Malignant Nerve Sheath Tumor of the Spinal Accessory Nerve: A Unique Presentation of a Rare Tumor

Omair A. Sheikh,Ann Reaves,Francis A. Kralick,Ari Brooks,Rachel E. Musial,James Gasperino 대한신경과학회 2012 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.8 No.1

Background Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), sarcomas originating from tissues of mesenchymal origin, are rare in patients without a history of neurofibromatosis. Case Report We report a case of an MPNST of the spinal accessory nerve, unassociated with neurofibromatosis, which metastasized to the brain. The tumor, originating in the intrasternomastoid segment of the spinal accessory nerve, was removed. Two years later, the patient presented with focal neurological deficits. Radiographic findings revealed a well-defined 2.2×2.2×2.2 cm, homogeneously enhancing mass in the left parieto-occipital region of the brain surrounded by significant vasogenic edema and mass effect, culminating in a 1-cm midline shift to the right. The mass was surgically removed. The patient had nearly complete recovery of vision, speech, and memory.Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of an MPNST arising from an extracranial segment of the spinal accessory nerve and metastasizing to the brain.

Human activity recognition based on wrist PPG via the ensemble method

Omair Rashed Abdulwareth Almanifi,Ismail Mohd Khairuddin,Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman,Rabiu Muazu Musa,Anwar P.P. Abdul Majeed 한국통신학회 2022 ICT Express Vol.8 No.4

Human activity recognition via Electrocardiography (ECG) and Photoplethysmography (PPG) is extensively researched. While ECG requires less filtering and is less prone to disturbance and artifacts, nonetheless, PPG is cheaper and widely available in smart devices, making it a desired alternative. In this study, we explore the employment of the ensemble method with several pre-trained machine learning models namely Resnet50V2, MobileNetV2, and Xception for the classification of wrist PPG data of human activity, in comparison to its ECG counterpart. The study produced promising results with a test classification accuracy of 88.91% and 94.28% for PPG and ECG, respectively.

Automated Gastrointestinal Tract Classification Via Deep Learning and The Ensemble Method

Omair Rashed Abdulwareth Alman,Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman,Ismail Mohd Khairuddin,Muhammad Amirul Abdullah,Anwar P.P. Abdul Majeed 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of death among the cancer family with a record of almost a million moralities in 2020 alone. While the treatment of colorectal cancer is very difficult, early diagnosis can help immensely with treatment, eliminating the risks, and recovery. In most cases early diagnosis is possible by catching any of the precursors of the disease, many of which appear on the Gastrointestinal tract. The use of machine learning to automate the process of gastrointestinal tract examination could accelerate the process of diagnosis, and increase its efficiency. This study suggests the use of the stacking ensemble method with multiple pre-trained CNN models for an accurate classification of GI tract using the publicly available dataset Kvasir. The pre-trained models used in this study were ResNet50, MobileNetV2, and Xception, all of which were ensembled and trained on a subset of the data and tested on another to eliminate bias, and evaluates the model’s capacity for generalization. Overall, the model demonstrated impressive performance at 99.2% accuracy, 0.9977 AUC, and 99.29% F1-score, especially compared to the individual constituent models and other models discussed in the review section of the study.

Online multi-object tracking via robust collaborative model and sample selection

Naiel, Mohamed A.,Ahmad, M. Omair,Swamy, M.N.S.,Lim, Jongwoo,Yang, Ming-Hsuan Elsevier 2017 Computer vision and image understanding Vol.154 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The past decade has witnessed significant progress in object detection and tracking in videos. In this paper, we present a collaborative model between a pre-trained object detector and a number of single-object online trackers within the particle filtering framework. For each frame, we construct an association between detections and trackers, and treat each detected image region as a key sample, for online update, if it is associated to a tracker. We present a motion model that incorporates the associated detections with object dynamics. Furthermore, we propose an effective sample selection scheme to update the appearance model of each tracker. We use discriminative and generative appearance models for the likelihood function and data association, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme generally outperforms state-of-the-art methods.</P>

Evaluation of facial appearance in patients with repaired cleft lip and palate: comparing the assessment of laypeople and healthcare professionals

Alhayek, Samar,Alsalem, Mohammed,Alotaibi, Yazeed,Omair, Aamir Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2019 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.41 No.-

