Richard S. Peters의 道德敎育論

임태평 嶺南大學校 1987 국내박사

Spatial segregation in complex urban systems: Housing and public policy in Santiago, Chile

Peters, Paul Adrian The University of Texas at Austin 2009 해외박사(DDOD)

The growth of mega-cities within the developing world has presented extreme challenges to ensuring the fundamental well-being of the general population and providing basic access to social services for all, especially adequate housing. Urban change in the mega-city has been particularly rapid and has involved a complex interaction between multiple actors at multiple levels. Tracing the patterns of urban development within this context is complex and involves incorporating the interactions between civil society, markets, and the state, operating at both micro and macro levels. Of key importance is the manner and degree to which the interaction or isolation between different agents shapes development patterns. This dissertation examines how residential segregation in Latin American cities in general, and Santiago, Chile in particular, is influenced by shifts in policy and planning and how advanced research methods can expose the linkages between social segregation, urban planning structures, and housing production. The primary goal of the research is to examine the nature of socio-spatial segregation in Metropolitan Santiago and the role that urban planning and formal housing provision plays in (re)producing or reducing the separation of different social groups. Santiago presents an ideal case for analyzing complex urban systems as it has developed under a strongly centralized state with formal housing provision processes and mature urban planning programs. While the physical patterns of socio-spatial segregation are broadly similar to many other Latin American cities, unique differences have emerged. Using a mixed-methods approach, the dissertation relates the policy and planning of housing programs, analytic evaluation of segregation patterns, and the simulation of segregation processes over time. The patterns and processes of socio-spatial segregation in Santiago are analyzed in detail via the macro- and micro-level structures of housing provision and urban planning. The central methodological contribution of the research is the employment of exploratory and simulation approaches, whereby formal methods that reinforce or reduce segregation are examined within a multi-level cellular automata model. The results of the dissertation suggest that patterns of segregation in Santiago are spatially and temporally heterogeneous, pointing to a complex relationship between the processes of urban governance, planning, and housing production.

Computations of Heegaard Floer homology: Torus bundles, L-spaces, and correction terms

Peters, Thomas David Columbia University 2010 해외박사(DDOD)

In this thesis we study some computations and applications of Heegaard Floer homology. Specifically, we show how the Floer homology of a torus bundle is always "monic" in a certain sense, extending a result of Ozsvath and Szabo. We also explore the relation between Heegaard Floer homology L-spaces and non-left orderability of three-manifold groups. Finally, we discuss a concordance invariant coming from the Floer homology of +/-1-surgeries.

Complex mixed metal vanadate, molybdate, and tungstate oxides

Smit, Jared Peters Northwestern University 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

The lyonsite structure has been investigated by single crystal x-ray diffraction, powder x-ray diffraction, and vibrational Raman spectroscopy. The complete solid solution □1/4-x/6Li4x/3Mg 15/4-7x/6V3/2-xMo3/2+xO12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.5) between the end members Mg2.5VMoO8 (x = 0) and Li2Mg2(MoO4)3 (x = 1.5) demonstrates the adaptive nature of the lyonsite crystal framework. Owing to this adaptability, oxidation states +1 through +5 can be found on the A site. Single crystals of the new lyonsite type oxides Li2.82Hf0.795Mo 3O12 and Li3.35Ta0.53Mo3O 12, where hafnium and tantalum retain their highest oxidation states were grown. These phases exhibit a compositional range which reflects replacement of the higher valent Hf4+ or Ta5+ with Li + given by □1-3xLi2+4xHf1-xMo 3O12 (0.19 ≤ x ≤ 0.22) and □2-4xLi 1+5xTa1-xMo3O12 (0.40 ≤ x ≤ 0.47). When titanium was used in place of hafnium, single crystals of M-Li2 Mo4O13 were obtained. M-Li2Mo 4O13 is one of three polymorphs, each V6O 13 homeotypes that reflect a unique distribution of Li and Mo. Single crystal x-ray and powder neutron diffraction studies of Mg 2.5VMoO8 and Mg2.5VWO8 revealed that 1/16th of the Mg2+ sites are vacant. High frequency Raman vibrational bands (> 1000 cm-1) similar to the bands from Mo=O and W=O double bonds on oxide surfaces, suggest that higher order Mo-O and W-O bonds are associated with the cation vacancies. Quantum mechanical simulations of the Raman spectrum of Mg2.5VMoO8 confirm that the higher order bonds are associated with these vacancies. The catalytic propane oxidative dehydrogenation properties of several vanadate, molybdate, and tungstate oxides were investigated. The catalysts were found to react between 1016 and 1019 molecules·second -1·cm-3 with typically one percent (alpha = 0.01) of the surface area active.

