消費者關與에 관한 實證的 硏究 : With an emphasis on difference between services and goods 一般製品과 Service製品의 比較를 中心으로

白雲倍,朴永奉 嶺南大學校附設 社會科學硏究所 1990 社會科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

AbstractⅠ. INTRODUCTIONShows tnat monthly bulletin of the BANK of KOREA, Services account for 33.6% of the gross domestic product (G.D.P) at the end of 1989 in Korea. As the late of service in the nation's economic activites is increasing the competition is being more intensified within and outside the service industries. In a condition of such a trend as the above the marketing efforts in the service industries are necessary. Yet management literature market research and management training mainly focus on manufacturing activities and the problem of goods production and marketing. In general, the services unique characteristics of intangibility, nonstadardization and inseperabiliy lead them to be more difficult to evaluate than goods and give rise to some differences of decision making between services and goods. On the base of unique characteristics in the service sector, this study was concentrated on consumer involvement between goods and servicesⅡ. SOME HYPOTHESES CONSUMER INVOLVEMENT FOR SERVICESBecaues experience and credence qualities dominate in services consumers may employ different evaluation processes than those they use with goods, where search qualitiey dominate. Specific areas where characteristics of services may lead to divergent evaluation process are : information search, size and composition of the evoked set of altematives, perceived risk, brand loyalty, and attribution of dissatisfaction. Therefor followed by five specific hypotheses and acoompaying strategic implication for service marketers are suggested. If research conforms the hypotheses about services, service providers may need to alter their marketingmixes.1. Products 'Toward reduction of perceived risk in order that appropriate, guarantees of satisfaction may be offered. The marketer emphasizing attributes and strengths which the processes and his competitor lacks. 2. Price 'The potential importance of price and physical facilities as indicators of service quality suggests that the marketer should manipulate these cues to his own advantage. If the marketer desires to position hes service as a high-quality offering, for example, he may need to set a price above that of competing services.. 3. Place : For the consumer's evoked set of alternatives is smaller, the service firm:s location is very important.. 4. Promotion 'If consumers employ personal sources more frequently than nonpersonal sources when seeking information about services prior to purchase, the marketer's task may be to reduce the proportion of advertising in the promotional mix.Alternatively, the marketer may want to use advertising to stimulate and simulate word-of-mouth communi- cationIII. EMRRICAL TESTThe data for the empirical study are obtained by questionnaires which had been mainly distributed to the consumers in Tae-gu. @ questionnaires were distributed and (2s) samples were made available for this research. Relationships among variables are analysed by SPSS. In analyzing these relationships of variables, crosstabu- lation and T-test are used.IV. CONCLUSIONThe purpose of this study is to understand some behaviors of consumer for the service purchase and to apply this understanding to strategic implication for marketers in service firms.The results of empirical analysis of this study confirm the implications for service marketers.But this study have some bottlenecks.Furthermore there above all should be developed comprehensive and basic studies on the services marketing for introducing it and putting it practice.

Chitosan 첨가에 의한 육제품 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : The Effect on Sausage Batter Color 소시지 Batter의 발색에 미치는 영향

김언현 건국대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.10 No.1

This study aimed for the examination of color characteristics and safaty of sodium nitrite - free sausage products. Experiments were carried out on the frankfurter sausage batter which was stored at 5℃ for 3 days. Physicochemical characteristics of sausages batter treated processed with low density chitosan+G.D.L.(glucono-δ-lactone) solution were evaluated during the storage time. pH in sausage batters with chitosan were lowered than nitrite treated one. Gel strength in sausage batter with chitosan was significantly higher than nitrite gel. In sausage batter phase, chitosan enhanced stability of all sausage batter color compare with nitrite treated one except lightness.

