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Stabilization of Bacillus subtilis Lipase A by increasing the residual packing
Abraham1, Tajo,Pil Pack1, Seung,Je Yoo, Young Taylor Francis 2005 Biocatalysis and biotransformation Vol.23 No.3
<P>Introduction of well-packed residues to the interior of a protein structure could be considered as a stabilization strategy since the reduction of buried cavities might stabilize protein structure. In this study, the less-packed residues with no water-contact were selected as target sites for increasing residual packing. When Lipase A from Bacillus subtilis (179 amino acids) was used as a model system, 43 less-packed residues were initially considered by analyzing their residual packing value and residual exposure ratio. Among the 43 residues, small amino acids such as GLY and ALA were chosen as target sites. Packing increases of ALA to VAL and GLY to ALA were estimated, by molecular modeling, to give 0.5368∼⃒0.7433  kcal mol −1 stabilization. Mutants of Lipase A such as A38V, A75V, G80A, A105V A146V, and G172A were obtained via protein engineering. Thermostability assays revealed that A38V, G80A and G172V were the most stable mutants. This procedure for selecting the target residues for improved thermostability of Lipase A could be applied for improving the thermostability of other proteins and enzymes.</P>
최경덕(Kyeongduck Choi),유상길(Sanggil Yoo),강희선(Heesun Kang),박상민(Sangmin Pack) 한국자동차공학회 2007 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
This paper discusses on development of a BMS(Battery Management System) for D-HEV(Diesel-Hybrid Electronic Vehicle) including algorithm of battery(Lithium) SOC(State of Charge) estimation. The algorithm accurately estimates the remaining battery capacity for automated battery management. In this paper, a BMS including technique for battery monitoring(Pack-Voltage, Pack-Current, Cell-Voltage, Pack-Temperature), communication method, digital input/output control, a battery thermal control, and battery protection method is developed.
백민식(Min-Sik Pack),이시연(Si-Yeon Lee),양보석(Bo-Suk Yang),최성철(Sung-Choul Choi),이재근(Jae-Geun Lee) 대한기계학회 2004 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2004 No.11
This paper presents a control plan of clearances for power plant steam turbine with the characteristics of internal clearances. Internal clearances on the interstage of blades and shaft gland seals on the steam turbine which are installed in tandem compound was changed when the rotor turned in the cylindrical sleeve bearing due to the generation of oil film wedge. This presented concern is very useful to prevent the rubbing damage of seal edge between the fixed and moving parts in steam turbine due to the misalignment at the rotating and stationary parts. This method is applied for the unbalanced clearances distribution to the left and right sides in the turbine casing. A considerable amount of unbalanced clearances distribution trend is determined according to the rotating speed of shaft, bearing size, type of journal bearing, bearing load, lubrication oil viscosity, oil temperature, oil pressure and surface roughness of shaft.
Pack, Seung-Chul,Kim, Hye-Ran,Lim, Sang-Woo,Kim, Hwan-Young,Ko, Jung-Yun,Lee, Ki-Sang,Hwang, David,Park, Seong-Il,Kang, Hoon,Park, Sang-Wook,Hong, Gun-Young,Hwang, Se-Min,Shin, Myung-Geun,Lee, Soong Springer International ; Springer-Verlag, distribu 2013 International journal of colorectal disease Vol.28 No.1
<P>The purpose of present study was to investigate the methylation status of the promoter region in five genes (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4, fragile histidine triad protein, death-associated protein kinase 1, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and E-cadherin), which are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its clinicopathological significance.</P>
Contact Line Instability Caused by Air Rim Formation under Nonsplashing Droplets
Pack, Min,Kaneelil, Paul,Kim, Hyoungsoo,Sun, Ying American Chemical Society 2018 Langmuir Vol.34 No.17
