學生의 體格이 體能에 미치는響影 : 第一報 國民學生의 體格相互間 그리고 體格과 體能과의 相關 Ⅰ. Relationships among Various Physiques and Correlations between the Physiques and the Physical Functions of Pupils in Primary Schools

劉德時,權判根 慶尙大學校 1973 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

體格이 體能에 미치는 영향을 알기 위하여 그의 第1報로 國民學校 學生을 대상으로 男女別, 년령별로 身長, 體重, 胸圍, 坐高등 體格要因 相互間 그리고 이들 體格과 100m 달리기, 도움닫기, 멀리뛰기, 던지기, 턱걸이 (女學生은 팔굽혀 매달리기)등의 體能種目과의 相關關係 들을 調査 測定한바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 體格 즉 身長, 體重, 胸圍, 坐高의 男女別, 년령별로 측정한 평균치는 第1表와 같이 년령이 增加함에 따라 이들 측정치도 증가하고 신장과 체중은 男學生이 女學生보다 크고 胸圍와 坐高에 있어서도 9歲와 10歲群에서는 남학생이 크나 11歲群에서는 胸圍와 坐高가 여학생이 남학생보다 그 평균치가 크다. 2. 體能種目에 대하여 남녀별, 년령별로 측정한 平均値는 第2表와 같이 연령의 증가에 따라 100m 달리기와 도움닫기 멀리뚜기는 남학생이나 여학생의 구별없이 증가하였고 남학생이 여학생 보다 더 좋은 記錄을 얻을 수 있었다. 수류탄 던지기도 년령의 증가에 따라 더 나은 기록을 나타내었으나 이 던지기는 남학생이 여학생에 비하여 倍에 가까운 좋은 성적을 나타내었으나 남학생의 턱걸이 여학생의 팔굽혀 매달리기는 년령에 따라서 일정한 傾向을 볼 수 없었다. 3. 體格 相互間의 相關關係는 身長과 坐高, 身長과 胸圍, 體重과 坐高, 體重과 相互間에는 男女學生, 년령을 不問하고 높은 相關關係를 나타내었으나 胸圍와 坐高 相互間에는 뚜렷한 關係가 보이지 아니하며 身長과 體重間에는 여학생의 경우에는 높은 相關關係를 나타내나 男學生의 경우는 이들 상호간에 相關關係를 나타내지 아니하였다. 4. 體能種目 相互間의 相關關係는 第4表와 같이 100m 달리기와 수류탄 던지기와, 도움닫기 넓이뚜기 相互間에는 男女學生, 년령을 불문하고 相關關係를 나타내었고 100m 달리기와 男學生의 턱걸이 相互間에는 正의 相關의 경향이 보이고 女學生의 경우에는 100m 달리기와 팔굽혀 매달리기 相互間에는 相關의 경향을 보였으나 도움닫기 넓이뛰기 수류탄 던지기 男學生의 턱걸이 女學生의 팔굽혀 매달리기 相互間에는 相關關係를 보이지 아니하였다. 5. 身長, 體重, 胸圍, 坐高 등 體格要因과 體能種目인 100m 달리기, 넓이뚜기, 던지기, 턱걸이 (女學生은 매달리기)와의 相關關係를 男女別로, 년령별로 본바 그 結果는 表5表와 같다. 대체로 體格과 100m달리기, 體格과 턱걸이(女學生은 매달리기) 相互間에는負의 相關關係를 보였고 體格과 넓이뛰기, 體格과 던지기 相互間에는 正의 相關關係를 나타내었다. 6. 體格 要因의 測定値를 알고 體能種目을 推定하기 위하여 體格을 X, 體能種目을 Y로 하여 回歸方程式을 구하여 본바 第6表와 같고 이들 回歸方程式은 體能을 判定하는데 參考가 되고 또 體格과 體能種目과의 相關關係가 體育指導의 科學化, 合理的인 助言을 하는데, 參考資料로 活用하는데 도움이 되었으며 다행으로 생각하는 바이다. Statistical studies were carried out to make dear the relationships between some physiques i·e·height,, weight, chest grith and sitting height and some physical functions i·e·l00m sprint, runway broad jump hand bomb throwing and pull-ups(flexed arm hang for girls) in primary pupils. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Body height, weight, chest grith and Sitting height were increased by adding the ages, and these mean values were more in boys than in girls, respectively. However, chest grith and sitting height were rapidly increased from 11 ages in girls compared with boys in primary schools. 2. Good records were recorded in 100m sprint and runway broad jump by increasing the ages, and also remarkable records were recorded in hand bomb throwing in boys compared with girls. However, there was on any tendency or differences in pull-ups or flexed arm hang by changing the ages of boys and girls. 3. It was observed that there were close relationships between body height and sitting height, body height and chest grith, weight and sitting height, and between weight and chest grith, respectively. However, there is no any close relationships between chest grith and sittiong height, body height and weight, except between height and weight in girls. 4. There negative correlations between l00m sprint and hand bomb throwing, 100m sprint and runway broad jump, and between 100m sprint and flexed arm hang(in girls), but there were some positive correlations between l00m sprint and pull-ups(in boys) in primary schools. And there was on any relations among another some physical functions. 5. There were some negative correlations between several physiques and physical functions, namely 100m sprint and pull-ups in boys, 100m sprint and flexed arm hang in girls. And it was also recognized there were some positve correlations between each physique and runway broad jump, and between each physique and hand bomb throwing, respectively. 6. It was also calculated various regression coefficients and regression equation formulae in different ages to estimate the physical functions for useful physical education and evaluation of physical fitnesss as shown in table 6.

