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Kim, Kyoung-Han,Kim, Yun Hye,Son, Joe Eun,Lee, Ju Hee,Kim, Sarah,Choe, Min Seon,Moon, Joon Ho,Zhong, Jian,Fu, Kiya,Lenglin, Florine,Yoo, Jeong-Ah,Bilan, Philip J,Klip, Amira,Nagy, Andras,Kim, Jae-Ryon Nature Publishing Group 2017 Cell research Vol.27 No.11
<P>Intermittent fasting (IF), a periodic energy restriction, has been shown to provide health benefits equivalent to prolonged fasting or caloric restriction. However, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IF-mediated metabolic benefits is limited. Here we show that isocaloric IF improves metabolic homeostasis against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction primarily through adipose thermogenesis in mice. IF-induced metabolic benefits require fasting-mediated increases of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). Furthermore, periodic adipose-VEGF overexpression could recapitulate the metabolic improvement of IF in non-fasted animals. Importantly, fasting and adipose-VEGF induce alternative activation of adipose macrophage, which is critical for thermogenesis. Human adipose gene analysis further revealed a positive correlation of adipose VEGF-M2 macrophage-WAT browning axis. The present study uncovers the molecular mechanism of IF-mediated metabolic benefit and suggests that isocaloric IF can be a preventive and therapeutic approach against obesity and metabolic disorders.</P>
Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes
Kim, Keun Soo,Zhao, Yue,Jang, Houk,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jong Min,Kim, Kwang S.,Ahn, Jong-Hyun,Kim, Philip,Choi, Jae-Young,Hong, Byung Hee Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2009 Nature Vol.457 No.7230
Problems associated with large-scale pattern growth of graphene constitute one of the main obstacles to using this material in device applications. Recently, macroscopic-scale graphene films were prepared by two-dimensional assembly of graphene sheets chemically derived from graphite crystals and graphene oxides. However, the sheet resistance of these films was found to be much larger than theoretically expected values. Here we report the direct synthesis of large-scale graphene films using chemical vapour deposition on thin nickel layers, and present two different methods of patterning the films and transferring them to arbitrary substrates. The transferred graphene films show very low sheet resistance of ∼280 Ω per square, with ∼80 per cent optical transparency. At low temperatures, the monolayers transferred to silicon dioxide substrates show electron mobility greater than 3,700 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP> and exhibit the half-integer quantum Hall effect, implying that the quality of graphene grown by chemical vapour deposition is as high as mechanically cleaved graphene. Employing the outstanding mechanical properties of graphene, we also demonstrate the macroscopic use of these highly conducting and transparent electrodes in flexible, stretchable, foldable electronics.
Kim, Byung Chan,Kim, Hyerim,Lee, Hye Soo,Kim, Su Hyun,Cho, Do-Hyun,Jung, Hee Ju,Bhatia, Shashi Kant,Yune, Philip S.,Joo, Hwang-Soo,Kim, Jae-Seok,Kim, Wooseong,Yang, Yung-Hun The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.6
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes severe infections and poses a global healthcare challenge. The utilization of novel molecules which confer synergistical effects to existing MRSA-directed antibiotics is one of the well-accepted strategies in lieu of de novo development of new antibiotics. Thymol is a key component of the essential oil of plants in the Thymus and Origanum genera. Despite the absence of antimicrobial potency, thymol is known to inhibit MRSA biofilm formation. However, the anti-MRSA activity of thymol analogs is not well characterized. Here, we assessed the antimicrobial activity of several thymol derivatives and found that 4-chloro-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol (chlorothymol) has antimicrobial activity against MRSA and in addition it also prevents biofilm formation. Chlorothymol inhibited staphyloxanthin production, slowed MRSA motility, and altered bacterial cell density and size. This compound also showed a synergistic antimicrobial activity with oxacillin against highly resistant S. aureus clinical isolates and biofilms associated with these isolates. Our results demonstrate that chlorinated thymol derivatives should be considered as a new lead compound in anti-MRSA therapeutics.
Kim, Kwang-Shik,Kim, Byung-Young,Kim, Tae-Hwa,Kim, Won-Bae,Liu, Jianzhu,Lee, Jung-Yeon,Kim, Duck-Hwan,Rogers, Philip A.M. The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2005 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.45 No.4
A 6-month-old male Poodle was referred with chief complaint of dysponea and cough. Cyanosis was not detected. This dog was diagnosed as a case of canine patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by X-ray and ultrasonography. Diuretics and bronchodialators were administered for 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms were not improved. Thoracotomy was done at right recumbent position. The length of ductus arteriosus was 8 mm and the diameter was 6 mm, respectively. Double ligation was performed in surgery. Continuous cardiac murmur, cough and strong femoral pulsation were disappeared after surgery. The diameters of the pulmonary artery and vein found to normal by X-ray on 10 days after operation. The diameter of the aorta measured to be larger than that of the main pulmonary artery by ultrasonography. The fractional shortening (FS) on 10 days after surgery was 17.32% by ultrasonography. The needle-acupuncture therapy was used in acupoints BL-15 as local point plus PC-6, HT-7 and HT-5 as distant points for 3 days (15 min/once/a day). The FSs were increased to 21.31% and 29.44% at 1 and on 3 days after acupuncture, respectively. The present patient was a case of typical canine PDA that showed favorable therapeutic responses by surgery combined with needle-acupuncture treatment.
