Patients’ satisfaction with the effects of microporous tape on surgical scars: a randomized controlled study

Oluwatosin Stephen Ilori,Peter Babalola Olaitan,Oluwatosin Ruth Ilori,Adebimpe Oyebisi Aderounmu 대한미용성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.28 No.4

Background Following surgery or other types of trauma, scar formation occurs with wound healing because of the replacement of normal skin with fibrous tissue. The conversion of a normal scar to an abnormal scar usually occurs 6 to 8 weeks after surgery. Abnormal scars can be a source of patient dissatisfaction, especially following cosmetic surgical procedures. Therefore, supporting scars with tape after surgery is critical for reducing scar tension. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of patients’ satisfaction with their scar outcomes following microporous taping and to identify the determinants of scar satisfaction. Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted to compare the scar satisfaction of postsurgical patients who underwent scar taping with microporous tape to those who did not. The scars were assessed at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery using the Patient Scar Assessment Scale (PSAS). The test group had microporous tape applied to their scars and the tape was worn 24 hours a day for a period of 6 months. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Categorical variables and mean PSAS scores were compared using the chi-square test and repeatedmeasures analysis of variance, respectively. Results At 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months the taped group had significantly lower PSAS scores and higher satisfaction scores than the control group. Scar thickness and pruritus were statistically significant determinants of patient satisfaction. Conclusions Microporous tape is an effective modality for improving scar satisfaction in postsurgical patients.

URAL RESOURCE DEPENDENCE AND TAX EFFORT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Oluwatosin Adeniyi,TERVER THEOPHILUS KUMEKA,OLADIMEJI ALAG 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2022 Journal of Economic Development Vol.47 No.1

The study investigated the empirical relationship between natural resource dependence and tax effort in 28 Sub-Saharan African countries, with data for the period 1996-2016. The findings indicated that in economies with oil rents, less efforts is invested on other non-oil-resource revenues. In these countries, trade openness deteriorates tax revenue efforts, consequently the bulk of government revenue come from the sale of crude oil. In contrast, economies without oil rents seem to channel more efforts towards non-oil-tax revenue. In these economies, our result showed that trade openness is an important improvement to tax revenues. We recommend that for economies with oil rents, proper tax record keeping and documentation of separate revenue sources be maintained. Conversely, other resources rent economies are also recommended to depend less on natural resources rents and grants from foreign donors; and maintain a policy of no non-tariff barriers to trade, except for health, social and security reasons.

Genotoxic, biochemical and histological biomarkers of subacute concentrations of paraquat and glyphosate in Nile Tilapia

Oluwatosin Aderinola Aribisala,Temitope Olawunmi Sogbanmu,Kehinde Abike Kemabonta 환경독성보건학회 2022 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.37 No.2

The use of herbicides for increased food production may pose risk to non-target organisms. This study evaluated the acute toxicity, genotoxic, biochemical, and histological biomarkers of subacute concentrations of paraquat and glyphosate in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia) for 28 days following standard methods. Glyphosate (96 hLC<SUB>50</SUB> value-1.23 mg/L) was 9x more toxic than paraquat (96 hLC<SUB>50</SUB> value-11.20 mg/L) against O. niloticus. Average micronucleated cells were significantly higher in the erythrocytes of O. niloticus exposed to the higher (1.12 mg/L) concentration of paraquat at day 14, both subacute concentrations of paraquat at day 28, and lower concentration (0.01 mg/L) of glyphosate at days 14 and 28 compared to the other treatments and controls. Biochemical biomarkers (MDA and GST) activities were significantly higher at both subacute concentrations of the herbicides in the exposed fish compared to the controls at day 28 only. GSH activity was significantly higher in the 0.11 mg/L paraquat concentration while SOD activity was significantly lower at both subacute concentrations of glyphosate in exposed fish compared to controls at day 28. Histological alterations observed were mild to severe shortening of the gill primary lamellar and hepatic portal inflammation of exposed fish compared to the controls. This study demonstrates the risk to non-target organisms due to herbicides’ run-off from agricultural farmlands into aquatic ecosystems at environmentally relevant or subacute concentrations. Sensitization on the responsible use of pesticides is recommended to promote responsible consumption and production and sustain life below water (United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 12 and 14 respectively).

