Proposed categorization of pathological states of EBV-associated T/natural killer-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) in children and young adults: Overlap with chronic active EBV infection and infantile fulminant EBV T-LPD

Ohshima, Koichi,Kimura, Hiroshi,Yoshino, Tadashi,Kim, Chul Woo,Ko, Young H.,Lee, Seung-Suk,Peh, Suat-Cheng,Chan, John K.C. Blackwell Publishing Asia 2008 Pathology international Vol.58 No.4

<P>EBV-associated T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-T/NK LPD) of children and young adults is generally referred to with the blanket nosological term of severe chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). This disease is rare, associated with high morbidity and mortality, and appears to be more prevalent in East Asian countries. But because there is no grading or categorization system for CAEBV, pathologists and clinicians often disagree regarding diagnosis and therapy. EBV-T/NK LPD includes polyclonal, oligoclonal, and monoclonal proliferation of cytotoxic T and/or NK cells. Moreover, a unique disease previously described as infantile fulminant EBV-associated T-LPD has been identified and overlaps with EBV-T/NK LPD. In the present review a clinicopathological categorization of EBV-T/NK LPD is proposed, based on pathological evaluation and molecular data, as follows: (i) category A1, polymorphic LPD without clonal proliferation of EBV-infected cells; (ii) category A2, polymorphic LPD with clonality; (iii) category A3, monomorphic LPD (T-cell or NK cell lymphoma/leukemia) with clonality; and (iv) category B, monomorphic LPD (T-cell lymphoma) with clonality and fulminant course. Categories A1, A2, and A3 possibly constitute a continuous spectrum and together are equivalent to CAEBV. Category B is the exact equivalent of infantile fulminant EBV-associated T-LPD. It is expected that this categorization system will provide a guide for the better understanding of this disorder. This proposal was approved at the third meeting of the Asian Hematopathology Association (Nagoya, 2006).</P>

RUMINAL ACID CONCENTRATIONS OF GOATS FED HAYS AND SILAGES PREPARED FROM ITALIAN RYEGRASS AND ITS PRESSED CAKE

Ohshima, M.,Miyase, K.,Nishino, N.,Yokota, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1991 Animal Bioscience Vol.4 No.1

From the same harvest of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, Lam.), hay(H), wilted silage(WS), pressed cake hay (PCH) and pressed cake silage (PCS) were prepared. These four preserved roughages were restrictedly fed to four goats attached with rumen fistula by $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to determine the effect of different physical and chemical properties of the roughages on the ruminal acid concentrations. Each goat was given a diet at 2% of the body weight daily in dry matter basis by separating into two equal portions. Half was given at 9 AM and the other half at 5 PM. Ruminal pH was reduced to around 5.5 within 30 minutes after feeding PCS and it was recovered above 6 in 1-2 hours after feeding. By feeding WS, ruminal pH was also reduced but never fell below 6. The two hays rather increased ruminal pH after feeding. The reduction of ruminal pH in the silage feedings was due to the high lactic acid content of the silages, because the highest ruminal lactic acid concentration was observed 30 minutes after feeding when the lowest ruminal pH was attained. While the ruminal VFA concentrations became the highest 1-2 hours after feeding. The ruminal acetic acid concentration fluctuated so much that no significant tendency was observed among the four dietary treatments. The ruminal propionic acid concentration was higher in feeding silages reflecting the initial high lactic acid concentration. As the result, acetic/propionic acid ratio was lower in the silage feedings than in hay feedings. Higher ruminal butyric acid concentration was observed in WS than in others.

