, In-Kwon,Qi, Zhitao,Zhang, Mingming,Kim, Su-Kyoung Elsevier 2015 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.44 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Our previous study demonstrated that Pacific white shrimp (<I>Litopenaeus vannamei</I>) infected by multiple pathogens showed higher mortality and death occurred more quickly than those infected by a single pathogen (Jang et?al., 2014). For better understanding the defense mechanism against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and <I>Vibrio anguillarum</I>, immune responses of shrimp were evaluated in this study. The mRNA expression levels of five immune-related genes were analyzed by quantitative reverse real-time PCR, which included proPO-activating enzyme 1 (PPAE1), PPAE2, proPO activating factor (PPAF), masquerade-like serine proteinase (Mas) and ras-related nuclear gene (Ran). Results demonstrated that the transcription was suppressed more intensively in the multiple infection group than those in single infection groups. The transcriptional suppression was directly related to the higher mortality. The hypoimmunity could benefit pathogen invasion, replication and release of toxin <I>in?vivo</I>. Results in this study will help to understand immune defense mechanism after shrimp were infected by multiple pathogens in aquaculture.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Immune genes in shrimp were studied to understand defense mechanism against multiple pathogens. </LI> <LI> Shrimp infected by multiple pathogens showed higher mortality and death occurred more quickly. </LI> <LI> Gene transcription was suppressed in shrimp with multiple infections than single infection. </LI> <LI> Depression of immune genes resulted in low PO activity, phagocytosis and led to high mortality. </LI> <LI> Prevention and management strategies are needed to reduce shrimp losses by multiple pathogens. </LI> </UL> </P>

Research on the Features of VR Marketing Design Based on Emotional Experience

Qiao, Sui,Dong-Min Cho 한국멀티미디어학회 2022 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.25 No.3

Antagonism of tomato spotted wilt virus against tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Nicotiana benthamiana detected by transcriptome analysis

Qiao Ning,Liu Yongguang,Liu Jie,Zhang Dezhen,Chi Wenjuan,Li Jintang,Zhu Xiaoping,Liu Hongmei,Li Fajun 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.1

Background Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) are highly harmful viruses in agricultural production, which can cause serious economic losses to crops and even devastating consequences for vegetable yield in some countries and regions. Although the two viruses belong to different families and have different transmission vectors, they share most hosts. Objective This study aimed to examine the transcriptomic expression of single and mixed inoculations of TSWV and TYLCV, leading to antagonism using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Methods We confirmed the single and mixed infections of these viruses in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) by artificial inoculation. And the expression changes of related genes and their biological functions and pathways during the mixed infection of TSWV and TYLCV were analyzed by comparative transcriptome. Results Basically, similar symptoms were observed in the plants singly infected with TSWV and co-infected with TYLCV; the symptoms of TYLCV in the co-infected plants were not obvious compared with single TYLCV infections. When inoculated with TYLCV, the accumulation of the virus significantly reduced in single and mixed infections with TSWV; the TSWV accumulated slightly less in co-infection with TYLCV, whereas this reduction was much smaller than that of TYLCV. The results suggested that TSWV had an antagonistic effect on the accumulation of TYLCV in N. benthamiana. It mainly focused on the changes in unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by the co-infection of TSWV and TYLCV. The eight pathways enriched by upregulated DEGs mainly included amino acid biosynthesis, citrate cycle (or tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle), and so on. However, only pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and peptidoglycan biosynthesis could be downregulated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway in which peptidoglycan biosynthesis was involved in upregulated and downregulated pathways. Conclusions The antagonistic effect of TSWV on TYLCV in N.benthamiana and the change trends and specific pathways of DEGs in this process were found. Our study provided new insights into the host regulation and competition between viruses in response to TSWV and TYLCV mixed infection.

REGULARITY RELATIVE TO A HEREDITARY TORSION THEORY FOR MODULES OVER A COMMUTATIVE RING

Qiao, Lei,Zuo, Kai Korean Mathematical Society 2022 대한수학회지 Vol.59 No.4

In this paper, we introduce and study regular rings relative to the hereditary torsion theory w (a special case of a well-centered torsion theory over a commutative ring), called w-regular rings. We focus mainly on the w-regularity for w-coherent rings and w-Noetherian rings. In particular, it is shown that the w-coherent w-regular domains are exactly the Prüfer v-multiplication domains and that an integral domain is w-Noetherian and w-regular if and only if it is a Krull domain. We also prove the w-analogue of the global version of the Serre-Auslander-Buchsbaum Theorem. Among other things, we show that every w-Noetherian w-regular ring is the direct sum of a finite number of Krull domains. Finally, we obtain that the global weak w-projective dimension of a w-Noetherian ring is 0, 1, or ∞.