Antagonism of tomato spotted wilt virus against tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Nicotiana benthamiana detected by transcriptome analysis

Qiao Ning,Liu Yongguang,Liu Jie,Zhang Dezhen,Chi Wenjuan,Li Jintang,Zhu Xiaoping,Liu Hongmei,Li Fajun 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.1

Background Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) are highly harmful viruses in agricultural production, which can cause serious economic losses to crops and even devastating consequences for vegetable yield in some countries and regions. Although the two viruses belong to different families and have different transmission vectors, they share most hosts. Objective This study aimed to examine the transcriptomic expression of single and mixed inoculations of TSWV and TYLCV, leading to antagonism using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Methods We confirmed the single and mixed infections of these viruses in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) by artificial inoculation. And the expression changes of related genes and their biological functions and pathways during the mixed infection of TSWV and TYLCV were analyzed by comparative transcriptome. Results Basically, similar symptoms were observed in the plants singly infected with TSWV and co-infected with TYLCV; the symptoms of TYLCV in the co-infected plants were not obvious compared with single TYLCV infections. When inoculated with TYLCV, the accumulation of the virus significantly reduced in single and mixed infections with TSWV; the TSWV accumulated slightly less in co-infection with TYLCV, whereas this reduction was much smaller than that of TYLCV. The results suggested that TSWV had an antagonistic effect on the accumulation of TYLCV in N. benthamiana. It mainly focused on the changes in unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by the co-infection of TSWV and TYLCV. The eight pathways enriched by upregulated DEGs mainly included amino acid biosynthesis, citrate cycle (or tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle), and so on. However, only pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and peptidoglycan biosynthesis could be downregulated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway in which peptidoglycan biosynthesis was involved in upregulated and downregulated pathways. Conclusions The antagonistic effect of TSWV on TYLCV in N.benthamiana and the change trends and specific pathways of DEGs in this process were found. Our study provided new insights into the host regulation and competition between viruses in response to TSWV and TYLCV mixed infection.

한중합작영화의 성과 및 과제 고찰 : 2007년~2017년 합작영화를 중심으로

NING QIAO 부산대학교 영화연구소 2018 아시아영화연구 Vol.11 No.1

이 논문은 한중합작영화의 발전 현황을 고찰하고 현재까지 거둔 성과 및 향후 나아갈 방향을 모색하는데 목적을 둔다. 우선, 영화의 주제, 양국 영화산업에 미치는 영향, 시장효과 및 평가 등 방면에서 합작영화 <집결호(集结号)>(2007)와 <나는 증인이다(我是证人)>(2015)를 분석하였고, 이를 통해 한중합작영화가 현재까지 거둔 성과를 검토하였다. 영화의 주제, 시장효과와 평가 등 방면에서 합작영화 <외공방령38(外公芳龄38)> (2016)과<엽기적인 그녀2(我的新野蛮女友)>(2001)두 영화의 실패원인을 분석하고 현재까지 한중합작영화가 직면하고 있는 문제점을 제시하였다. 한국영화 <귀향(鬼乡)> (2016)과 중국영화 <이십이(二十二)> (2017)를 통해서 국가주의, 민족주의 등을 주제로 하여 향후 한중합작영화가 나아갈 방향을 제시함과 동시에 한중합작영화의 미래를 전망하였다.

历史隐遁与真实消解的成功突围

교녕(Qiao, Ning)(乔,宁,),유로(Liu, Lu)(刘,璐,) 대한중국학회 2021 중국학 Vol.74 No.-

20世纪80年代是中国电影蓬勃发展的黄金十年,这一时期由第四代导演引领的纪实主义美学悄然兴起。在中国的政治、经济、文化发生巨变的时代背景之下,承袭着原有制作体制和数十年发展经验的中国电影因此焕发了勃勃生机。第四代导演用诗化的风格和多样化的创作手法与传统戏剧电影作别,他们一方面在控诉历史,一方面却又在寻求一种隐遁与规避,在“真实”的影像中消解着自己的青春之祭。本文以《城南旧事》为例,从叙事动机和复杂的心绪表达方面重新审视第四代导演的作品,以期为当下文化全球化的时代如何表述中国故事和中国文化提供新的思路与视角。 The 1980s is the golden decade for the vigorous development of Chinese films. During this period, the documentary aesthetics led by the fourth generation of directors quietly rose. Under the background of great changes in China s politics, economy and culture, Chinese films, which inherit the original production system and decades of development experience, are full of vitality. On the one hand, they are accusing history, on the other hand, they are seeking a kind of seclusion and evasion, and they are digesting their youth sacrifice in the real image. Taking old stories in the south of the city as an example, this paper re examines the works of the fourth generation directors from the aspects of narrative motivation and complex mood expression, in order to provide new ideas and perspectives for how to express Chinese stories and Chinese culture in the era of cultural globalization. We should actively sum up and absorb the achievements of Chinese films in the 1980s. In the current context of cultural globalization, we should use practice to seek and explore how to use Chinese image language to tell Chinese stories and express profound, beautiful and profound Chinese culture.