Background: The present study aimed to determine whether laypeople and professionals rate the facial appearance of individuals with repaired complete unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP, BCLP) similarly based on viewing full facial images. Methods: The study followed a cross-sectional analytical design where five young patients aged 10 to 14 years, who had completed all stages of their unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate treatment (bilateral: three, unilateral: two), were evaluated by two groups. The assessment was done by laypeople and 97 qualified professionals (33 orthodontists, 32 plastic surgeons, and 32 oral and maxillofacial surgeons). Professionals were not involved in any stage of the patients' treatment. Results: The facial appearance assessment of the professional groups on different facial aesthetics was significantly lower than that of laypeople, and they had higher perceived need for further treatment. On the other hand, laypeople had higher aesthetic ratings and lower perceived need for further treatment. Differences were also observed between the assessments of the professional groups. Participants who had lower aesthetic assessments of the repair tended to report a higher influence of cleft lip and palate on social activities and professional life. Conclusion: Differences in perception exist between healthcare professionals and laypeople. The discrepancies between the professional groups could be attributed to different treatment modalities and protocols.

Prevalence of Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra in Individuals with Low Back Pain: Evaluation Using Plain Radiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Asra Shaikh,Sohail Ahmed Khan,Munawar Hussain,Sadia Soomro,Hatem Adel,Syed Omair Adil,Farheen Huda,Usman Khanzada 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.6

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Purpose: To determine the frequency of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) in patients with low back pain (LBP) and the role of iliolumbar ligament (ILL) origin from L5 in LSTV cases. Overview of Literature: Transitional vertebrae are developmental variants of the spine. LSTV is a common congenital abnormality, and failure to recognize this anomaly may result in serious consequences during surgery. Methods: All patients aged 11–90 years of either gender with LBP for any duration, who presented for X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbosacral spine, were included. X-rays of the lumbosacral spine in anteroposterior and lateral views were acquired. In addition, T1- and T2-weighted sagittal and axial MRI was performed. Images were evaluated on a workstation. Results: Of 504 patients, transitional vertebrae were observed in 75 patients (15%). Among them, 39 (52%) patients had Castellvi type III and 36 (48%) patients had Castellvi type II. However, on MRI, 42 (56%) patients had O’Driscoll type II, 18 (24%) patients had O’Driscoll type IV, and 15 patients (20%) had O’Driscoll type III. ILL origin from L5 was significantly higher (n=429, 100%) among patients with a normal lumbosacral junction than among patients with a transitional lumbosacral junction (n=22, 29.3%) (p<0.001). Conclusions: LSTV occurs at a high frequency in patients with LBP. Furthermore, in the presence of LSTV, the ILL is not a reliable marker for the identification of L5.

Areca Nut Chewing and the Risk of Re-hospitalization and Mortality Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Pakistan

Muhammad Tariq Karim,Sumera Inam,Tariq Ashraf,Nadia Shah,Syed Omair Adil,Kashif Shafique 대한예방의학회 2018 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.51 No.2

Objectives: Areca nut is widely consumed in many parts of the world, especially in South and Southeast Asia, where cardiovascular disease (CVD) is also a huge burden. Among the forms of CVD, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Research has shown areca nut chewing to be associated with diabetes, hypertension, oropharyngeal and esophageal cancers, and CVD, but little is known about mortality and re-hospitalization secondary to ACS among areca nut users and non-users. Methods: A prospective cohort was studied to quantify the effect of areca nut chewing on patients with newly diagnosed ACS by categorizing the study population into exposed and non-exposed groups according to baseline chewing status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations of areca nut chewing with the risk of re-hospitalization and 30-day mortality secondary to ACS. Results: Of the 384 ACS patients, 49.5% (n=190) were areca users. During 1-month of follow-up, 20.3% (n=78) deaths and 25.1% (n=96) re-hospitalizations occurred. A higher risk of re-hospitalization was found (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 3.27; p=0.002) in areca users than in non-users. Moreover, patients with severe disease were at a significantly higher risk of 30-day mortality (aHR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.67 to 4.59; p<0.001) and re-hospitalization (aHR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.73 to 4.26; p<0.001). Conclusions: The 30-day re-hospitalization rate among ACS patients was found to be significantly higher in areca users and individuals with severe disease. These findings suggest that screening for a history of areca nut chewing may help to identify patients at a high risk for re-hospitalization due to secondary events.

