천식 환자와 정상인에 있어서의 Extracellular Phospholipase A_2의 활성도

서영의,김능수,이종명 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1992 慶北醫大誌 Vol.33 No.3

Extracellular PLA_2는 arachidonic acid cascade에 작용하는 효소로서 다양한 세포들에서 분비되며, 염증반응을 비롯한 여러가지 질환에 관여함이 알려져있다. 저자들은 기관지 천식과 PLA_2의 관계를 알아보기 위해 천식 환자들과 정상 대조군의혈청과 소변에서 PLA_2 활성도를 측정하고 폐기능 악화에 따른 천식정도, 혈청 IgE치 및 말초혈액 호산구 수와의 관계를 조사하였다. 정상 대조군에 비하여 천식 환자군에서 혈청 및 소변의 PLA_2 활성도가 유의하게 증가되어 있었으나(P<0.01, p<0.05) 혈청 PLA_2 활성도는 폐기능 정도와는 비례하지 않았다. 또한 혈청 PLA_2 활성도와 혈청 IgE치나 말초 혈액 호산구 수 사이에는 상관관계가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 PLA_2는 기관지 천식의 병리 기전에 관여할 것으로 사료되나 혈청 PLA_2 활성도가 천식정도를 반영하지는 않는 것으로 보여진다. Extracellular phospholipase A_2(PLA_2) is known to be secreted by the mononucteocytes, granukxytes and chondrocytes in the joint, and it is also reported that this enzyme is increased in inflammatory conditions, such as acute pancreatitis, sepsis, ARDS and arthritis. To evaluate the changes of PLA_2 in the asthmatics the authors measured extracellular PLA_2 of asthmatics and healthy individuals in their serum and urine. In 84 normal controls, the levels of PLA_2 activity in serum and urine were 177.26±130.68 U/㎖ and 127.56±87.04 U/㎖, respectively. There was significant difference between male and female groups in serum and urine. In 51 asthmatics, the levels of PLA_2 activity in serum and urine were 739.10±454.52 U/㎖ and 292.50±154.49 U/㎖, respectively. These were significantly higher than those of healthy controls in both serum and urine. No significant correlation was found between serum PLA_2 activity and peripheral blood eosinophil count and there was no significant difference in serum PLA_2 activity between symptomatic asthmatics and asymptomatic asthmatics. However the level of serum PLA_2 activity in asymptomatic asthmatics was still higher than that of healthy controls. Receiving steroids seems to make no difference in serum PLA_2 activity in asymptomatic asthmatics.

기관지천식 환자에서 Furosemide, Disodium cromoglycate 및 Heparin 흡입이 고장액 식염수 기관지유발검사에 미치는 영향

강천일,현상훈,남언정,김건우,윤종수,서영익,이종명,김능수 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 기관지천식 환자에서 고장액 식염수의 흡입은 기도수축을 유발할 수 있으며 이는 운동유발성 천식반응과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 알레르겐 흡입이나 운동에 의해 유발되는 천식에 예방효과가 있는 것으로 알려진 disodium cromoglycate(DSCG), furosemide 및 heparin 흡입이 4.5% NaCl 기관지유발검사(BPT)에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 4.5% NaCl BPT에서 양성반응을 보이는 기관지천식 환자 13명을 대상으로 하였으며 사용된 약물은 furosemide 40㎎, DSCG 40㎎ 및 heparin 1,000μ/㎏이었다. 먼저baseline 4.5% NaCl BPT를 시행한 다음 이들 약물로 전처치후 다시 4.5% NaCl BPT를 시행하여 약물의 효과를 관찰하였다. 결과 : Furosemide 40㎎, DSCG 40㎎및 heparin 1,000μ/㎏의 흡입 전처치는 고장액 식염수에 의한 기도수축 반응에 뚜렷한 예방효과를 보였다. Furosemide와 DSCG로 전처치한 군(n=6)에서 이들의 기도수축 방어율은 각각 100.6±6.6%, 91.1±17.2%였으며 furosemide와 heparin으로 전처치한 군(n=7)에서는 각각 58.7±29.2%, 59.0±51.1%로서 각 군에서 이들 약제간의 방어율에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론 : Furosemide(40㎎), DSCG(40㎎) 및 heparin(1000μ/㎏)의 흡입 전처치는 고장액 식염수에 의한 기도수축 반응에 뚜렷한 예방효과를 보였으며, 적어도 이 용량에서 기도수축 예방 정도에는 유의한 차이가 없음을 알 수 있었다. Background: Hypertonic saline (4.5% NaCl) inhalation is known to induce broncho-constriction by affecting mast cell, epithelial cell and vagal afferent pathway in some asthmatics. Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) is known to have a preventive effect on allergic asthma and exercise induced asthma, and recently it was reported that furosemide and heparin had similar effect. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of furosemide, DSCG and heparin on hypertonic saline provocation test in asthmatics. Methods: Thirteen asthmatics with a positive response to hypertonic saline challenge were enrolled. Hypertonic saline and test drugs were generated by ultrasonic nebulizer. After taking baseline 4.5% NaCl challenge, subjects were rechallenged with 4.5% NaCl after inhalation of furosemide 40㎎, DSCG 40㎎ or heparin 1,000μ/㎏. Results: 1. There was a significant positive relationship between PC_20-methacholine and PTM-4.5% NaCl(r=0.5575, p = 0.024). 2. Furosemide, DSCG and heparin had no direct bronchodilating effects. 3. Premedication of furosemide and DSCG(n=6) showed significant protective effects on 4.5% NaCl induced broncho-constriction. The average protection rate were 100.6±6.6% and 91.1±17.2%, respectively. 4. Premedication of furosemide and heparin(n=7) showed significant protective effects on 4.5% NaCl induced broncho-constriction. The average protection rate were 58.7±29.2% and 59.0±51.1%. respectively. Conclusions: Furosemide(40㎎), DSCG(40㎎) and heparin(1.000μ/㎏) had significant protective effects on hypertonic saline induced broncho-constriction in asthmatics, and there were no significant differences in their potency of protection rate.