東亞大學校博物館所藏 靑銅佛具遺例

朴銀卿 東亞大學校 博物館 1986 考古歷史學志 Vol.2 No.-

糖類의 添加가 肉의 細菌性腐敗에 미치는 影響

金彦玄 건국대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.9 No.1

This experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of sugars on psychrophillic's spoilage in ground meat. Change of pH value, utilization of sugars and determination of sugars in proper level to prolongation of shelf were studied during storage at 5℃. The results obtained were summarized as follow; 1.PH value in 2% glucose treated ground beef was 5.25 (pork, 5.1), in 5 % glucose treated ground beef was 5.15 (pork, 4.45) and in 10% glucose treated ground beef was 4.5 (pork, 4.1). 2.Growth of variouse micro-organisms in ground beef samples containing 2 % glucose after 9 days at 5℃ were as follow; ① Average total aerobes counts in control(beef) were 8.3×109 cells/g (pork,1.2×1010 cells/g) and in glucose treated were 6.0×107cells/g (pork, 7.8×105 cells/g) ② Average coliformbacteria control were 3.5×105 cells/g (fork, 3.6×105 cells/g) and in glucose treated were 2.4×103 cells/g (park 2.8×104 cells/g) ③ Average lactic acid producing bacteriacounts in control were 5.8×107cell/g (pork 5.5×107cells/g and in glucose treated were 5.7×106 cells/g (pork, 4.5×106 cells/g) ④ Average lactobacillus counts in control were 3.6×105 cells/g (pork, 3.3×105 cells/g) and in treated were 4.2×106 cells/g) but, there was no indication of bacterial interaction between Lactobacillus and pseudomonas species. 3.In glucose treated samples, all added glucose was depleted completely when 12 days (9 days in pork) was passed in 2% glucose containing ground beef, 16 days(same days in pork) in 5 % glucose containting one. And pH started to rise from this pont. 4.The addition of glucose to ground meat more prolonged its average shelf life at refrigerated temperature (5℃) than control one. 7 days(8 days in pork) in 2% glucose level, 9 days(10 days in pork) in 5 % glucose level and 12 days(same in pork) in 10 % glucose level were prolonged than control meats.

高等學校 美術科 指導가 大學入試에 미치는 影響

申彦模 忠南大學校 藝術文化硏究所 1989 藝術文化硏究 Vol.1 No.-

Because of both the enlargement of the department at the university and the demands of the times, the competitive rate of the entrance exam into the fine arts' fields at the university tends to be increased. And also, high schools are hardly able to teach anything for the practical fine arts' talent test on the entrance exam of the university, so the student preparing for the exam has no choice but to take other out-of-school studies at private art institutes. Such is on the rise as a social problem. The aim of this study is to grasp the content of the fine art's classes at the high school, especially prepared for the student preparing for the above exam, to abserve and analyze all the influences which the current classes cause after the examinee enters a university, and finally to better the content of the current classes. As a conclusion, the first suggestion is that, because the fine arts' classes at the high school are so scanty that they are not helpful at all, each school has to give th examinee a special guidance ; the second is that the system of the entrance exam should be completely changed and improved so that the ordinary class at the high school must not be short of the content of the examination. There fore, the art-of-school studies at private art institutes will disappear and the negative points of view on the entrance exam will be improved.

인삼 조사포닌이 다이옥신-노출 기니픽의 혈액화학 지수에 미치는 효과

김언현 建國大學校 自然科學硏究所 2001 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

본 연구는 자성 기니픽에 있어 2,3,7,8-tetrachlo rodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-유도 독성에 대한 홍삼 조사포닌의 방어 효과를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 총 80마리의 자성 기니픽 (800 ± 20g)을 8군으로 나누어 Gl (정상 대조군)에 대하여는 TCDD의 운반체와 생리식염수를, G2 (TCDD단독 투여군)에게는 TCDD (1 μg/kg b.w.)와 생리식염수를 복강 주사하였다. 한편, G3, G4 (조사 포닌 단독투여군), G5, G6군 (조사포닌 전 투여군)과 G7, G8 (조사포닌 후 투여군)에 대하여는 각각 홍삼 조사포닌[10 (G3, G5, G7), 20 mg/kg b.w. (G4, G6, G8)]을 TCDD 투여 7일전 혹은 TCDD 투여 7일 후부터 각각 5주 혹은 3주간 복강 주사하였으며, TCDD (1 μg/kg b.w.)는 1회 복강으로 주사하였다. G2군의 경우 체중은 TCDD-노출 후 3일째부터 유의하게 감소한 반면, 사포닌단독 투여군인 G2, G4군과 전 투여군인 G5, G6군에 있어서는 실험기간 동안 정상 대조군에 비하여는 체중 증가가 억제되나 G2군에 비하여는 유의하게 증가 (p<0.01) 하였으며, 홍삼 조사포닌 후 투여군인 G7, G8군에 있어서도 조사포닌 투여 전까지는 G5군과 유사한 경향을 나타냈으나 조사포닌 투여 후부터는 G2군에 비하여 체중 감소가 현저히 억제 되있다. G2군에서는 잘 알려진 바와 같이 간, 비장, 췌장, 신장 및 심장기능과 관련된 임상화학 지수가 유의하게 증가하거나 감소한 반면, 홍삼 조사포닌 처리군인 전투여군과 동시 투여군 모두에서는 유의하게 억제되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과는 인삼의 주요 활성성분으로 알려진 조사포닌이 다이옥신에 의하여 유도되는 독성을 방어하며 이러한 방어 효과는 성별과 무관하게 발현되었다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of crude ginseng saponin (CGS) on blood chemical parameters in adult female guinea pigs exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). A total of 80 guinea pigs (800 ± 20g) were divided into 8 groups; group 1 (normal control group) was given vehicle (corn oil containing small amount of acetone and MDSO) and saline; group 2 (single TCDD-treated) received TCDD (1 μg/kg, i.p.) and saline (i.p.); group 3 and 4 were administered CGS at a daily i.p. doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg for 4 weeks, respectively; groups 5 and 6 were administered CGS (10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively) for 5 weeks starting 1 week before TCDD-exposure; groups 7 and 8 were administered CGS (10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively) for 3 weeks from 1 week after TCDD-exposure. CGS was prepared by Diaion HP-20 adsorption chromatography. Body weights of G2 were significantly decreased from the 2nd week after TCDD-exposure (p<0.01). Body weights of the CGS-treated groups were also decreased by TCDD-exposure but the weight loss was greatly retarded compared with that of G2. Increase in blood glucose, amylase, lipase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, AST and LDL-cholesterol levels by TCDD exposure was significantly attenuated by the CGS-treatment (p<0.05). From these results, we found that saponin, the main active ingredient of ginseng, played a protective role in TCDD-induced toxicity and ginseng protected female animals from dioxin-induced toxic manifestation.