바이오리듬이 射擊競技記錄에 미치는 影響

李商鐘,盧邦煥 全北大學校附設 스포츠科學硏究所 1985 논문집 Vol.- No.3

This study was attempted to identify extent to which high period, low period, an critical day of biorhythm influence on rise and fall of shooting record, and to examine which rhythm intellectual decisively on the record among physical, emotional, and intellectual rhythms, which make up the biorhythm. The subjects, shooting players selected for this study, were 8 high school boy students and 8 high school girl students. Statistics used in this study were percentage and correlation method. The major conclusions can be summarized as follows: 1. It was revealed that physical and emotional rhythm of all players correlate to the record in significant level, but intellectual rhythm shows no significant correlation to record. 2. Shooting records of boy students were influenced mostly by physical rhythm (r=.5113, P<.01). 3. It shows that emotional rhythm affects on the shooting records of girl students decisively (r=.4217, P<.01) 4. It was identified that high period correlated to the rise of record and low period to the fall of record. 5. Even though students are in low period and critical day, students may mark good record, resulting from high period of other rhythms.

방효원 선교사와 산동 선교(1886-1953)

방지일(Ji Il Pang) 장로회신학대학교 세계선교연구원 2007 선교와 신학 Vol.19 No.-

Although there were three missionaries, i.e., Sa Byungsoon, Park Taero, Kim Younghoon, who pioneered Chinese mission in its earliest stage, in my view it were Pang Hyowon, my father, and Hong Soonghan, my uncle, who laid foundation for it. It is a commendable thing for the Korean Church to devote itself to mission and decide to send international missionaries in its less than thirty-year experience. It is grace of God. Since then up to the deportation of foreign missionaries by Communist regime in 1957, which brought Shandong mission to a temporary halt, we witness continuous growth of the seeds of the gospel, sawn in Chinese soil. This paper surveys Pang Hyowon’s ministry background in the period of 1886-1917, and then his missionary activities in China with special reference to Shandong, the main area of his works in 1917-1935. I hope continuous discovery and research upon the documents, revealing the works of Korean missionaries in China, to meet the worldwide expectation for the study of Korean mission history.

