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Impact of Poverty on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Omoniyi, Benjamin B. 한국외국어대학교 아프리카연구소 2018 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.- No.44
The paper examined the impact of poverty on economic growth in Nigeria: A public opinion perspective. It specifically examined public claim on the relationship between poverty and economic growth in Nigeria using a combination of descriptive statistics and Logit Model to analyse the primary data collected. The result revealed that poverty lower investment, per capita income does not reflect Nigeria’s resources, it was also discovered that poverty programmes and standard of living were inadequate. There was high unemployment, corruption adversely affected poverty and economic growth. There exist high income inequality and that inflation increased the plight of the poor. The result further discovered that government performance was inadequate, lifespan was low, Nigeria may not be able to meet MDGs goal by the end of 2015 and that poverty slowed down the pace of economic growth in Nigeria. The result of the Logit model showed that welfare, unemployment, corruption and government policy aggravated economic growth while investment, secondary school enrolment, pattern of income distribution, inflation, life expectancy and poverty retarded economic growth in Nigeria. The result further revealed that only inflation and government policy are the determinants of economic growth in Nigeria. The paper concluded that poverty slowed down the pace of economic growth in Nigeria. The paper therefore recommends that government should introduce and maintain policies that will permit improved relationships between poverty and other variables except inflation and government policy so that they can positively and significantly contribute to increase economic growth in Nigeria.
Significant Factors Affecting the Mode of Rice Processing in Igbemo-Ekiti, Nigeria
Joseph Omoniyi Basorun,Julius Olubunmi Fasakin 한국경영과학회 2010 Management Science and Financial Engineering Vol.16 No.1
In Nigeria, Igbemo-Ekiti is synonymous with a popular local rice which, nevertheless, is characterized with contaminations. Efforts of Government through the Agricultural Development Project (ADP) to improve rice quality in the state, have failed to yield the desired results. This study, therefore, reports the peculiar factors influencing the processing of rice in Igbemo-a major local producing town in Ekiti State, Nigeria. 72 respondents were interviewed, which was a census of the rice processors in 21 residential quarters of the town. Using the multiple linear regression models for analysis, the study discovered that; (ⅰ) status of the processors, (ⅱ) expenditure on processing (ⅲ) training acquired before commencing work, and (ⅳ) storage facilities are crucial factors impacting rice processing activities in the town. The paper canvasses for policy measures based on research findings.
Augustine Omoniyi Ayeni,Ram Awtar Pandey,James Abiodun Omoleye,Sandeep Mudliar,Fredrick Kofi Hymore 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.7
Enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation methods were evaluated on alkaline peroxide pretreated shea treesawdust conversion to ethanol. Optimum pretreatment conditions of 120 oC reaction temperature, 30min reaction time,and 20 mL L−1 of water hydrogen peroxide concentration (1%(v/v)H2O2) solubilized 679 g kg−1 of hemicellulose and172 g kg−1 of lignin. 617 g kg−1 cellulose was retained in the solid fraction. The maximum yield of reducing sugar withoptimized enzyme loadings by two enzyme preparations (cellulase and β-glucosidase) was 165 g kg−1 of dry biomass. The ethanol yield was 7.35 g L−1 after 72 h incubation period under the following conditions: 2% cellulose loading,enzyme concentration was 25 FPU (g cellulose)−1 loading, yeast inoculums was 10% (v/v), 32 oC, and pH 4.8. Thepretreatments gave information about the hindrances caused by lignin presence in lignocellulosic materials and thathemicelluloses are better hydrolyzed than lignin, thereby enhancing enzymatic digestibility of the sawdust material.