중국 제 5세대 감독이 대작상업영화에 미친 영향 -장이모우 <영웅>을 중심으로-

교녕 ( Qiao Ning ) 부산대학교 영화연구소 2014 아시아영화연구 Vol.7 No.1

본문의 연구 목적은 중국 역사와 현실 사회의 정치 배경 속에서 장이모우 감독 영화의 성공을 통해 중국 영화 발전과 구체적인 정책 상황이 결합된 곡절이 많은 중국의 영화 역사를 객관적으로 서술하고, 중국 영화 정책을 심화 분석하여, 중국 영화 산업에서 영화와 중국 정치 및 사회 간의 복잡한 유기성을 서술하는 것에 있다. The aim of this study is to expound the tortuous course of the combination of Chinese movie culture and Chinese movie policy through the success of Zhang Yimou`s Movie in the social and political reality of China. Then on the base of these, this paper analyses the complex relationship between the Chinese movie policy, industrialization and Chinese politics, society.

한중합작영화의 성과 및 과제 고찰 : 2007년~2017년 합작영화를 중심으로

교녕 ( Qiao Ning ) 부산대학교 영화연구소 2018 아시아영화연구 Vol.11 No.1

이 논문은 한중합작영화의 발전 현황을 고찰하고 현재까지 거둔 성과 및 향후 나아갈 방향을 모색하는데 목적을 둔다. 우선, 영화의 주제, 양국 영화산업에 미치는 영향, 시장효과 및 평가 등 방면에서 합작영화 <집결호(集結號)>(2007)와 <나는 증인이다(我是證人)>(2015)를 분석하였고, 이를 통해 한중합작영화가 현재까지 거둔 성과를 검토하였다. 영화의 주제, 시장효과와 평가 등 방면에서 합작영화 <외공방령38(外公芳齡38)> (2016)과<엽기적인 그녀2(我的新野蠻女友)>(2001)두 영화의 실패원인을 분석하고 현재까지 한중합작영화가 직면하고 있는 문제점을 제시하였다. 한국영화 <귀향(鬼鄕)> (2016)과 중국영화 <이십이(二十二)> (2017)를 통해서 국가주의, 민족주의 등을 주제로 하여 향후 한중합작영화가 나아갈 방향을 제시함과 동시에 한중합작영화의 미래를 전망하였다. This essay intends to examine the situation of Chinese Korean Co Production film, whilst summarize the achievements so far and explore future development. First of all, it analyzed < Assembly > and < The Witness > from the following perspectives: the theme, impacts on Chinese and Korea film industry respectively, market impact and reflection. Addtionally, it also summarized the overall achievement of Chinese Korea co production on that basis. The essay also evaluated < Scandal Maker > and < My New Sassy Girl > based on the themes, maket effect and response, by which it pointed out the problems that Chinese Korean Co production faced. Finally it proposed to put forward nationalism as a innovative direction for Chinese Korean co production after a rigorous review on < Spirits’ Homecoming, Unfinished Story > and< Twenty Two > as live success cases.

Synthesis and structure–activity relationship of N-(piperidin-4-yl)benzamide derivatives as activators of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathways

Zhi-Ning Huang,Han Liang,Hong Qiao,Bao-Rui Wang,Ning Qu,Hua Li,Run-Run Zhou,Li-Juan Wang,Shan-Hua Li,Fu-Nan Li 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.12

Guided by bioisosterism and pharmacokinetic parameters, we designed and synthesized a series of novel benzamide derivatives. Preliminary in vitro studies indicated that compounds 10b and 10j show significant inhibitory bioactivity in HepG2 cells (IC50 values of 0.12 and 0.13 μM, respectively). Compounds 10b and 10j induced the expression of HIF-1α protein and downstream target gene p21, and upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3 to promote tumor cells apoptosis.