Pang Hyowon and His missionary Work in Shandong(1886-1953)

Ji Il Pang 장로회신학대학교 세계선교연구원 2007 선교와 신학 Vol.19 No.-

GaAs / AlGaAs Directional Coupler High Speed Optical Modulator with Asymmetric Coplanar strip Traveling Wave Electrode

Jia Pang Pang,Kunio Tada,Yoshiaki Nakano 한국통신학회 1997 OPTOELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE Vol.2 No.1

해수면변화와 해저지형에 의한 난류수의 순환과 그 기원

방익찬 ( Ig Chan Pang ),오임상 ( Im Sang Oh ) 한국수산학회 1995 한국수산과학회지 Vol.28 No.5

우리나라, 일본, 러시아 해역에서 관측된 조위관측자료에서 얻은 해수면의 장주기변화를 기상과의 관계로 분석해 본 결과, 기상의 효과는 해역에 따라 다르지만 전반적으로 해수면변화의 절반 정도를 설명해주는 것으로 나타났다. 해수운동에 의하여 발생하는 해수면변화는 대마해류역에서 가장 크며 대마해류의 영향을 적게 받는 곳일수록 작아져 해수면변화가 대마해류와 관계있음을 보여준다. 순압해수면 변화가 허용된 수치모델을 사용하여 해수면변화가 해수순환에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 그 결과 기본적인 해류형태는 Pang et al.(1993)에 의해 수행된 GCM(Semtner)모델의 결과와 같이 대만 주변해역에서 지균형조정을 거친 후 등수심선을 따라 대한해협으로 흐르지만, 순압해수면 변화의 허용에 의해 일부 해수가 황해의 중앙을 따라 황해로 유입된 후 서해안을 따라 남하하여 유출되는 황해의 기본순환형태가 나타났다. 이와함께 쿠로시오해류에 변화를 가할 때 순압해수면 변화에 의해 대륙붕에 장주기파동이 뚜렷해지며 이 파동으로 황해의 기본순환형태가 교란되어 해수가 서해안을 따라 북상하는 순환형태도 나타났다. 황해순환은 겨울철에는 기본순환형태가 북서계절풍에 의해 강화되고 여름철에는 파동에 의해 교란된 순환구조에 남동계절풍이 합세하는 것으로 보인다. 장주기파동에 의해 나타나는 다른 특징은 대마해류 기원해역의 변화 가능성이다. 지금까지 대마해류의 기원해역은 크게 큐슈섬 남서해역과 대만 주변해역으로 대립되어 왔다. 그러나 이 연구결과는 이들은 서로 위배되는 것이라기 보다는 대마해류 기원의 중요한 두 해역이며 장주기파동에 의해 한쪽이 강화되어 나타나는 것을 보인다. 쿠로시오해류의 변화에 의해 대만 주변해역에 가해진 파동은 강제파로 대한해협으로 전파되며 대한해협에 이르러 일본연안의 파동은 동해로 계속 전파되는 반면, 우리나라 연안의 파동은 해저지형에 의해 반사하게 된다. 반사된 파동은 자유파로 동중국해 대륙붕을 따라 남서방향으로 진행하며 북동방향으로 진행하는 강제파와 더불어 동중국해의 해수면변화를 결정하게 된다. The analysis of long-period sea level variations with tidal record data around Korea, Japan, and Russia shows that about half of the variations are due to atmospheric influences. The sea level variation by water movements is the largest in the coasts along the Tsushima Current, and becomes smaller in the distant areas. It suggests that the sea level varications are related with the Tsushima Current. The effect of sea level variations to ocean circulation has been studied with a numerical model allowing barotropic sea level fluctuations. Like the result with GCM (Semtner) model by Pang et al. (1993), the present model also shows that waters basically flow along isobaths over the East China Sea after geostrophic adjustment around Taiwan. However, barotropic sea level fluctuation makes the basic circulation in the Yellow Sea, which waters flow into the central Yellow Sea and out along the west coast of the Korean Peninsula. Besides this, barotropic sea level fluctuation makes long period waves over the shelf area as the Kuroshio varies. By the waves, the basic circulation in the Yellow Sea is disturbed, so that the flow pattern of oppositely flowing into the Yellow Sea along the west coast of the Korean Peninsula appears. In the Yellow Sea circulation, it seems that northwest winds strengthen the basic circulat ion in winter, and southeast winds strengthen the disturbed circulation in summer. Another point appeared by the long period wave is that the Tsushima Current possibly originates in different areas. There have been two opposing argues on the area in which the Tsushima Current originates: the southwest sea of Kyushu Island and the adjacent sea of Taiwan. Through this study, we found that both of them seem to be important areas for the origin of the Tsushima Current, and one of them is possibly strengthened by long period waves. The long period waves given by the variation of the Kuroshio Current in the adjacent sea of Taiwan propagate to the Korea Strait as forced waves. The wave continuously propagates to the East Sea through the eastern channel, but reflects in the western channel due to bottom topography. The reflected waves propagate southwestward along the East China Sea as free waves and determine the sea level variations with forced waves.

