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Improving Product Quality through Conflict Management: A Study of Hong Kong ODM Suppliers
Lam, Ping-Kit,Chin, Kwai-Sang The Korean Society for Quality Management 2004 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.5 No.2
Client-supplier collaboration in new product development (NPD) has been a strategy in response to fierce global competition. Traditionally, Hong Kong suppliers collaborate with worldwide clients through original equipment manufacturing (OEM) arrangement in which suppliers manufacture products according to clients' design. In recent years, a growing number of Hong Kong suppliers have transformed to original design manufacturing (ODM) in which they are assigned a design responsibility other than manufacturing products. The ODM arrangement necessitates a close interaction between clients and suppliers, which brings about intense conflict. Conflict has been recognized as an important factor affecting NPD performance including product quality. This paper studies the conflict handling practices of Hong Kong ODM suppliers based on 87 survey data. The results show that the suppliers frequently adopt effective conflict handling practices by which they can develop products of good quality through better design decisions. The results also suggest that the use of ineffective conflict handling behaviors, particularly avoiding, should be reduced for better product quality.
Lam, Ping-Kit,Chin, Kwai-Sang,Cheung, Wai-Ying The Korean Society for Quality Management 2006 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.7 No.1
Client-supplier collaboration has been an imperative approach to new product development (NPD), in which a good product specification management system and practice is crucial to the assurance of product quality. This study investigates product specification management in client-supplier collaborative NPD. Based on the interviews and survey study, 12 problems and 13 good practices of product specification management are identified. It also compares the importance and degree of the implementation of the product specification practices in Hong Kong electronics industry. The results suggest that more intensive practices should be implemented for better product specification management.
Kam Sum Chan,Kit Ping Loretta Lai,Pang Fai Chan,Man Hei Matthew Luk,Vai Kiong David Chao 대한고혈압학회 2019 Clinical Hypertension Vol.25 No.2
Purpose: The current gold standard for the diagnosis of white-coat effect is by the 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) which may not be readily available in every primary care setting. Previous studies had shown that deep breathing, through modulating the baroreceptor reflex sensitivity to vagal stimulation over 30 to 60 s, was useful in detection of the white-coat effect. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the deep breathing test (DBT) as compared with the gold standard of ABPM in the diagnosis of hypertension with white-coat effect in Chinese patients in primary care. Methods: This cross sectional study recruited 178 consecutive, eligible, consented, hypertensive patients receiving treatment at a local public primary care Hypertension Clinic. The diagnostic accuracy of the DBT in all recruited patients, patients not taking beta-adrenergic blockers and patients with different clinic SBP cut-off before the DBT by means of area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values was evaluated. Results: The results for the ROC curves for systolic and diastolic BP changes after the DBT were statistically insignificant. The ROC curve was statistically significant for SBP change in patients not taking beta-adrenergic blockers and with pre-DBT clinic SBP ≥ 165 mmHg (ROC curve area of 0.719, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.91, p = 0.04). The corresponding sensitivity and specificity of the DBT were 40.9 and 90.9% respectively if SBP drop was > 30 mmHg. Conclusion: The DBT, even though could not be clinically applied to all patients, was proven to be a potential screening and diagnostic test for white-coat effect in Chinese hypertensive patients with a pre-test SBP of ≥165 mmHg and who were not taking beta-adrenergic blockers. Trial registration: This study was approved by Kowloon East Cluster/ Kowloon Central Cluster Research Ethics Committee/Institutional Review Board of Hospital Authority of Hong Kong under the registration KC/KE-16-0084/ER-3.
Supratentorial Intraparenchymal Haemorrhages during Spine Surgery
Leung, Gilberto Ka Kit,Chan, Johnny Ping Hon The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2014 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.55 No.2
Intracranial haemorrhages are rare but potentially life-threatening complications of spine surgery. Most reported cases involved subdural or cerebellar haemorrhages; supratentorial parenchymal bleeding is very uncommon. We report a 28-year-old woman who underwent resection of a thoracic Ewing's sarcoma, and developed fatal haemorrhages around her cerebral metastases during surgery. The clinical presentations, possible pathogenesis and potential preventive measures are discussed. Patients with disseminated metastases within the neural axis are at risks of intracranial complications during spine surgery. The presence of intracranial mass lesions should be considered as a relative contraindication to intradural spine surgery.