Role of Mouse and Human Autophagy Proteins in IFN-γ–Induced Cell-Autonomous Responses against <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>

Ohshima, Jun,Lee, Youngae,Sasai, Miwa,Saitoh, Tatsuya,Su Ma, Ji,Kamiyama, Naganori,Matsuura, Yoshiharu,Pann-Ghill, Suh,Hayashi, Mikako,Ebisu, Shigeyuki,Takeda, Kiyoshi,Akira, Shizuo,Yamamoto, Masahiro The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2014 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.192 No.7

<P>IFN-γ mediates cellular innate immunity against an intracellular parasite, <I>Toxoplasma gondii</I>, by inducing immunity-related GTPases such as p47 IFN-γ–regulated GTPases (IRGs) and p65 guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs), which also participate in antibacterial responses via autophagy. An essential autophagy protein, Atg5, was previously shown to play a critical role in anti–<I>T. gondii</I> cell-autonomous immunity. However, the involvement of other autophagy proteins remains unknown. In this study, we show that essential autophagy proteins differentially participate in anti–<I>T. gondii</I> cellular immunity by recruiting IFN-γ–inducible GTPases. IFN-γ–induced suppression of <I>T. gondii</I> proliferation and recruitment of an IRG Irgb6 and GBPs are profoundly impaired in Atg7- or Atg16L1-deficient cells. In contrast, cells lacking other essential autophagy proteins, Atg9a and Atg14, are capable of mediating the anti–<I>T. gondii</I> response and recruiting Irgb6 and GBPs to the parasites. Although IFN-γ also stimulates anti–<I>T. gondii</I> cellular immunity in humans, whether this response requires GBPs and human autophagy proteins remains to be seen. To analyze the role of human ATG16L1 and GBPs in IFN-γ–mediated anti–<I>T. gondii</I> responses, human cells lacking ATG16L1 or GBPs were generated by the Cas9/CRISPR genome-editing technique. Although both ATG16L1 and GBPs are dispensable for IFN-γ–induced inhibition of <I>T. gondii</I> proliferation in the human cells, human ATG16L1 is also required for the recruitment of GBPs. Taken together, human ATG16L1 and mouse autophagy components Atg7 and Atg16L1, but not Atg9a and Atg14, participate in the IFN-γ–induced recruitment of the immunity-related GTPases to the intracellular pathogen.</P>

Identification of a Recessive Inhibitor for Photoperiod-Sensitivity Gene, Se-1, in Rice

I. Ohshima,F. Kikuchi,H. Nomura,H. Namai 한국육종학회 1997 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.29 No.2

Studies on Precursors of the Odor Evolved from Cooked Squid Mantle Flesh

Toshiaki Ohshima 釜山水産大學 水産食品硏究所 1991 水産食品硏究所報告 Vol.12 No.-

History, Production Development and Industry of Seafood in Japan

Toshiaki Ohshima 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

LETTER TO THE EDITOR : Psoriatic Arthritis That Responded Dramatically When Infliximab Was Switched to Adalimumab

( Yuichiro Ohshima ),( Yumi Kinoshita ),( Yoichi Akita ),( Yasuhiko Tamada ),( Daisuke Watanabe ) 대한피부과학회 2013 Annals of Dermatology Vol.25 No.4

Pulpal Regeneration Following Allogenic Tooth Transplantation into Mouse Maxilla

Unno, Hideki,Suzuki, Hironobu,Nakakura-Ohshima, Kuniko,Jung, Han-Sung,Ohshima, Hayato Wiley (John WileySons) 2009 The anatomical record Vol.292 No.4

<P>Autogenic tooth transplantation is now a common procedure in dentistry for replacing a missing tooth. However, there are many difficulties in clinical application of allogenic tooth transplantation because of immunological rejection. This study aims to clarify pulpal regeneration following allogenic tooth transplantation into the mouse maxilla by immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and nestin, and by the histochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The upper right first molar (M1) of 2-week-old mice was extracted and allografted in the original socket in both the littermate and non-littermate after the extraction of M1. Tooth transplantation weakened the nestin-positive reactions in the pulp tissue that had shown immunoreactivity for nestin before operation. On postoperative Days 5-7, tertiary dentin formation commenced next to the preexisting dentin where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged in all cases of the littermate group until Day 14, except for one case showing immunological rejection in the pulp chamber. In the non-littermate group, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber in addition to tertiary dentin formation until Day 14. The rate of tertiary dentin was 38%, and the rate of the mixed form of dentin and bone-like tissue formation was 23% (the remainder was immunological rejection). Interestingly, the periodontal tissue recovered even in the case of immunological rejection in which the pulp chamber was replaced by sparse connective tissue. These results suggest that the selection of littermate or non-littermate is decisive for the survival of odontoblast-lineage cells and that the immunological rejection does not influence the periodontal regeneration.</P>