Performance Improvement of a PMSM Sensorless Control Algorithm Using a Stator Resistance Error Compensator in the Low Speed Region

Nung-Seo Park,Min-Ho Jang,Jee-Sang Lee,Keum-Shik Hong,Jang-Mok Kim 전력전자학회 2010 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.10 No.5

Sensorless control methods are generally used in motor control for home-appliances because of the material cost and manufactureing standard restrictions. The current model-based control algorithm is mainly used for PMSM sensorless control in the home-appliance industry. In this control method, the rotor position is estimated by using the d-axis and q-axis current errors between the real system and a motor model of the position estimator. As a result, the accuracy of the motor model parameters are critical in this control method. A mismatch of the PMSM parameters affects the speed and torque in low speed, steadystate responses. Rotor position errors are mainly caused by a mismatch of the stator resistance. In this paper, a stator resistance compensation algorithm is proposed to improve sensorless control performance. This algorithm is easy to implement and does not require a modification of the motor model or any special interruptions of the controller. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified through experimental results.

Performance Improvement of a PMSM Sensorless Control Algorithm Using a Stator Resistance Error Compensator in the Low Speed Region

Park, Nung-Seo,Jang, Min-Ho,Lee, Jee-Sang,Hong, Keum-Shik,Kim, Jang-Mok The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2010 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.10 No.5

Sensorless control methods are generally used in motor control for home-appliances because of the material cost and manufactureing standard restrictions. The current model-based control algorithm is mainly used for PMSM sensorless control in the home-appliance industry. In this control method, the rotor position is estimated by using the d-axis and q-axis current errors between the real system and a motor model of the position estimator. As a result, the accuracy of the motor model parameters are critical in this control method. A mismatch of the PMSM parameters affects the speed and torque in low speed, steadystate responses. Rotor position errors are mainly caused by a mismatch of the stator resistance. In this paper, a stator resistance compensation algorithm is proposed to improve sensorless control performance. This algorithm is easy to implement and does not require a modification of the motor model or any special interruptions of the controller. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified through experimental results.

Changes in Airway Eosinophils and Bone Marrow Eosinophil Progenitors Following Allergen-challenge in Mouse Model of Asthma

( Young Ik Seo ),( Shin Woo Kim ),( Young Mo Kang ),( Jong Myung Lee ),( Nung Soo Kim ) 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.61 No.-

정상인의 혈중 및 뇨중 Extracellular Phospholipase A_2 활성도

황윤근,서영익,강문수,최영환,이종명,김보완,김능수,서장수,이주형,배현혜,김경호,이중기,백석환,장현욱 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1993 慶北醫大誌 Vol.34 No.3