Temperament, emotional state, masturbation addiction, and cyber pornography addiction among college students in south korea

Peters Baronese Harriet 삼육대학교 2017 국내박사

ABSTRACT Sexually explicit material represents a significant part of contemporary internet, with individuals becoming exposed to it at progressively younger ages. This exposure could impact their emotional, psychological and physical health in the long run, leading to the development of addiction and difficulties in connecting with others to form relationships. The aim of this study is to evaluate the consumption of cyber pornography in order to identify indicators of addictive behaviour and evidence of guilt about the use of pornography and masturbation. The sample population was chosen from among undergraduate students in a Christian private college in South Korea, a country with known online restrictions and a ban on cyber pornography, which is not enforced in practice. Building on Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory and continuing with a thorough analysis of the literature, all hypotheses were analyzed, and have led to the conclusion that male students are more likely to develop an addictive behavior in comparison to female students, while feelings of guilt are more acute in female students with addictive behavior. From a total of 457 participants, 81% were aged between 18 and 21 years and 76.4% declared themselves as Non-Christians. Data showed males consume more pornography than females, with higher likelihood for addiction (41.33% compared to 29.01% in the case of females). Moreover, the data showed that individuals who indicated signs of pornography addiction also consumed pornography more frequently than individuals without an addiction. In addition, the data showed a strong positive correlation between frequency of consumption and guilt, a behavior consistent with addiction. In conclusion, the study indicates male students consume more pornography than female students, a high frequency of consumption is a reliable indicator of pornography addiction, and there is a correlation between addictive behavior and negative feelings associated with consumption (such as guilt). Moreover, addiction was associated with guilt after masturbation, indicators of penitence being found in the case of participants who claimed they were Christian. It is recommended that future studies evaluate the feelings of guilt and shame after masturbation in relation to other religious confessions, to determine if a correlation exists and to design strategies to support male and female students in distress regarding cyber pornography.

Essays on Corporate Investment Dynamics

Peters, Ryan Peters ProQuest Dissertations & Theses University of Penn 2017 해외박사(DDOD)

This dissertation contains two paper. The first, "Volatility and Venture Capital," demonstrates that the performance of venture capital (VC) investments load positively on shocks to aggregate return volatility. I document this novel source of risk at the asset-class, fund, and portfolio-company levels. The positive relation between VC performance and volatility is driven by the option-like structure of VC investments, especially by VCs' contractual option to reinvest. At the asset-class level, shocks to aggregate volatility explain a substantial fraction of VC returns. At the fund level, consistent with the reinvestment channel, this exposure is concentrated in years two through four of fund life and in early-stage VC funds, which have more embedded reinvestment options. For VC-backed portfolio companies, volatility shocks correlate with faster and more frequent reinvestment. The level of volatility at the time of investment has no relation with future performance, consistent with competitive markets. Overall, my results imply that the option-like features of VC investments are first-order determinants of risk in VC. The second paper, "Intangible Capital and the Investment-q Relation," shows that the neoclassical theory of investment, which has mainly been tested with physical investment, also helps explain intangible investment. At the firm level, Tobin's q explains physical and intangible investment roughly equally well, and it explains total investment even better. Compared with physical capital, intangible capital adjusts more slowly to changes in investment opportunities. The classic q theory performs better in firms and years with more intangible capital: Total and even physical investment are better explained by Tobin's q and are less sensitive to cash flow. At the macro level, Tobin's q explains intangible investment many times better than physical investment. We propose a simple, new Tobin's q proxy that accounts for intangible capital, and we show that it is a superior proxy for both physical and intangible investment opportunities.

Evaluation of the overjustification hypothesis

Peters, Kerri Patricia University of Florida 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

The utility of reinforcement-based procedures has been well established in the behavior analysis literature. However, the overjustification effect is one commonly cited criticism of programs that use rewards. Rewards are frequently delivered in school settings and include grades, stickers, social praise, and star charts. The overjustification hypothesis suggests that the delivery of an extrinsic (socially mediated) reward contingent on engagement with an activity that previously occurs at some level without apparent socially mediated reinforcement will result in a reduction in the amount of engagement in that activity from baseline levels when the reward phase is discontinued. This series of studies evaluated the effects of delivering tangible rewards contingent on engagement with age-appropriate leisure activities on the amount of engagement in the condition after reinforcement was discontinued. The subjects in Studies 1-3 were children in first grade. In these studies, tangible rewards were delivered for engaging with the preferred activities under different conditions, for example when one or several items was or were available at a time. The results did not support the overjustification hypothesis; however they suggest that extended exposure to a preferred item may have effects that look similar to the overjustification effect. Study 4 was a direct replication of a landmark study evaluating the overjustification hypothesis conducted by Deci (1971). The subjects in Study 4 were undergraduate students. Contrary to previous findings, both groups showed a decrease in engagement across the study and individual data varied greatly, not providing support for the overjustification effect.