A Study on Strength Properties and an Inner Deformation of Specimen with the Direct Shear Test of Constant Pressure Condition

김재영,Ohshima, Akihiko 한국지반공학회 2009 international journal of geo-engineering Vol.1 No.1

It is reported that inhomogeneity problem in the specimen can be solved through modification of simplified shear installing 10 to 20 times of D50 which is mean particle diameter of the specimen for the width of shear layer in the gap height between upper and lower layers of One-dimension direct shear test. However, the study on internal deformation behavior of specimen not performed yet. Therefore, we examined the internal deformation condition of the specimen while I experimented one-dimension direct shear test varying the gap height of the shear box and as for the strength compared it to the result of simplified shear test. As a conclusion, the deformation in shear testing with the lens-type shape regardless of gap size among shear boxes was happened one-dimension shear test and the strength was almost corresponded in spite of some difference in the relation between the stress and shear-displacement. It is reported that inhomogeneity problem in the specimen can be solved through modification of simplified shear installing 10 to 20 times of D50 which is mean particle diameter of the specimen for the width of shear layer in the gap height between upper and lower layers of One-dimension direct shear test. However, the study on internal deformation behavior of specimen not performed yet. Therefore, we examined the internal deformation condition of the specimen while I experimented one-dimension direct shear test varying the gap height of the shear box and as for the strength compared it to the result of simplified shear test. As a conclusion, the deformation in shear testing with the lens-type shape regardless of gap size among shear boxes was happened one-dimension shear test and the strength was almost corresponded in spite of some difference in the relation between the stress and shear-displacement.

EFFECT OF ADDITION OF INTACT OR ALKALIZED LUCERNE JUICE AT ENSILING ON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF RICE STRAW SILAGE

Nishino, N.,Ohshima, M.,Yokota, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.3

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of addition of Lucerne juice (LJ) obtained by mechanical extraction of freshly harvested crop on the nutritive value of rice straw silage. Rice straw (RS) was ensiled with intact, NaOH or $NH_3$ treated LJ at 3:7 ratio on fresh weight basis (LJ RS, LJ NaOH RS and LJ $NH_3$ RS, respectively). Each alkali was mixed with fresh juice at a level of 4% of rice straw dry matter just before ensiling. Rice straw ensiled with water was prepared as the control (W RS). In the digestion trial, goats were allocated in a $4{\times}4$ Latin-square design and fed the diet containing three parts of RS silage and one part of wheat bran (DM basis). For the goats receiving the control silage, urea was supplemented at feeding time so as to adjust the nitrogen intake except for goats on LJ $NH_3$ RS silage. Crude protein content of RS silage was increased from 5.2 to 9.1% (DM basis) by the addition of intact LJ and to about 24% by $NH_3$ treated LJ. The control W RS silage contained only trace amount of lactic acid and was dominated by acetic and butyric acid. The addition of intact LJ reduced butyric acid content and $NH_3-N/TN$ of the silage whereas the addition of alkalized LJ increased those values and shifted to a butyrate type fermentation. Nutrient digestibilities and nitrogen balance of goats were almost the same when they were fed W RS and LJ RS silage indicating the addition of intact LJ did not improve the nutritive value. The addition of alkalized LJ significantly increased the fiber digestibilities of RS silage and $NH_3$ treatment was more effective than NaOH treatment. Postprandial ruminal $NH_3-N$ and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were decreased by feeding LJ NaOH RS silage suggesting ruminal protein synthesis was enhanced along with the increase of energy supply for supply for rumen microbes by the alkali treatment. The advantageous fiber digestibilities of LJ $NH_3$ RS silage compared with those of LJ NaOH RS silage might be attributable to a sufficient nitrogen supply for microbial fiber digestion in the rumen.