감성중국 합작영화의 현황분석 및 미래의 전망

교녕(Ning Qiao) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2017 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.11 No.3

영화예술은 민족의식과 나라의 문화 정체성을 반영할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 세계화 배경 아래 가장 영향력이 있는 소프트 파워가 되어가고 있다. 중국합작영화는 막강한 정책에 힘입어 날이 갈수록 매우 큰 잠재적인 발전 가능성을 나타내고 있다. 본 논문은 중국대륙-홍콩, 중국대륙-대만, 중국대륙-미국 그리고 중국대륙-한국 간의 합작영화를 여러 단계로 나누어서 발전과정 및 현황을 분석하였다. 그리고 분석결과를 바탕으로 하여 중국어영화 합작모델, 중미합작영화 모델, 중한 합작영화 모델의 문제점과 발전 방향에 대해서 제안하였다. 우선, 중국대륙-홍콩 합작영화에 있어서 중국대륙의 특수한 사회제도와 심사제도 때문에 영화유형이 단일하고 홍콩영화의 특징이 점점 사라지는 것이 가장 큰 문제점이다. 그리고 중국대륙-대만 합작영화의 경우 대만의 현지화 현상이 너무 두드러져 큰 문제가 되었다. 한편, 중미합작영화 모델의 경우, 할리우드의 국제적인 패권지위 때문에 중국과 협력과정에서 상대적으로 높은 지위를 차지하고 있고 중국에서 영화를 촬영하지만 영화에 반영된 중국문화가 많지 않기 때문에 이것이 중미 합작영화의 가장 큰 문제점이 되었다. 마지막으로 중한 합작영화 모델의 경우, 유형은 많지만 심각한 문화충돌이 중한 합작영화의 병목제약이 되는 등 여러 가지 문제점이 나타났다. 앞으로 중국의 합작영화를 발전시키는데 있어 협력하는 국가 또는 지역과의 상호문화이해 증진, 영화유형 다양화, 국제적인 중국 스토리를 만드는 등의 많은 노력이 필요하다. There was rapid development of Chinese Film Industry in recent years, and one of the main causes was the Co-production. The Coproduce Movies between China and Chinese Hong-Kong, Chinese Taipei, USA, South Korea and other countries and regions take a very significant share of the Box office. In the past 4 decades since 1980s, Chinese Co-production had a very rapid development, from the initial tentatively Co-producing in the very beginning, to now many ways of Co-producing such as Co-plan, Co-investment, Co-create, sharing risks and resources, and many other ways, Co-production brought a clearly good effect on Chinese Film Industry even on China’s economic development. In the first chapter of the paper, I analysis the development situation and the current problems of Chinese Co-production based on the three modes of Co-producing, and secondly, we will discuss the transition and reform of China’s society and economy, and The problem of Co-produce Movies between China and Chinese Hong-Kong, Chinese Taipei, USA and South Korea, and how the transition and reform effect on the Chinese Film Industry. The last chapter is my thinking about the problems of Chinese Film Industry, especially how to learn other countries’ experience on film industry, and how to maintain the developing and prospering of Chinese Co-production Film Industry in the future.

论全球化语境下的电影全球化现象及中国合拍电影的文化取向

교녕(Qiao, Ning)(喬寕,) 대한중국학회 2019 중국학 Vol.68 No.-

随着全球化的不断加剧和各国市场的逐步开放, 导致了各区域文化间的渗透、融合和冲突。电影作为跨文化传播的重要媒介载体, 它的出现无疑加剧了本土文化和文化全球一体化之间存在的冲突与融合的矛盾。因此, 为了应对电影全球化导致的各国电影同质化危机, 必须对电影全球化的现象有明确、深入的认识。本文在文化全球化理论研究的基础之上, 将电影全球化的类型分为“马赛克”式和“阶梯”式两类, 并指出当下中国藉由中外合拍片大力发展“马赛克”式的全球化才是捍卫传统文化、塑造中国良好国际形象、表述中国社会主义核心价值观的真正出路。中国将依靠自身强大的市场资源、充足的人力资源、繁荣的经济资源、丰厚独特的文化资源和多样化的自然环境资源等强劲优势, 同其他国家和地区展开紧密化、多元化的项目合作和资源输出等电影全球化的协作部署。可以预见的是, 中国电影未来将会与更多的国家展开合拍合作, 将大美的中国文化用影像的方式书写, 在世界的各个角落生根结果。 With the continuous intensification of globalization and the gradual opening up of national markets, it leads to the infiltration, integration and conflict among regional cultures. As an important media carrier of cross-cultural communication, the emergence of film undoubtedly intensifies the conflict and integration between local culture and cultural globalization. Therefore, in order to deal with the crisis of film homogeneity caused by film globalization, it is necessary to have a clear and deep understanding of the phenomenon of film globalization. On the basis of cultural globalization theory research, this paper will be divided into the type of film globalization “Mosaic” type and “ladder” type two kinds, and points out the present China by sino-foreign co-production to develop the “Mosaic” type of globalization is the defense of the traditional culture, China good international image and describe the real way out for China s socialist core values. China will rely on its strong market resources, human resources, economic resources, cultural resources and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland to carry out close and diversified project cooperation with other countries and regions and coordinate deployment of film globalization such as resource export. It can be predicted that Chinese films will cooperate with more countries in the future, and the great beauty of Chinese culture will be written in the form of images, which will take root in all corners of the world.