Grundzuge sektoraler Wirtschaftspolitik

Peters, Hans-Rudolf Paul Haupt 1975 국내석사

Power and professionalization: Occupational therapy 1950 to 1980

Peters, Christine Olga New York University 2006 해외박사(DDOD)

A community of therapists changed occupational therapy between 1950 until 1980 to a science-based profession. This study examined the commitment and power of a cohort of therapists, primarily women, who positioned themselves in strategic arenas, to market the emerging profession. Three research questions were answered: (1) How did occupational therapy's supporting body of knowledge affect the development of the profession between 1950 and 1980? (2) Who were the occupational therapy scholars and leaders, and why did they support professionalism? and (3) What occupational therapists beliefs and actions shaped occupational therapy's evolution as a science-based profession?. Ten occupational therapists, who led the American Occupational Therapy Association, and the American Occupational Therapy Foundation during a period of dynamic growth, gave in depth oral histories that filled in archival gaps. Analyzing and deconstructing their words, in addition to studying primary and secondary documents, showed that the community culture consisted of a hierarchy with insiders and outsiders. These therapists, categorized as theorists and futurists, political movers and new and old guard sustainers, determined occupational therapy's direction. Occupational therapy's evolution was part of a larger story about history of professions, particularly female dominated professions. By participating in American social movements, including the 1950s rehabilitation movement, the 1960s equal rights movement, and the 1970s women's movements, the community of therapists separated from the male-dominated medical model to gain professional authority. Creating an interesting dichotomy, an internal tension arouse between those therapists embracing an objective, and arguably male science, and those supporting a characteristically feminine caring philosophical base. Overt debate, allowing important dialogue about the nature and purpose of occupational therapy's knowledge was not part of the community culture. Why did community leaders ostracize and isolate theorists and scholars who challenged traditional occupational therapy views?. I argue that developing a theoretical knowledge base was not enough to legitimize occupational therapy. Community insiders saw science, particularly in the late 1960s, as an opportunity to gain professional jurisdiction and viability in a competitive health care environment.

An Anonymous and Distributed Approach to Improving Privacy in Cloud Computing: An Analysis of Privacy-Preserving Tools & Applications

Peters, Emmanuel Sean Columbia University ProQuest Dissertations & These 2017 해외박사(DDOD)

The seemingly limitless computing resources and power of the cloud has made it ubiquitous. However, despite its utility and widespread adoption in several everyday applications the cloud still suffers from several trust and privacy concerns. Many of these concerns are validated by the endless reports of cyber-attacks that compromise the private information of large numbers of users. A review of the literature reveals the following challenges with privacy in cloud computing: (1) Although there is a wealth of approaches that attempt to prevent cyber-attacks, these approach ignore the reality that system compromises are inevitable; every system can and will be compromised. (2) There are a handful of metrics for the security of systems, however, the current literature is lacking in privacy metrics that can be used to compare the privacy of across various systems. (3) One of the difficulties with addressing of privacy in cloud computing is the inevitable trade-off between privacy and utility; many privacy-preserving techniques sacrifice more utility than needed in an attempt to achieve the unattainable, perfect privacy. In this dissertation we present our contributions that address the aforementioned privacy challenges supported by the literature. We base our approach on the assumption that every system can and will be compromised; we focused on mitigating the adverse effects of a cyber-attack by limiting the amount of information that is compromised during an attack. Our contribution is twofold and includes (1) a set of tools for designing privacy-mitigating applications and measuring privacy and (2) two applications designed using the aforementioned tools. We will first describe three tools that we used to design two applications. These tools are: (1) The processing graph and its collection of creation protocols. The processing graph is the mechanism we used to partition data across multiple units of cloud-based storage and processing; it also manages the flow of processed information between components and is customizable based on the specific needs of the user; (2) A privacy metric based in information theory. We use this metric to compare the amount of information compromised when centralized and distributed systems are attacked; (3) The third tool is the extension of the double-locked box protocol in the cloud environment. The double-locked box protocol facilitates anonymous between two entities via an intermediary. We then present two applications that utilize the aforementioned tools to improve the privacy of storing and processing a user's data. These applications are (1) the anonymous tax preparation application and (2) the distributed insurance clearinghouse and distributed electronic health record. We show how the creation protocols are used to establish progressing graphs to privately complete a user's tax form and process a patient's insurance claim form. We also highlight the future work in medical research that is made possible because of our contributions; our approach allows for medical research to be conducted on data without risking the identity of patients. For each application we perform a privacy analysis that employs the privacy metric; in these privacy analyses, we compare both applications to their centralized counterparts and show the reduction in the amount of information revealed during an attack. Based on our analysis, the anonymous tax preparation application reduces the amount of compromised information in the event of an attack by up 64%. Similarly, the distributed insurance clearinghouse reduces the amount of patient data revealed during an attack by up to 79%.