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Jeffery Pm Bakken,Craig K. Whedon,Reginald Fletcher,Wendy A. Whedon 대구대학교 2003 Journal of Asia-Pacific Special Education Vol.3 No.1
Many strategies have investigated increasing self-esteem, improving comminication skills and building friendships and trust within the classroom through the use of extensive modifications, However, these solutions require extensive time and monitoring by the educator. This article will provide educators with a method tha can be implemented to assist stuents in improving social emotional skills, perceptions, attitudes, and behaviots through classroom meetings.
GINSENG INHIBITS ACETYLCHOLINE-INDUCED CONTRACTILE RESPONSES OF AIRWAY SMOOTH MUSCLE
O'Byrne, PM,Han, J. H. 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1995 원광한의학 Vol.5 No.1
Panax ginseng, a traditional herb medicine, has been used in Korea for many centuries as a treatment for chromic disease. Ginsing is known to relax arterial smooth muscle, however, the effect of ginsing on tracheal smooth muscle is not known. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of ginsing on acetylcholine-induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in rats. Sprague Dawley rats (200g, female) were killed by CO_2 exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the thoracic trachea from each rat was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. The dose of acetylcholine (Ach) which evoked 50% of maximal response (ED_50) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for acetylcholine (10^-7 -10^-4M). Contractions evoked by Ach (ED_50) were inhibited significantly by ginseng. The mean percent inhibition was 28±2%(p=0.01) after 1mg/ml ginseng, and 65±3% (p=0.01) after 3mg/ml ginseng. Indomethacin (10^-7M) slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of ginseng. Following treatment with indomethacin, the mean percent inhibition caused by 1mg/ml ginseng fell to 19±2%(p=0.02) and by 3mg/ml ginseng fell to 55±3%(p=0.01)(n=11). Propranolol(10^-7M) did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of ginseng. These results indicate that ginseng can relax actylcholine-induced contraction of rat tracheal smooth muscle, and that this inhibition involves, in part, the release of cyclooxygenase products.
TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles from Baker’s Yeast: A Potent Antimicrobial
( Mmk Peiris ),( Tdcp Guansekera ),( Pm Jayaweera ),( Ssn Fernando ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.10
Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) has wide applications in food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and manufacturing due to its many properties such as photocatalytic activity and stability. In this study, the biosynthesis of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) was achieved by using Baker’s yeast. TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) studies. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of pure anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. According to EDX data Ti, O, P and N were the key elements present in the sample. SEM and TEM revealed that the nanoparticles produced were spherical in shape with an average size of 6.7 ± 2.2 nm. The photocatalytic activity of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs was studied by monitoring the degradation of methylene blue dye when treated with TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs were found to be highly photocatalytic comparable to commercially available 21 nm TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs. This study is the first report on antimicrobial study of yeast-mediated TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs synthesized using TiCl<sub>3</sub>. Antimicrobial activity of TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs was greater against selected Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans when compared to Gram-negative bacteria both in the presence or absence of sunlight exposure. TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs expressed a significant effect on microbial growth. The results indicate the significant physical properties and the impact of yeast-mediated TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs as a novel antimicrobial.
Han, Jong-Hyun,J Otis,PM O'Byrne 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1994 원광한의학 Vol.4 No.1
Airway hyperresponsiveness is a characteristic feature of asthma and has been associated with the airway inflammation present in asthamatic patients. We used ovalbumin sensitized Brown Norway rats to investigate the effects of sensitization on the contractile force of airway smooth muscle. Rats (150g, female) were actively sensitized by subcutaneous injection of 1.1ml Pertussis vaccine containing 10 μg alum-precipated ovalbumin. Rats were divided into two groups and exposed to and aerosol of either saline (n=6) or 5% ovalbumin (n=5), 24 hours after challenge, rats were euthanized and 8-10mm of the thoracic trachea was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. The contractile response to acetylcholine (10^-7 -10^-4M) was measured by force displacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. Allergen challenge increased the acetylcholine contractile responses. The mean contractile force (g/g dry weight) induced by acetylcholine 10^-5M in ovalbumin and saline challenged rats was 420±57 and 327±30 respectively (p〈0.05). The mean contractile force induced by acetylcholine 10^-4M in ovalbumin and saline challenged rats was 509±67 and 381±36 respectively (p〈0.05). Similar results were obtained with a second acetylcholine dose response curve performed 1h later. These indicate that the contractile force of airway smooth muscle is increased in sensitized rats after an ovalbumin challenge.
Bin Chet Toh,Jingli Chong,Baldwin PM Yeung,Chin Hong Lim,Eugene KW Lim,Weng Hoong Chan,Jeremy TH Tan 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.3
Background/Aims: Surgeons and endoscopists have started to use endoscopically inserted double pigtail stents (DPTs) in the managementof upper gastrointestinal (UGI) leaks, including UGI anastomotic leaks. We investigated our own experiences in this patient population. Methods: From March 2017 to June 2020, 12 patients had endoscopic internal drainage of a radiologically proven anastomotic leak afterUGI surgery in two tertiary UGI centers. The primary outcome measure was the time to removal of the DPTs after anastomotichealing. The secondary outcome measure was early oral feeding after DPT insertion. Results: Eight of the 12 patients (67%) required only one DPT, whereas four (33%) required two DPTs. The median duration of drainagewas 42 days. Two patients required surgery due to inadequate control of sepsis. Of the remaining 10 patients, nine did not require achange in DPT before anastomotic healing. Nine patients were allowed oral fluids within the 1st week and a soft diet in the 2nd week. One patient was allowed clear oral feeds on the 8th day after DPT insertion. Conclusions: Endoscopic internal drainage is becoming an established minimally invasive technique for controlling anastomotic leakafter UGI surgery. It allows for early oral nutritional feeding and minimizes discomfort from conventional external drainage.