Extracellular phospholipase A_2(PLA_2) is known to be secreted by the mononucleocytes, granulocytes, platelet, and chondrocytes in the joint, and it is also reported that this enzyme is increased in inflammatory conditions, such as acute panceratitis, sepsis, ARDS and arthritis. It was proposed that the extracellular release of phospholipase A_2 in response to inflammatory stimuli might represent an amplification mechanism for the generation of high levels of lipid mediators such as eicosanoids. To establish the normal value of PLA_2 in the healthy individuals we measured extracellular PLAz of healthy individuals of 84 males and 85 females in their serum and urine. The levels of PLA_2 activity in serum were 170.85±79.92 (U/㎖) in under 29 years old (20 males), 160.68±109.61 in 30 to 39 years old (19 males), 226.58±130.47 in 40 to 49 years old (19 males), 231.10±82.32 in 50 to 59 years old(17 males), 228.21±102.46 in over 60 years old(6 males), 168.21±62.11(U/㎖) in under 29 years old(6 females), 125.85±101.64 in 30 to 39 years old(20 females), 86.70±31.03 in 40 to 49 years old(20 females), 79.00±35.51 in 50 to 59 years old(20 females), 104.74±46.97 in over 60 years old(19 females). The levels of PLA_2 activity in urine were 142.61±141.86(U/㎖) in under 29 years old(18 males), 377.85±273.01 in 30 to 39 years old(20 males), 406.16±318.07 in 40 to 49 years old(19 males), 84.34±56.12(U/㎖) in under 29 years old(6 females), 17.20±9.94 in 30 to 39 years old(15 females), 54.98±86.24 in 40 to 49 years old(15 females), 14.78±11.38 in 50 to 59 years old(18 females), 43.00±40.29 in over 60 years old(19 females).

경주 지역에서 집단 발생한 탄저병 21 예에 대한 임상적 고찰

김성국,김능수,조동택,강문수,서영익,김정민,강천일,배선근,이종명 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.48 No.2

Anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivorous animals, which is caused by a gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming bacilli (Bacillus anthracis). Human accidentally encounter this disease mainly in three routes; cutaneous, inhalation and gastrointestinal. Rarely invasion of the blood streams and profound toxemia may occur and metastatic infection, such as meningitis, may complicate the primary process. An outbreak of human anthrax occurred in Kyungju province in February, 1994, in which the government health authorities announced the source of infection was contaminated meat of cow. All patients had gastrointestinal infection (oropharyngeal and abdominal form) with a case of concurrent cutaneous anthrax. After antibiotic treatment, all patients survived except one who was complicated by meningitis and septicemia. Here we report the clinical manifestations and their course of affected 21 patients with brief review of literatures.

테레프탈로일 염화물(terephthaloy1 chloride)에 의한 직업성천식 1례

이종명,김능수,현상훈,김건우,강영모,남언정,서영익 대한알레르기학회 1999 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.19 No.2

Terephthaloyl chloride, a chemical of low molecular weight, is used as an intermediate by a fabric manufacturing industry. It is known to cause gastrointestinal, respiratory and skin irritation. However, it has not been reported as a cause of occupational asthma till now. We report a case of occupational asthma caused by prolonged exposure to terephthaloyl chloride in the workplace. A 38 year-old man visited at the Allergy Clinic because of cough, dyspnea and wheezing for 5 years. He had worked at a factory for 15 years where he was involved in the process of manufacturing fabrics. At presentation, he had no symptoms and showed no abnormality on physical examination. When challenged with vapor of terephthaloyl chloride, he experienced sneezing and paroxysmal cough in a couple of minutes, followed by dyspnea and wheezing at 10 min. He also experienced urticarial rashes on the face and chest. The pulmonary function tests showed an atypical prolonged immediate airway response. PC_(20) methacholine decreased from 5 mg/ml to 0.79 mg/ml 24 hours after the challenge. Light microscopic examination of bronchial biopsies showed loss of epithelium, thickening of basement membrane, submucosal fibrosis, and increased inflammatory cell infiltration. The immediate drop in FEV₁and urticarial rash to terephthaloyl chloride suggests the possibility of an immediate hypersensitivity immune reaction. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact mechanism of terephthaloyl chloride induced asthma.

마우스 천식모델에서 알레르겐 유발 후 기도 염증세포 및 골수 호산구 전구세포의 변화

서영익 ( Young Ik Seo ),이종명 ( Jong Myung Lee ),김능수 ( Nung Soo Kim ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2002 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.22 No.4

기관지천식환자에서 면역요법 시행중 병발한 크론씨병 1례

강문수,강천일,서영익,황윤근,최영환,이종명,김능수 대한알레르기학회 1993 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.13 No.2

Cronhn's disease is an indolent, chronic inflammatory disorder capable of involving the entire alimentary tract. The exact etiology and pathogenesis remain unknown despite a long and intensive research, but the finding of various abnormalities of the immune response in patients with Cronhs disease has led to the concepts that immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. Recently, we have experienced a case of Crohns disease which developed during immunotherapy for 7 years in a 17-year-old asthmatic patient. Since immunotherapy results in the formation of IgG antibodies directed against the immunizing antigens, the production of circulating immune complex(CIC) consisting of IgG antibodies and antigenic components contained in the immunotherapy extracts theoretically could occur. Though the overall risk of CIC-mediated disease in patients undergoing immunotherapy is presumably extremely low, we postulate the immunotherapy could be responsible for the occurrence and/or aggravation of Crohns disease in this patient. A probable causal role of immunotherapy in Crohns disease clearly requires further investigations.