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Solid-liquid extraction of cellulases from fungal solid-state cultivation in a packed bed bioreactor
Samuel Pratavieira de Oliveira,Natalia Alvarez Rodrigues,Priscila Aparecida Casciatori-Frassatto,Fernanda Perpétua Casciatori 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.9
Cellulases are enzymes required for the production of second-generation ethanol (E2G) via biochemical route. The current paper reports the development of an apparatus for solid-liquid extraction of cellulases from solidstate fermentation (SSF) carried out in a packed bed bioreactor (PBB), operated as batch and as semicontinuous. The case study was the cultivation of Myceliophthora thermophila I-1D3b on sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and wheat bran (WB) (7 : 3 w/w). The current work integrates the PBB to the first downstream step for recovering the enzymes produced by SSF. The substrate was inoculated and packed into the modules that composed the PBB. The fermentation occurred at 45 o C and air was supplied with flow rate of 350 L/h. At the end of the cultivations, each module was placed in an extraction column, a dynamic closed system in which distilled water was circulated and made to percolate the cultivated material. Variables tested were volume of water per mass of substrate, water flow rate and time of percolation. Higher contact time (120 min) and higher flow rate (2.4 m³/h) allowed us to recover up to 85% of total enzyme activity by percolation. Lower volume (20 mL/g) provides higher titer extract. The apparatus showed to be promising for SSF downstream, mainly for semicontinuous operation of PPBs.
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Photolarvicidal effect of curcuminoids from Curcuma longa Linn. against Aedes aegypti larvae
Larissa Marila de Souza,Natalia Mayumi Inada,Francine Perri Venturini,Christian C. Carmona-Vargas,Sebastião Pratavieira,Kleber Thiago de Oliveira,Cristina Kurachi,Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.1
In this study we evaluated the photolarvicidal activity of different curcuminoids forms: Natural Turmeric (NT), Synthetic Curcumin (SC) and Synthetic curcumin formulated with sucrose (SCS) against Aedes aegypti larvae which is the major vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. Two strategies for curcuminoids delivery were chosen for the experiments: (i) larvae exposed to aqueous solutions of curcuminoids in the concentration range of 5–25 mg/L (w/v) and (ii) larvae exposed to two different types of curcuminoids carriers (pet food). Phototoxic effects of the curcuminoids were evaluated by counting the dead larvae after sunlight exposure, at irradiance range of 30–60 mW/cm 2 . The characteristic photobleaching time for each curcuminoids in solution was also determined in order to infer the safety of these molecules in the natural environment. Curcuminoids solutions showed high photolarvicidal activity after 30 min of sunlight irradiation, with LC 50 values of 20.0, 11.6 and 2.2 mg/L for NT, SC and SCS, respectively. The curcuminoids carriers, despite showing high mortality (about 90%), presented photodynamic activity only after 8 h of sunlight irradiation. The curcuminoids remained in the aqueous solution for up to 3 h; subsequently, the maximum absorption peak of these pigments was completely modified. The characteristic photobleaching time for each sample was 6, 32 and 60 min for NT, SC and SCS. These original and relevant results show that the combination of curcuminoids pigments with sunlight establishes an extremely effective alternative for Ae. aegypti larvae control, ensuring high environmental safety due to the low persistence of these molecules in the presence of light.
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