Coconut Oil Extract Mitigates Testicular Injury Following Adjuvant Treatment with Antiretroviral Drugs

Oluwatosin O Ogedengbe,Ayoola I Jegede,Ismail O Onanuga,Ugochukwu Offor,Edwin CS Naidu,Aniekan I Peter,Onyemaechi O Azu 한국독성학회 2016 Toxicological Research Vol.32 No.4

Increased access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has made the management of drug toxicities an increasingly crucial component of HIV. This study investigated the effects of adjuvant use of coconut oil and HAART on testicular morphology and seminal parameters in Sprague- Dawley rats. Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 153~169 g were distributed into four groups (A-D) and treated as follows: A served as control (distilled water); B (HAART cocktail- Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine); C (HAART + Virgin coconut oil 10 mL/kg) and D (Virgin coconut oil 10 mL/kg). After 56 days of treatment, animals were killed and laparotomy to exercise the epididymis for seminal fluid analyses done whilst testicular tissues were processed for histo-morphometric studies. Result showed a significant decline in sperm motility (P < 0.05) and count (P < 0.0001) in HAART-treated animals while there was insignificant changes in other parameters in groups C and D except count that was reduced (P < 0.0001) when compared with controls. Histomorphological studies showed HAART caused disorders in seminiferous tubular architecture with significant (P < 0.01) decline in epithelial height closely mirrored by extensive reticulin framework and positive PAS cells. Adjuvant Virgin coconut oil + HAART resulted in significant decrease in seminiferous tubular diameter (P < 0.05), but other morphometric and histological parameters were similar to control or Virgin coconut oil alone (which showed normal histoarchitecture levels). While derangements in testicular and seminal fluid parameters occurred following HAART, adjuvant treatment with Virgin coconut oil restored the distortions emanating thereof.

Sex determination using humeral dimensions in a sample from KwaZulu-Natal: an osteometric study

Oluwatosin Olalekan Ogedengbe,Sunday Adelaja Ajayi,Omobola Aderibigbe Komolafe,Aung Khaing Zaw,Edwin Coleridge Stephen Naidu,Onyemaechi Okpara Azu 대한해부학회 2017 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.50 No.3

The morphological characteristics of the humeral bone has been investigated in recent times with studies showing varying degrees of sexual dimorphism. Osteologists and forensic scientists have shown that sex determination methods based on skeletal measurements are population specific, and these population-specific variations are present in many body dimensions. The present study aims to establish sex identification using osteometric standards for the humerus in a contemporary KwaZulu-Natal population. A total of 11 parameters were measured in a sample of n=211 humeri (males, 113; females, 98) from the osteological collection in the Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. The difference in means for nearly all variables were found to be significantly higher in males compared to females (P<0.01) with the most effective single parameter for predicting sex being the vertical head diameter having an accuracy of 82.5%. Stepwise discriminant analysis increased the overall accuracy rate to 87.7% when all measurements were jointly applied. We conclude that the humerus is an important bone which can be reliably used for sex determination based on standard metric methods despite minor tribal or ancestral differences amongst an otherwise homogenous population.

FOREIGN CAPITAL FLOWS, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

OLUWATOSIN ADENIYI,BELLO AJIDE,AFEES SALISU 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2015 Journal of Economic Development Vol.40 No.3

This paper investigated how financial development influences the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in selected Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. This study considered three alternative measures of financial development (FD) and their impacts on the FDI-growth linkage. It also explored the possibility of nonlinearities in the tripartite relationships. The results showed a positive influence of FDI on economic growth. Financial system development also had growth-promoting impact in the presence of FDI flows. Interestingly, these findings remained robust when potential endogeneity was accounted for using a well known instrumental variable (IV) estimator. Digging deeper, the findings also supported the existence of non-linearities in the role of FD in the FDI-growth association. In policy terms, these SSA countries will reap more growth benefits from foreign capital flows especially if financial reforms are sustained.

Evaluation of genotoxic and oxidative stress potential of Ajakanga Landfill Leachate in rats

Oluwatosin A. Arojojoye,Olajumoke O. Nwaechefu,Samuel C. Nkwadinamor 환경독성보건학회 2022 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.37 No.1

Genotoxicity and oxidative stress potential of Ajakanga Landfill Leachate (ALL) were investigated in this study. Forty-two male albino rats of the Wistar strain (100 g and 150 g) were divided equally into six groups. Group A (control) animals were given distilled water as drinking water for forty-five days; while groups B-F animals were exposed to 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% leachate respectively via drinking water for forty-five days. The effect of the leachate was assessed on markers of oxidative stress in the liver, kidney and testes of rats; markers of liver function (Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined in the serum and the genotoxic effect of the leachate was investigated using micronucleus assay. Physicochemical and heavy metal analysis were also carried out on the leachate sample. Exposure to ALL resulted in increase in the activities of ALT and AST. A significant increase in malondialdehyde level as well as alterations in antioxidant status was observed in the liver, kidney and testes of the rats compared with control. There was also significant increase in micronuclei formation in the bone marrow of rats exposed to the leachate. Physicochemical and heavy metal analysis of the leachate revealed the presence of some heavy metals at high concentrations as well as other toxic constituents and the total number of active bacteria in the leachate sample were also high. In conclusion, ALL induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rats. This suggests that the leachate may be toxic to humans if exposure occurs.