Modeling temperature inversion in southeastern Yellow Sea during winter 2016 : MODELING TEMPERATURE INVERSION

Pang, Ig-Chan,Moon, Jae-Hong,Lee, Joon-Ho,Hong, Ji-Seok,Pang, Sung-Jun American Geophysical Union 2017 Journal of geophysical research. Oceans Vol.122 No.5

제주도 북서해역의 해수분포의 계절변화와 여름철의 황해난류

방익찬,이재학,노홍길 濟州大學校海洋硏究所 1995 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.19 No.-

제주도 서방해역에서 1994년 2월 17∼18일, 6월 20∼22일, 9월 6∼15일에 관측한 CTD 자료와 제주대학교에서 고나측한 기종의 자료를 분석하여 해수분포와 해수순환의 계절변화를 알아보았다. 겨울철에는 대마난류수가 제주도 연안역을 중심으로 제주도 서방해역에서 제주해협으로 연결되어 분포하고 있으며 대마난류수가 제주도 서방해역을 지나 모두 제주해협으로 유출되고 있다. 황해낸수는 소흑산도 이남해역까지 분포하며 한반도 서해안을 따라 남하하는 구조를 보인다. 황해난류수는 대마난류수와 황해냉수 사이에 분포하며 소흑산도 서쪽해역을 지나 황해중앙부를 통해 황해로 유입되는 형태를 보인다. 여름철에는 표층에 대마난류수는 보이지 않으며, 31‰정도의 저염수가 나타나 양자강연안수의 영향이 6월에 이미 시작되었음을 보여 준다. 이러한 저염수는 남서해역에서 제주해협까지 나타나있다. 한편, 대흑산도 부근의 한반도 남서 연안에는 비교적 차고 높은 염분의 해수가 분포한다. 저층의 황해저층냉수는 황해중앙부를 통해 남하하며 황해난류수를 제주 근해로 압박하는 분포를 보인다. 자료분석 결과는 대흑산도 부근 해역의 해수기둥이 갖는 높은 염분은 이남의 고염수의 공급을 받아야만이 가능하며, 하천수 유입의 영향을 받지 않는 수심의 수온분포를 보면 황해난류수가 제주도 해역에서 대흑산도 해역으로 유입되고 있는 것이 보인다. 황해난류수가 서해안을 따라 황해로 유입되는 형태는 바람이 강할 때만 간헐적으로 나타나는 현상일 수도 있으나 순환구조의 가능성을 보여주었다는 점에서 매우 귀중한 결과이다. 이러한 결과는 Pang et al.(1992)에 의해 제시된 겨울철에 연안을 따라 남하하고 황해의 깊은 골을 따라서는 북상하며, 여름철에 연안을 따라 북상하고 황해의 깊은골을 따라서는 남하하는 계절순환의 구조를 뒷받침해 준다. With CTD data observed on the north western sea of Cheju Island in Feb. 17∼18, Jun. 20∼22, Sep. 6∼15, 1994, and CNU(Cheju National University) data observed previously, the seasonal variation of water mass distribution and circulation are studied. In winter, Tsushima Warm Water(TWW) is distributed near Cheju-do from the western sea of Cheju-do to the Cheju Strait, and totally flows to the Cheju Strait. Yellow Sea Cold Water(YSCW) is distributed over the western coast of Korean Peninsula down to the southern sea of Soheuksan-do, and flows southward along the western coast of Korean Peninsula. Yellow Sea Warm Water(TSWW) is distributed between TWW and YSCW, and flows into the central Yellow Sea through the western sea of Soheuksan-do. In summer, the upper and lower layers show different distributions. In uper layer, TWW disappears and less saline water of down to 31‰appears, which shows that the influence of Yangtze Coastal Water already begins in June. The low salinity water is distributed from the western sea off Cheju-do to the Cheju Strait. On the southwestern coast of Korean Peninsula near Taeheuksan-do, relatively cold and saline water is distributed. In the lower layer, Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water(YSBCW) southeasterly expands from the central Yellow Sea and pushs YSWW to Cheju-do. The result of data analysis shows that the homogeneously saline water column in the cold water area is possible only by the northward supply of southern saline water. According to the temperature distribution of deep layer, which is less influenced by river runoff, YSWW flows northward along the western coast of Korean Peninsula from the adjacent sea of Cheju-do. YSWW's influx along the western coast of Korean Peninsula in summer might appear intermittently, however, the possibility itself is important at present. The result agrees with the seasonal circulation structure presented by Pang et al.(1992) : in winter, southward folw along the coast and southward flow along the central Yellow Sea.