TRAO Multi-beam Legacy Survey of Nearby Filamentary Molecular Clouds : Progress Report
ShinYoung Kim,Eun Jung Chung,Chang Won Lee,Philip C. Myers,Paola Caselli,Mario Tafalla,Gwanjeong Kim,Miryang Kim,Archana Soam,Maheswar Gophinathan,Tie Liu,Kyounghee Kim,Woojin Kwon,Jongsoo Kim 한국천문학회 2017 天文學會報 Vol.42 No.1
Near-field focusing and magnification through self-assembled nanoscale spherical lenses
Lee, Ju Young,Hong, Byung Hee,Kim, Woo Youn,Min, Seung Kyu,Kim, Yukyung,Jouravlev, Mikhail V.,Bose, Ranojoy,Kim, Keun Soo,Hwang, In-Chul,Kaufman, Laura J.,Wong, Chee Wei,Kim, Philip,Kim, Kwang S. Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2009 Nature Vol.460 No.7254
It is well known that a lens-based far-field optical microscope cannot resolve two objects beyond Abbe’s diffraction limit. Recently, it has been demonstrated that this limit can be overcome by lensing effects driven by surface-plasmon excitation, and by fluorescence microscopy driven by molecular excitation. However, the resolution obtained using geometrical lens-based optics without such excitation schemes remains limited by Abbe’s law even when using the immersion technique, which enhances the resolution by increasing the refractive indices of immersion liquids. As for submicrometre-scale or nanoscale objects, standard geometrical optics fails for visible light because the interactions of such objects with light waves are described inevitably by near-field optics. Here we report near-field high resolution by nanoscale spherical lenses that are self-assembled by bottom-up integration of organic molecules. These nanolenses, in contrast to geometrical optics lenses, exhibit curvilinear trajectories of light, resulting in remarkably short near-field focal lengths. This in turn results in near-field magnification that is able to resolve features beyond the diffraction limit. Such spherical nanolenses provide new pathways for lens-based near-field focusing and high-resolution optical imaging at very low intensities, which are useful for bio-imaging, near-field lithography, optical memory storage, light harvesting, spectral signal enhancing, and optical nano-sensing.
Edge Computing Based Pickup and Delivery Optimization for Warehouse
Philip Tobianto Daely,Jae-Woo Kim,Jae Min Lee,Dong-Seong Kim 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.2
The pickup and delivery process is a very crucial element in the day-to-day operation of warehouses. Automation for this process using robots is effective in decreasing operational costs and increasing overall warehouse logistics performance. Assigning pickup and delivery tasks to robots is a challenge that needs to be solved, as the warehouse needs to perform this process as fast as possible. This paper proposed an edge-computing based architecture that can effectively assign a task to a suitable robot. The assignment processes were performed by several edge nodes using a bio-inspired algorithm. The simulations over a mock-up warehouse floor plan showed that the proposed architecture could reduce messages ingoing to and outgoing from a cloud server, decreasing the computation burden and keeping the pickup and delivery processes to be executed before their deadlines.
Kim, Hong-Man,Ryou, Sang-Mi,Song, Woo-Seok,Sim, Se-Hoon,Cha, Chang-Jun,Han, Seung Hyun,Ha, Nam-Chul,Kim, Jae-Hong,Bae, Jeehyeon,Cunningham, Philip R.,Lee, Kangseok American Society for Microbiology 2009 Journal of Bacteriology Vol.191 No.7
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Previous studies identified G791 in <I>Escherichia coli</I> 16S rRNA as an invariant residue for ribosome function. In order to establish the functional role of this residue in protein synthesis, we searched for multicopy suppressors of the mutant ribosomes that bear a G-to-U substitution at position 791. We identified <I>relA</I>, a gene whose product has been known to interact with ribosomes and trigger a stringent response. Overexpression of RelA resulted in the synthesis of approximately 1.5 times more chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) protein than could be synthesized by the mutant ribosomes in the absence of RelA overexpression. The ratio of mutant rRNA to the total ribosome pool was not changed, and the steady-state level of CAT mRNA was decreased by RelA overexpression. These data confirmed that the phenotype of RelA as a multicopy suppressor of the mutant ribosome did not result from the enhanced synthesis of mutant rRNA or CAT mRNA from the plasmid. To test whether the phenotype of RelA was related to the stringent response induced by the increased cellular level of (p)ppGpp, we screened for mutant RelA proteins whose overexpression enhances CAT protein synthesis by the mutant ribosomes as effectively as wild-type RelA overexpression and then screened for those whose overexpression does not produce sufficiently high levels of (p)ppGpp to trigger the stringent response under the condition of amino acid starvation. Overexpression of the isolated mutant RelA proteins resulted in the accumulation of (p)ppGpp in cells, which was amounted to approximately 18.2 to 38.9% of the level of (p)ppGpp found in cells that overexpress the wild-type RelA. These findings suggest that the function of RelA as a multicopy suppressor of the mutant ribosome does not result from its (p)ppGpp synthetic activity. We conclude that RelA has a previously unrecognized role in ribosome function.</P>