Keyhole approach in anterior circulation aneurysm: Current indication, advantages, technical limitations, complications and their avoidance

Prajapati Hanuman,Ansari Ahmad,Jaiswal Manish 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2022 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.24 No.2

Keyhole surgery recently evolved as a minimal invasive surgical approach for treatment of anterior circulation aneurysm. This review was done to evaluate the keyhole approach for anterior circulation aneurysms, their indications, advantages, technical limitations, complications and their avoidance. The literature review was performed with the phrase “keyhole approach for anterior circulation aneurysm” as a search term in PubMed central, Medline, Google scholar and Embase data base to identify all the articles published till December 2020. Out of 113 articles searched, 22 were included in this review after screening for eligibility. On analyzing these articles, there was total 2058 aneurysm in 1871 patients. Out of 2058 aneurysm, 988 were ruptured and 547 unruptured. In 5 studies, which include 344 aneurysms in 344 cases, aneurysm ruptured or unruptured status was not specified. The most frequent aneurysm site was anterior communicating artery (n=573). The size of the aneurysm mentioned in most of the study was <15 mm. The rate of complete occlusion was ranged from 93.6-100%. The range of intra operative rupture (IOR) was 0-28.6%. The mean operative time was ranged from 70 min-5.34 hours as reported in 13 studies. Good outcome [Glasgow outcome scale (GOS): 4-5] were seen in 75-100% cases. The frontalis muscle weakness has been reported in 3 studies and ranged from 0-1.99%. Keyhole surgery can be a safe and effective treatment modality for treatment of a selected anterior circulation aneurysm. In the experienced hand it has certain advantages over standard pterional craniotomy.

RADII PROBLEMS FOR THE GENERALIZED MITTAG-LEFFLER FUNCTIONS

Prajapati, Anuja Korean Mathematical Society 2020 대한수학회지 Vol.57 No.4

In this paper our aim is to find various radii problems of the generalized Mittag-Leffler function for three different kinds of normalization by using their Hadamard factorization in such a way that the resulting functions are analytic. The basic tool of this study is the Mittag-Leffler function in series. Also we have shown that the obtained radii are the smallest positive roots of some functional equations.

Genomic Analysis of Dairy Starter Culture Streptococcus thermophilus MTCC 5461

( Prajapati Jashbhai B ),( Neelam M Nathani ),( Amrutlal K Patel ),( Suja Senan ),( Chaitanya G Joshi ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.4

The lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus is widely used as a starter culture for the production of dairy products. Whole-genome sequencing is expected to utilize the genetic basis behind the metabolic functioning of lactic acid bacterium (LAB), for development of their use in biotechnological and probiotic applications. We sequenced the whole genome of Streptococcus thermophilus MTCC 5461, the strain isolated from a curd source, by 454 GS-FLX titanium and Ion Torrent PGM. We performed comparative genome analysis using the local BLAST and RDP for 16S rDNA comparison and by the RAST server for functional comparison against the published genome sequence of Streptococcus thermophilus CNRZ 1066. The whole genome size of S. thermophilus MTCC 5461 is of 1.73Mb size with a GC content of 39.3%. Streptococcal virulence-related genes are either inactivated or absent in the strain. The genome possesses coding sequences for features important for a probiotic organism such as adhesion, acid tolerance, bacteriocin production, and lactose utilization, which was found to be conserved among the strains MTCC 5461 and CNRZ 1066. Biochemical analysis revealed the utilization of 17 sugars by the bacterium, where the presence of genes encoding enzymes involved in metabolism for 16 of these 17 sugars were confirmed in the genome. This study supports the facts that the strain MTCC 5461 is nonpathogenic and harbors essential features that can be exploited for its probiotic potential.

ON THE SOLUTIONS OF x^κ = g IN A FINITE GROUP

Prajapati, Sunil Kumar,Sarma, Ritumoni Korean Mathematical Society 2013 대한수학회보 Vol.50 No.2

The function $g{\mapsto}{\zeta}^k_G(g)$ which counts the number of solutions of $x^k=g$ in a finite group G, is not necessarily a character of G. We study this function for the case of dihedral groups and generalized quaternion groups.

Isolation of a new glycosylated indole alkaloid from Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes

Ritu Prajapati,Hyun Ah Jung,Jae Sue Choi 한국식품영양과학회 2019 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2019 No.10

Radii problems for the generalized Mittag-Leffler functions

Anuja Prajapati 대한수학회 2020 대한수학회지 Vol.57 No.4

In this paper our aim is to find various radii problems of the generalized Mittag-Leffler function for three different kinds of normalization by using their Hadamard factorization in such a way that the resulting functions are analytic. The basic tool of this study is the Mittag-Leffler function in series. Also we have shown that the obtained radii are the smallest positive roots of some functional equations.

Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from the Tuber of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes

Ritu Prajapati,성수희,김형락,정현아,최재수 한국생약학회 2020 Natural Product Sciences Vol.26 No.3

Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes (red kohlrabi) is a biennial herbaceous vegetable whose edible bulbotuber-like stem and leaves are consumed globally. Sliced red kohlrabi tubers were extracted using methanol and the concentrated extract was partitioned successively with dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH) and water (H2O). Repeated column chromatography of EtOAc fraction through silica, sephadex LH-20 and RP-18 gel led to isolation of eleven compounds of which compound 1 was a new glycosylated indole alkaloid derivative, 1-methoxyindole 3-carboxylic acid 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Others were known compounds namely, β-sitosterol glucoside (4), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5), methyl-1-thio-β-D-glucopyranosyl disulfide (6), 5-hydroxy-2-pyridinemethanol (7), (3S,4R)-2-deoxyribonolactone (8), n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside (9), uridine (10) and three fructose derivatives, D-tagatose (11), β-D-fructofuranose (12) and β-D-fructopyranose (13). Similarly, isolation from CH2Cl2 fraction gave two known indole alkaloids, indole 3-acetonitrile (2) and N-methoxyindole 3-acetonitrile (3). The structure elucidation and identification of these compounds were conducted with the help of 13C and 1H NMR, HMBC, HMQC, EIMS, HR-ESIMS and IR spectroscopic data, and TLC plate spots visualization. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are noted to occur in kohlrabi for the first time. Different bioactivities of these isolated compounds have been reported in literature.

The Effect of Rare Earth Metal Doping in  Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 Ceramic on Microstructure, Dielectric and Electrical Properties

Dinesh Prajapati,Vishnu Shankar Rai,Vinod Kumar,Manish Kumar Verma,Atendra Kumar,N. B. Singh,K. D. Mandal 한국전기전자재료학회 2023 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.24 No.3

An Aurivillius oxide, Bi(2/3)-xGdxCu3Ti4O12 (x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20) ceramic designated as BGCTO-0.05, BGCTO-0.1 and BGCTO-0.2 has been fabricated by modified solid-state route resemble with semi wet route and characterized by using various techniques including XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM and XPS for getting information about phase formation, morphology, particle size distribution and oxidation state of elements of synthesized ceramics. X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the single-phase formation of BGCTO ceramic. The crystalline nature of BGCTO ceramic for few selected compositions, x = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 were observed by TEM analysis. Further, particle size was determined with the help of Image J software and found to be 90.85 ± 5 nm, 75.35 ± 5 nm and 72.43 ± 5 nm, respectively for BGCTO-0.05, BGCTO-0.1 and BGCTO-0.2 ceramic. The dielectric permittivity (εr) as well as tangent loss (tan δ) was observed at room temperature and 1 kHz for all synthesized ceramics. The electrical behaviour of BGCTO ceramic revealed the presence of semiconducting grain separated by grain boundaries.

Investigation on Bonding Strength and Tribological Performances of Ceramic Laminated AA6063 Composite Developed by Friction Stir Additive Manufacturing

Ravi Prajapati,Suryank Dwivedi,Deepak Kumar,Ashish Kumar Srivastava,Amit Rai Dixit 한국정밀공학회 2024 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.11 No.1

The demand for novel laminated sheets encouraged using newer technologies to produce tailored materials for multipurpose applications. An inventive solid-state joining method: friction stir additive manufacturing, which offers several advantages over traditional lamination processes. In this study, the Al2O3 powder is used as reinforcement during AA6063/Al2O3/AA6063 composites fabrication. The fabricated specimen was characterized by bonding features such as thickness reduction, metallography, mechanical properties, and tribological performances and compared with sheet lamination and base metal. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscopic images showed that the Al2O3 powder is distributed within the composites. The structural analysis at the interface of the fabricated composite was conducted through X-ray diffraction, confirming the compounds like Mg2SiO4, Mg2Al4, and Al2O3 in the crystallographic planes. The microstructural and morphological results of the laminated composite showed the refined and equiaxed grains and also depicted the dispersion of the Al2O3 powder near the stir zone. The microhardness properties were enhanced and obtained as 91.2 HV and 77.5 HV with and without reinforcement, respectively. Further, the ultimate tensile strength with and without reinforcement is improved by 36.9% and 24.7% compared to the base metal. Furthermore, the tribological analysis was performed at variable process parameters. Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array and variance analysis (ANOVA) were done to analyze the effect of individual parameters and their significance. The obtained results showed that load and frequency are significant parameters during the tribology test. The laminated composite's specific wear rate, wear depth, and COF values are less than the sheet lamination and align with ANOVA test results. Furthermore, the wear mechanism was observed, and it was found that sheet lamination has high wear at increased load when compared to laminated composite parts. Therefore, the obtained results dictate that the addition of Al2O3 powder can significantly enhance the bonding strength, mechanical and tribological properties of the fabricated composites.

A Binary Classifier Using Fully Connected Neural Network for Alzheimer’s Disease Classification

Rukesh Prajapati,권구락 한국멀티미디어학회 2022 The journal of multimedia information system Vol.9 No.1

Early-stage diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) from Cognitively Normal (CN) patients is crucial because treatment at an early stage of AD can prevent further progress in the AD’s severity in the future. Recently, computer-aided diagnosis using magnetic resonance image (MRI) has shown better performance in the classification of AD. However, these methods use a traditional machine learning algorithm that requires supervision and uses a combination of many complicated processes. In recent research, the performance of deep neural networks has outperformed the traditional machine learning algorithms. The ability to learn from the data and extract features on its own makes the neural networks less prone to errors. In this paper, a dense neural network is designed for binary classification of Alzheimer’s disease. To create a classifier with better results, we studied result of different activation functions in the prediction. We obtained results from 5-folds validations with combinations of different activation functions and compared with each other, and the one with the best validation score is used to classify the test data. In this experiment, features used to train the model are obtained from the ADNI database after processing them using FreeSurfer software. For 5-folds validation, two groups: AD and CN are classified. The proposed DNN obtained better accuracy than the traditional machine learning algorithms and the compared previous studies for AD vs. CN, AD vs. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and MCI vs. CN classifications, respectively. This neural network is robust and better.