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Prior, Bernard A,Day, Donal F Humana Press ; Humana Press ; OCLC 2008 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.146 No.1
<P>Sugar cane bagasse consists of hemicellulose (24%) and cellulose (38%), and bioconversion of both fractions to ethanol should be considered for a viable process. We have evaluated the hydrolysis of pretreated bagasse with combinations of cellulase, beta-glucosidase, and hemicellulase. Ground bagasse was pretreated either by the AFEX process (2NH(3): 1 biomass, 100 degrees C, 30 min) or with NH(4)OH (0.5 g NH(4)OH of a 28% [v/v] per gram dry biomass; 160 degrees C, 60 min), and composition analysis showed that the glucan and xylan fractions remained largely intact. The enzyme activities of four commercial xylanase preparations and supernatants of four laboratory-grown fungi were determined and evaluated for their ability to boost xylan hydrolysis when added to cellulase and beta-glucosidase (10 filter paper units [FPU]: 20 cellobiase units [CBU]/g glucan). At 1% glucan loading, the commercial enzyme preparations (added at 10% or 50% levels of total protein in the enzyme preparations) boosted xylan and glucan hydrolysis in both pretreated bagasse samples. Xylanase addition at 10% protein level also improved hydrolysis of xylan and glucan fractions up to 10% glucan loading (28% solids loading). Significant xylanase activity in enzyme cocktails appears to be required for improving hydrolysis of both glucan and xylan fractions of ammonia pretreated sugar cane bagasse.</P>
Goossens, Karel,Prior, Mira,Pacheco, Victor,Willbold, Dieter,Mü,llen, Klaus,Enderlein, Jö,rg,Hofkens, Johan,Gregor, Ingo American Chemical Society 2015 ACS NANO Vol.9 No.7
<P>Dual-focus fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (2fFCS) is a versatile method to determine accurate diffusion coefficients of fluorescent species in an absolute, reference-free manner. Whereas (either classical or dual-focus) FCS has been employed primarily in the life sciences and thus in aqueous environments, it is increasingly being used in materials chemistry, as well. These measurements are often performed in nonaqueous media such as organic solvents. However, the diffusion coefficients of reference dyes in organic solvents are not readily available. For this reason we determined the translational diffusion coefficients of several commercially available organosoluble fluorescent dyes by means of 2fFCS. The selected dyes and organic solvents span the visible spectrum and a broad range of refractive indices, respectively. The diffusion coefficients can be used as absolute reference values for the calibration of experimental FCS setups, allowing quantitative measurements to be performed. We show that reliable information about the hydrodynamic dimensions of the fluorescent species (including noncommercial compounds) within organic media can be extracted from the 2fFCS data.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2015/ancac3.2015.9.issue-7/acsnano.5b02371/production/images/medium/nn-2015-02371p_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn5b02371'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Zouhair Boukha,Jonatan González-Prior,Beatriz de Rivas,Juan R. González-Velasco,Rubén López-Fonseca,José I. Gutiérrez-Ortiz 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.57 No.-
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) support has been synthesised and impregnated with different amounts of Pd. Theprepared Pd/HAP catalysts have been thoroughly characterised by BET, XRD, TEM, UV–visible–NIR, FTIR,XPS, CO2-TPD and NH3-TPD techniques and tested in the DCE oxidation reaction. The characterisation of the catalysts has revealed a clear evolution of the Pd species structure, byincreasing the Pd content, from highly dispersed tetrahedral coordinated Pd2+ to larger Pd2+ speciesparticles adopting square planar geometry. The latter seems to be partially encapsulated by the HAPsupport. In DCE oxidation reaction the Pd/HAP system has shown an activity comparable to that of conventionalsystem (Pd/alumina). However, the former has proved high selectivity towards the production ofoxygenated products (COx (CO2 and CO)). Notably, in contrast to Pd/alumina, the DCE oxidation does notyield vinyl chloride intermediate product over Pd/HAP. This catalytic behaviour has been related to themoderate acidity of HAP compared to that of alumina together with its interaction with the Pd activephase. This report, then, considers that Pd(x)/HAP could be presented as a good alternative to thosereported in the available literature.
From Theranostics to Immunotheranostics: the Concept
Niklaus Schaefer,John O. Prior,Margret Schottelius 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.2
Immunotheranostics will be an important development in the future of nuclear medicine and medical oncology. It describes the synergy of theranostic procedures in nuclear medicine and immune oncology (IO) treatment. In brief, it takes advantage of molecular imaging and subsequent targeted modulation of the—in most cases immunosuppressive—tumor microenvironment (TME) by diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotopes. This is of high importance since only a fraction of patients receiving IO is currently being cured by this exciting therapy option. We therefore envision the concept of immunotheranostics as a powerful mean to augment the success of IO treatment in the future and thus the urgent need to further develop the interaction and joint action of nuclear medicine and medical oncology for substantially improved therapy outcome for cancer patients.
A Rapid PCR-Based Approach for Molecular Identification of Filamentous Fungi
Yuanyuan Chen,Bernard A. Prior,Guiyang Shi,Zhengxiang Wang 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.4
In this study, a novel rapid and efficient DNA extraction method based on alkaline lysis, which can deal with a large number of filamentous fungal isolates in the same batch, was established. The filamentous fungal genomic DNA required only 20 min to prepare and can be directly used as a template for PCR amplification. The amplified internal transcribed spacer regions were easy to identify by analysis. The extracted DNA also can be used to amplify other protein-coding genes for fungal identification. This method can be used for rapid systematic identification of filamentous fungal isolates.
Toolkit to Compute Time-Based Elixhauser Comorbidity Indices and Extension to Common Data Models
Shorabuddin Syed,Ahmad Baghal,Fred Prior,Meredith Zozus,Shaymaa Al-Shukri,Hafsa Bareen Syeda,Maryam Garza,Salma Begum,Kim Gates,Mahanazuddin Syed,Kevin W. Sexton 대한의료정보학회 2020 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.26 No.3
Objectives: The time-dependent study of comorbidities provides insight into disease progression and trajectory. We hypothesizethat understanding longitudinal disease characteristics can lead to more timely intervention and improve clinicaloutcomes. As a first step, we developed an efficient and easy-to-install toolkit, the Time-based Elixhauser Comorbidity Index(TECI), which pre-calculates time-based Elixhauser comorbidities and can be extended to common data models (CDMs). Methods: A Structured Query Language (SQL)-based toolkit, TECI, was built to pre-calculate time-specific Elixhauser comorbidityindices using data from a clinical data repository (CDR). Then it was extended to the Informatics for IntegratingBiology and the Bedside (I2B2) and Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) CDMs. Results: At the Universityof Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), the TECI toolkit was successfully installed to compute the indices from CDRdata, and the scores were integrated into the I2B2 and OMOP CDMs. Comorbidity scores calculated by TECI were validatedagainst: scores available in the 2015 quarter 1–3 Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) and scores calculated usingthe comorbidities using a previously validated algorithm on the 2015 quarter 4 NRD. Furthermore, TECI identified 18,846UAMS patients that had changes in comorbidity scores over time (year 2013 to 2019). Comorbidities for a random sample ofpatients were independently reviewed, and in all cases, the results were found to be 100% accurate. Conclusions: TECI facilitatesthe study of comorbidities within a time-dependent context, allowing better understanding of disease associations andtrajectories, which has the potential to improve clinical outcomes.