Effects of Down-regulation of HDAC6 Expression on Proliferation, Cell Cycling and Migration of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells and Related Molecular Mechanisms

Li, Ning,Tie, Xiao-Jing,Liu, Pei-Jie,Zhang, Yan,Ren, Hong-Zheng,Gao, Xin,Xu, Zhi-Qiao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Objective: To study the effects of down-regulation of HDAC6 expression on proliferation, cell cycling and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and related molecular mechanisms. Methods: ESCC cell line EC9706 cells were randomly divided into untreated (with no transfection), control siRNA (transfected with control siRNA) and HDAC6 siRNA (transfected with HDAC6 small interfering RNA) groups. Effects of HDAC6 siRNA interference on expression of HDAC6 mRNA and protein in EC9706 cells were investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry methods. Effects of down-regulation of HDAC6 expression on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell migration were studied using a CCK-8 kit, flow cytometry and Boyden chambers, respectively. Changes of mRNA and protein expression levels of cell cycle related factor (p21) and cell migration related factor (E-cadherin) were investigated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. Results: After transfection of HDAC6 siRNA, the expression of HDAC6 mRNA and protein in EC9706 cells was significantly downregulated. In the HDAC6 siRNA group, cell proliferation was markedly inhibited, the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase evidently increased and the percentage of cells in S phase decreased, and the number of migrating cells significantly and obviously decreased. The mRNA and protein expression levels of p21 and E-cadherin in the HDAC6 siRNA group were significantly higher than those in the untreated group and the control siRNA group, respectively. Conclusions: HDAC6 siRNA can effectively downregulate the expression of HDAC6 mRNA and protein in EC9706 cells. Down-regulation of HDAC6 expression can obviously inhibit cell proliferation, arrest cell cycling in the G0/G1 phase and reduce cell migration. The latter two functions may be closely related with the elevation of mRNA and protein expression of p21 and E-cadherin.

Nested Case-control Study of Occupational Radiation Exposure and Breast and Esophagus Cancer Risk among Medical Diagnostic X Ray Workers in Jiangsu of China

Wang, Fu-Ru,Fang, Qiao-Qiao,Tang, Wei-Ming,Xu, Xiao-San,Mahapatra, Tanmay,Mahapatra, Sanchita,Liu, Yu-Fei,Yu, Ning-Le,Sun, Quan-Fu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.11

Medical diagnostic X-ray workers are one occupational group that expose to the long-term low-dose external radiation over their working lifetime, and they may under risk of different cancers. This study aims to determine the relationship between the occupational X-ray radiation exposure and cancer risk among these workers in Jiangsu, China. We conducted Nested case-control study to investigate the occupational X-ray radiation exposure and cancer risk. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaire, which includes but not limits to demographic data, personal behaviors and family history of cancer. Retrospective dose reconstruction was conducted to estimate the cumulative doses of the x-ray workers. Inferential statistics, t-test and 2 tests were used to compare the differences between each group. We used the logistic regression model to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of cancer by adjusting the age, gender. All 34 breast cancer cases and 45 esophageal cancer cases that detected in a cohort conducted among health workers between 1950~2011 were included in this presented study, and 158 cancer-free controls were selected by frequency-matched (1:2). Our study found that the occupational radiation exposure was associated with a significantly increased cancer risk compared with the control, especially in breast cancer and esophageal cancer (adjusted OR=2.90, 95% CI: 1.19-7.04 for breast cancer; OR=4.19, 95% CI: 1.87-9.38 for esophageal cancer, and OR=3.43, 95% CI: 1.92-6.12 for total cancer, respectively). The occupational X-ray radiation exposure was associated with increasing cancer risk, which indicates that proper intervention and prevention strategies may be needed in order to bring down the occupational cancer risk.