Autotransplantation of an ectopic impacted premolar with sinus lift and allogenic bone graft

Pang, N. S.,Choi, Y. K.,Kim, K. D.,Park, W. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 International endodontic journal Vol.44 No.10

<P><B>Pang NS, Choi YK, Kim KD, Park W.</B> Autotransplantation of an ectopic impacted premolar with sinus lift and allogenic bone graft. <I>International Endodontic Journal</I>, <B>44</B>, 967–975, 2011.</P><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Aim </B> This article presents a case report of autogenous tooth transplantation to a site which had insufficient bone volume using a sinus lift and allogenic bone graft.</P><P><B>Summary </B> An ectopic, fully impacted premolar tooth was autotransplanted from its ectopic impaction site into its original site, where there was insufficient recipient vertical bone volume because of sinus expansion. The deciduous tooth was extracted from the recipient site, and the sinus membrane detached and elevated via the alveolar socket. Allogenic bone grafting was performed, and the impacted premolar was transplanted into the prepared site. To improve adaptation, the recipient site was prepared using a rapid prototype tooth model, a replica tooth which allowed complete socket preparation in advanced of the actual removal of the donor tooth. The donor tooth was fixed with sutures and maintained for 17 days to allow physiologic movement. Root canal treatment was initiated 24 days after autotransplantation, and an intra‐canal medicament was used for 4 months. Canal filling was completed 5 months after autotransplantation. There was no root resorption of the transplanted tooth, and the grafted bone was well preserved and had no signs of infection.</P><P><B>Key learning points </B> <P> When the recipient bone volume is insufficient, autotransplantation can be preceded by bony augmentation.</P><P> The preparation of the recipient tooth socket using a tooth replica from CBCT reduces the extra‐oral time of the actual tooth and promotes better periodontal ligament healing.</P><P> Careful evaluation of the pulp status of the donor tooth is important in advance of timely endodontic treatment.</P></P>

Chinese medical drugs for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wentai Pang,Zhi Liu,Nan Li,Yuyun Li,Fengwen Yang,Pang Bo,Xin-Yao Jin,Wenke Zheng,Junhua Zhang 한국한의학연구원 2020 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.9 No.3

Background: Integration of Chinese medical drugs (CMD) and western medicine (WM) has been widely used in the treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CMD for COVID-19. Method: A literature search was performed in six databases from injection to June 2020. Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs were considered as eligible. The quality of included RCTs were assessed by Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, and Review Manager 5.3 software was used to do meta-analysis. Result: Eleven studies with 1259 patients were included in this study. CMD included herbal decoction and Chinese patent medicine. The methodological quality was evaluated as generally unclear. The results of meta-analysis showed that the integration of CMD and WM had better efficacy than WM in number of patients turned to severe and critical type (RR = 0.47, 95% CI=[0.32, 0.69], P < 0.0001), length of hospital stay (MD= -7.95, 95% CI=[-14.66, -1.24], P = 0.02), defervescence time (MD= -1.20, 95% CI=[-2.03, -0.38], P = 0.004), cough resolution rate (RR = 1.37, 95% CI=[1.15, 1.64], P = 0.0004), fatigue resolution rate (RR = 1.37, 95% CI=[1.02, 1.83], P = 0.04), and tachypnea resolution rate (RR = 2.20, 95% CI=[1.11, 4.39], P = 0.02). As for safety, there was no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: CMD may bring potential benefit to patients suffered from COVID-19. However, the quality of included trials is not good enough. High quality study with core outcome set are still required.