SAVING-INVESTMENT NEXUS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: DOES FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT MATTER?

OLUWATOSIN ADENIYI,FESTUS O. EGWAIKHIDE 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2013 Journal of Economic Development Vol.38 No.2

The Feldstein-Horioka puzzle is re-examined using a sample of 20 sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Unlike the extant literature we demonstrate the expediency of sustenance of financial sector reforms for the saving-investment nexus in SSA. Findings showed saving retention coefficients similar in magnitude to those already reported for developing countries, particularly SSA. In addition, however, the results uncovered a telling intervening role for financial deepening in the saving-investment space. Going forward, the precise nature and corresponding policy implications of this role should form an integral part of discussions in both academic and policy circles.

Induction of oxidative stress in Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River in Nigeria

Arojojoye, Oluwatosin A.,Nwaechefu, Olajumoke O.,Ajiboye, John A.,Akintunde, Jacob K. Techno-Press 2016 Advances in environmental research Vol.5 No.3

This study evaluated some markers of oxidative stress in the organs of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River in Oyo State, Nigeria. Clarias gariepinus (250 g-400 g) were collected from Eleyele River (a suspected polluted River) and Clarias gariepinus from a clean fish farm (Durantee fisheries) were used as the control. Levels of Malondialdehyde (index of lipid peroxidation), Glutathione (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes- Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) were evaluated in the liver, kidney and gills of the fish. From the results, there were significant (p<0.001) increases in malondialdehyde and GSH levels in the liver, kidney and gills of Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River compared with control. The activity of GST increased significantly (p<0.05; p<0.001) in the liver and kidney of fish from Eleyele River compared with control. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05; p<0.001) in SOD activity in all the organs of Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River compared with conrol and also a significant (p<0.001) decrease in catalase activity in the gills and kidney of the fish but catalase activity increased in the liver. Increase in lipid peroxidation and alterations in antioxidant status in Clarias gariepinus from Eleyele River show that the fish were under oxidative stress. These suggest that the River is polluted probably as a result of various wastes frequently discharged into the River. This could pose serious health risks to consumers of water and aquatic organisms from the River.

Prevalence of hypertension among antiretroviral therapy naïve patients in Lagos, Nigeria

Odubela Oluwatosin,Odunukwe Nkiruka,Peer Nasheeta,Musa Adesola Zaidat,Salako Babatunde Lawal,Kengne Andre Pascal 대한고혈압학회 2023 Clinical Hypertension Vol.29 No.-

Background The gains from successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) roll-out could be compromised by the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases among people living with HIV (PLWH). Hypertension remains a significant contributor to cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of hypertension among ART-naïve PLWH in a large ART clinic in Lagos, Nigeria. Materials and methods This study uses data collected from adult ART-naïve PLWH enrolled at an ART clinic over ten years. Participants aged 18 years and older, not pregnant, and not accessing care for post-exposure prophylaxis were included in the study. Hypertension was defined as systolic and diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg, respectively. Logistic regressions were used to investigate the factors associated with hypertension. Results Among the 10 426 participants included in the study, the majority were females (66%) and aged 25—49 years (84%). The crude prevalence of hypertension was 16.8% (95%CI 16.4 – 17.2) while the age and sex standardised prevalence rate was 21.9% (95%CI 20.7 – 23.2), with males (25.8%, 95%CI 23.5 – 28.0) having a higher burden compared with females (18.3%, 95%CI 17.0 – 19.6). Increasing age, male gender, overweight or obesity, comorbid diabetes mellitus or renal disease, and CD4 count ≥ 201 cells/μL were significantly associated with prevalent hypertension. Conclusion There was a substantial burden of hypertension among ART-naïve PLWH, which was associated with the traditional risk factors of the condition. This highlights the need to integrate screening and care of hypertension into routine HIV management for optimal care of PLWH.