Areca Nut Chewing and the Risk of Re-hospitalization and Mortality Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Pakistan

Karim, Muhammad Tariq,Inam, Sumera,Ashraf, Tariq,Shah, Nadia,Adil, Syed Omair,Shafique, Kashif The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2018 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.51 No.2

Objectives: Areca nut is widely consumed in many parts of the world, especially in South and Southeast Asia, where cardiovascular disease (CVD) is also a huge burden. Among the forms of CVD, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Research has shown areca nut chewing to be associated with diabetes, hypertension, oropharyngeal and esophageal cancers, and CVD, but little is known about mortality and re-hospitalization secondary to ACS among areca nut users and non-users. Methods: A prospective cohort was studied to quantify the effect of areca nut chewing on patients with newly diagnosed ACS by categorizing the study population into exposed and non-exposed groups according to baseline chewing status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations of areca nut chewing with the risk of re-hospitalization and 30-day mortality secondary to ACS. Results: Of the 384 ACS patients, 49.5% (n=190) were areca users. During 1-month of follow-up, 20.3% (n=78) deaths and 25.1% (n=96) re-hospitalizations occurred. A higher risk of re-hospitalization was found (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 3.27; p=0.002) in areca users than in non-users. Moreover, patients with severe disease were at a significantly higher risk of 30-day mortality (aHR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.67 to 4.59; p<0.001) and re-hospitalization (aHR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.73 to 4.26; p<0.001). Conclusions: The 30-day re-hospitalization rate among ACS patients was found to be significantly higher in areca users and individuals with severe disease. These findings suggest that screening for a history of areca nut chewing may help to identify patients at a high risk for re-hospitalization due to secondary events.

Evaluation of the Causes of Erectile Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Penile Doppler Ultrasonography in Pakistan

Usman Khanzada,Sohail Ahmed Khan,Munawar Hussain,Hatem Adel,Kamran Masood,Syed Omair Adil,Murli Manohar 대한남성과학회 2017 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.35 No.1

Purpose: In patients with erectile dysfunction, it is important to differentiate psychogenic from organic causes. Penile Doppler ultrasonography is a relatively inexpensive and minimally invasive tool for this purpose. This study was conducted to evaluate the causes of erectile dysfunction in an adult male population, using penile Doppler ultrasonography.Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a single center. All patients who presented with complaints of erectile dysfunction and underwent penile Doppler ultrasonography between July 2014 and June 2016 were included in this study. All examinations were performed using GE Voluson S6 and GE Logiq P5 devices. Following baseline scans, an intracavernosal injection of 20 μg of prostaglandin E1 was given. Peak systolic and end diastolic velocities were measured in each cavernosal artery. Patients with a peak systolic velocity of <25 cm/s were considered to have arterial insufficiency, while an end diastolic velocity of >5 cm/s was considered to indicate venous incompetence.Results: Out of 97 patients (mean age, 37.09±11.59 years; range, 19∼69 years), 50 patients (51.5%) had normal findings, 24 patients (24.7%) had arterial insufficiency, 15 patients (15.5%) had a venous leak, and 8 patients (8.2%) patients had arterial insufficiency with a venous leak. Psychogenic erectile dysfunction was significantly higher among patients aged ≤40 years, while arterial insufficiency with or without a venous leak was significantly higher among patients aged >40 years (p=0.022).Conclusions: A majority of the studied individuals demonstrated no organic cause of erectile dysfunction, thus confirming a high prevalence of the psychogenic etiology, particularly in relatively young individuals.

Facture of the Pars Interarticularis with or without Spondylolisthesis in an Adult Population in a Developing Country: Evaluation by Multidetector Computed Tomography

Sohail Ahmed Khan,Amjad Sattar,Usman Khanzada,Hatem Adel,Syed Omair Adil,Munawar Hussain 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.3

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in a general adult population unrelated to lower back pain as evaluated by multidetector computed tomography. Overview of Literature: There is a significant paucity of information related to the prevalence of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and its degenerative changes in a general adult population unrelated to lower back pain in developing countries. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scans performed between January 1st 2015 and December 31st 2015 for various clinical indications. Patients with lower back pain, with a history of trauma or road traffic accident, or referred from orthopedic or neurosurgery departments were excluded to avoid any bias. CT scans were reviewed in axial, sagittal, and coronal planes using bone window settings for evaluating spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Results: Of 4,348 patients recruited, spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis were identified in 266 (6.1%) and 142 (3.3%) patients, respectively. Age was significantly higher in both spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis patients than in those without spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis (47.19±15.45 vs. 42.5±15.96, p <0.001 and 53.01±15.31 vs. 42.44±15.88, p <0.001, respectively). Gender was significantly associated with spondylolisthesis (p =0.029) but not spondylolysis. Of patients who were >60 years old, both spondylolysis (p =0.018) and spondylolisthesis (p =0.025) were significantly more prevalent in females. Conclusions: The prevalence of pars interarticularis fracture observed higher with gradual increase in the prevalence with advancing age. In particular, preponderance was significantly higher among older females.