<P>Drop impact is fundamental to various natural and industrial processes such as rain-induced soil erosion and spray-coating technologies. The recent discovery of the role of air entrainment between the droplet and the impacting surface has produced numerous works, uncovering the unique physics that correlates the air film dynamics with the drop impact outcomes. In this study, we focus on the post-failure air entrainment dynamics for <I>We</I> numbers well below the splash threshold under different ambient pressures and elucidate the interfacial instabilities formed by air entrainment at the wetting front of impacting droplets on perfectly smooth, viscous films of constant thickness. A high-speed total internal reflection microscopy technique accounting for the Fresnel reflection at the drop-air interface allows for in situ measurements of an entrained air rim at the wetting front. The presence of an air rim is found to be a prerequisite to the interfacial instability which is formed when the capillary pressure in the vicinity of the contact line can no longer balance the increasing gas pressure near the wetting front. A critical capillary number for the air rim formation is experimentally identified above which the wetting front becomes unstable where this critical capillary number inversely scales with the ambient pressure. The contact line instabilities at relatively low <I>We</I> numbers (<I>We</I> ∼ O(10)) observed in this study provide insight into the conventional understanding of hydrodynamic instabilities under drop impact which usually require <I>We</I> ≫ 10.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
An Adaptive Power Saving Mechanism in IEEE 802.11 Wireless IP Networks
Pack Sangheon,Choi Yanghee The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.2
Reducing energy consumption in mobile hosts (MHs) is one of the most critical issues in wireles/mobile networks. IP paging protocol at network layer and power saving mechanism (PSM) at link layer are two core technologies to reduce the energy consumption of MHs. First, we investigate the energy efficiency of the current IEEE 802.11 power saving mechanism (PSM) when IP paging protocol is deployed over IEEE 802.11 networks. The result reveal that the current IEEE 802.11 PSM with a fixed wakeup interval (i.e., the static PSM) exhibits a degraded performance when it is integrated with IP paging protocol. Therefore, we propose an adaptive power saving mechanism in IEEE 802.11-based wireless IP networks. Unlike the static PSM, the adaptive PSM adjusts the wake-up interval adaptively depending on the session activity at IP layer. Specifically, the MH estimates the idle periods for incoming sessions based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) scheme and sets its wake-up interval dynamically by considering the estimated idle period and paging delay bound. For performance evaluation, we have conducted comprehensive simulations and compared the total cost and energy consumption, which are incurred in IP paging protocol in conjunction with various power saving mechanisms: The static PSM, the adaptive PSM, and the optimum PSM. Simulation results show that the adaptive PSM provides a closer performance to the optimum PSM than the static PSM.
STUDIEN ZUM MITTELHOCHDEUTSCHEN SCHWANK(I)
PACK,Sang Be 同德女子大學校 1992 同大論叢 Vol.22 No.1
유럽의 골계문학은 9세기에서 10세기에 걸쳐 독일과 불란서에서 라틴어로 씌어진 Schwank 작품들이 등장하면서 시작된다. 이들은 대개 고대 Antike나 근동 Orient에서 소재나 모티브를 수용할 것으로 중세의 음유가인의 시가 Spielmannsdichtung에서 이미 그 변용의 형태가 보이고, 십자군 원정으로 활발한 모티브 교환이 있었음을 알 수 있다. 13세기경 Stricker에 의한 불란서 우화의 수용, 5세기경 독일적 골계인물의 형성을 거쳐 16세기에 Hans Sachs에 의해 본격적 골계문학이 전개된다. 17세기에는 Grimmelshausen, 18세기에는 G. A. Burger, J. H. Voss, J. p. Hebel등에 의해 이 장르가 발전되었고 19세기에 G. Keller의 Schildburgertum에서 그 정점에 이른다. 본 논문은 독일골계문학의 뿌리역을 맡고 있는 중세의 두개의 Schwank작품을 우선 택하여 그것의 발생, 전래, 간행물(서지), 소재사, 주제사, 구성, 양식, 내용 등을 중심으로 하여 제 학자들의 연구와 그 논쟁점을 재고함과 아울러 비판해 본 것이다. 이 작업은 중고지독어로 씌어진 골계문학 전반의 연구를 위한 그 일단계가 된다.
Pack, M.Y. 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1976 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.4 No.4
신선한 풋맥주를 발포성의 손실을 피하기 위해 적은 양의 Papain으로 제탁시켰다. 맥주를 병에 넣은 다음 멸균은 시키지 않고 온도와 시간을 달리하여 저장 시킨다음 발포성을 조사해 보았다. 15 ppm의 papain으로 $0^{\circ}C$에서 22일동안 제탁시키고 멸균을 하지 않았을 경우에 맥주의 발포성이 현저히 좋아졌다. 이 사실은 멸균을 하지 않는 생맥주제조에 이용될 것으로 본다. Freshly fermented green beer samples were chillproofed with reduced amounts of papain in order to avoid the deterioration of foam quality. Without being pasteurized, the bottled beer samples were stored at different temperatures for various day and then their foam stabilities were determined. A significant improvement in foam stability was observed in the beer chillproofed with 15 ppm of papain for 22 days at $0^{\circ}C$ and not pasteurized. The findings may be applied in the finishing processes for draft beer where pasteurization is not needed.