Augustine Omoniyi Ayeni,Oluranti Agboola,Michael Olawale Daramola,Bianca Grabner,Babalola Aisosa Oni,Damilola Elizabeth Babatunde,Joseph Evwodere 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.1
Corn cob lignocellulosic biomass is one of the useful precursors for the alternative production of fuels and chemicals. Understanding the kinetics of enzymatic conversion of corn cob through kinetic models could provide indepth knowledge and increase the predictive ability for process design and optimization. In this study, models based on the semi-mechanistic rate equations, first-order decay exponential function of time for adsorbed enzymes, structural and diffusion coefficient for adsorption were used to estimate kinetic parameters for the enzymatic conversion of alkaline peroxide oxidation (APO) pretreated corn cob to sugar. Fitting a first-order inactivation model of adsorbed cellulases to account for experimental hydrolysis data, the apparent hydrolysis rate constant (k2=29.51 min1), the inactivation rate constant (k3=0.269min1), and reactivation rate constant (k4=0.0048min1) were estimated. Regressed values of apparent maximum rate, Vmax, app, for adsorbed enzymes reduced appreciably with time to more than 98% at 96 h. The diffusion limit model showed that the diffusion resistance increased with increasing enzyme concentrations.
( Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh ),( Micheal Olawale Akinola ),( Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi ),( Wahab Adekunle Oyeyemi ),( Simeon Olugbenga Ayodele ),( Idowu Samuel Omoniyi ),( Hafsat Ololade Okin-aminu ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.1
Fruits with antioxidant enrichment can be an economically affordable supplement for mitigating oxidative damage prone spermatozoa membrane pathologies. Computer-assisted sperm analyzer and oxidative status were utilized to evaluate the impact of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fortification of dextrose saline as diluent for rooster semen and fertility response of hens inseminated. Watermelon juice and dextrose saline were used to formulate diluent of 7 treatments consisting of unextended semen (positive control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and only dextrose saline (negative control) designated as Treatments 1-7. Pooled semen was obtained from fertile roosters and equilibrated with diluents at ratio 1:2 in the various treatments and were evaluated using computer software coupled microscope and seminal oxidative status assay. 168 laying hens randomly divided into 7 treatment of 8 replicates and 3 hen per replicate. Hen were everted, and semen (2 × 10<sup>8</sup> Spermatozoa) deposited intra-vagina and eggs collected over 8 weeks to assess fertility and hatchability of eggs laid. The result obtained revealed that watermelon-dextrose saline rooster semen diluent enhanced progressive motility, sperm kinetics and lowered non-progressive motility in T2-T6 compared to T7 over the 3 hours of evaluation. Watermelon addition to rooster semen diluent enhance the antioxidant capacity of rooster semen and lowered lipid peroxide generation. The percentage fertility was highest in T3 (81.01%) and T4 (81.24%) with lowest value obtained in T7 (73.46%). The hatchability of eggs set of hens inseminated with undiluted semen (71.46%) was lower than values for hens inseminated with watermelon inclusive extended semen (75.71%-80.39%). The optimal inclusion of 30%-40% watermelon in dextrose saline diluent enhance rooster semen kinetics, seminal oxidative stability and egg fertility.
( Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh ),( Eyanlola Soladoye Ayedun ),( Waheed Abimbola Oyelade ),( Olugbenga David Oloruntola ),( Olajumoke Temidayo Daramola ),( Simeon Olugbemiga Ayodele ),( Idowu Samuel Omoniyi 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2018 한국축산학회지 Vol.60 No.11
Background: Preventing oxidative stress in heat stressed animals may be possible by increasing antioxidant defence via exogenous administration of antioxidant substrate and/or its precursors. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Soursop juice in mitigating oxidative stress induced by heat stress in rabbit. Methods: Sixty mixed breed rabbit bucks aged 12-18 months old with the average weight of 1826 ± 8.35 g/rabbit, randomly allotted to experimental treatments of four replicates each, in a completely randomized design during high-temperature humidity index in Ado Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria. Soursop juice (SSJ) was administered via oral drenched daily per kg body weight (BW), to designated treatment 1 to 5; 0.55 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW distilled water (control), 0.55 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW SSJ, 1.11 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW SSJ, 1.67 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW SSJ and 2.22 mlkg-1BW SSJ, respectively. Fastened blood samples were collected at days 28 and 56, and assay for serum protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation using standard procedures. Result: Result revealed that SSJ demonstrated hypocholesterolemic effect in a dose-dependent manner throughout the study. Effect of chronic administration of SSJ to heat stressed rabbits proved beneficial, as SSJ reduced serum lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant activity over 8 weeks. Conclusion: Administration of soursop juice to heat-stressed bucks at 2.22 mlkg<sup>-1</sup>BW offered optimum antioxidant defense against oxidative stress.