지방정부조직문화와 직무만족도간의 상관관계 고찰

김시영,도운섭 영남대학교 지역발전연구소 1999 새마을지역개발연구 Vol.25 No.-

The aim of the article is to analyze the relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction empirically and to find the influence of organizational culture affecting organizational effectiveness. The study, based on questionnaire responses from 170 civil servants employed in the local governments, examines how to achieve the organizational development through job satisfaction of public officials of the local governments. According to the findings of the analysis, while the organizational development is negatively related to both the authoritarian oriented administrative behavior and formalistic administrative behavior, the organizational development is positively associated with performance-oriented administrative behavior.

各個電鬪(晝間)訓練場設置에 關한 小考 : 學校敎練敎科로 中心한 In School military Drill

林尙景,白雲采 진주산업대학교 1978 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

扶正解毒湯의 抗癌活性과 免疫調節作用에 관한 硏究

朴相采,宋昊哲,金東熙,徐榮培,朴陽春,金聖勳 대한본초학회 2000 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

To evaluate the antitumm activity and immune rsponse of Bujunghoedo!aaCtnng(BJHDn, studies were done experimentally. The rsulLF were OMaineed as fallow: 1. BJHDT e m c b erhibitcd a wmk eytotoxieity against SKOV-3, and SK-MELJ cell lines, while it showed a good effectivaes against BlE-FIO up to 80% of control at concenmion of over 0.25mg/ml 2. BJHDT emcG signifimtly showed an inhibitor, effect on DNA topowmewz I from calf thpw at 500 mglmf. 3. BJHDT eXhaetS showed antiadhesive rates against A549, 30% at 0.5 dm!, 80% at 1 mplm!. 4. BJHDT exmcb inhibited CAM angiogenesis up to 40%. 6. BIHDT extracb prolonged life span of ICR mice bearing S-180 sarcoma cells up to 127.1%. 7. In FACS analysis, the population of helper T cell and tended to increase. 8. Pmliferatbn rate of splenoeyte WBS inneased at 0.5mglml or more in a dase dependent fashim as compared with Control. These resulb suggested that BIHDT exham might k usefully applied for treatment of cancer and also it was necessary m do more studies about its mechanisms.

이하선 종양의 분포실태 및 전방접근법에 관한 고찰

신극선,백태준,이은정,이혜경 大韓成形外科學會 1993 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.20 No.1

Although many operative techniques have been developed to approach the parotid a gland, high recurrence rate and the occurrence of facial palsy still remain to be dilema in the parotidectomy. After reviewing 179 cases of parotid tumor retrospectively, including 8cases which utilized the peripheral approach, the authors came to the following conclusions. 1) The sex ratio is 1 : 1 and the mean age of occurrance was 43.1 for benign tumors and 43.4 for malignant tumors. 2) The histopathologic findings showed that 155 cases were benign tumors(86.5%)and 24 cases were malignant tumors(13.5%) 3) Among the benign tumors, the mixed tumor was the most common(126 cases, 81.2%)and in the malignant tumors the mucoepidermoid tumor was the most common(12 cases, 50%). 4) The truncal approach for parotidectomy was used in 171 cases, and the peripheral approach in 8 cases. 5) The peripheral approach is superior to the truncal approach because it can provide with a better surgical field ; the branches of facial nerve can be identified more superficially, and thus the liability of facial nerve injury is much lessened especially in large tumors. The peripheral approach also coincides with the embryologic development of parotid gland.