Historicite´ et alte´rite´ : La Philosophie de l'histoire de Jan Patocka entre 1943 et 1954

Novotny´, Karel 우석대학교 인문사회과학연구소 1998 인문사회과학논총 Vol.1 No.1

Assessment of variation in Elekta^® plastic spherical-calibration phantom and its impact on the Leksell Gamma Knife^® calibration : Variation in Elekta Gamma Knife plastic phantom

Novotny Jr., Josef,Bhatnagar, Jagdish P.,Chung, Hyun-Tai,Johansson, Jonas,Bednarz, Greg,Ma, Lijun,Saiful Huq, M. Wiley (John WileySons) 2010 Medical physics Vol.37 No.9

<P>PURPOSE: Traditionally, the dose-rate calibration (output) of the Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK) unit is performed using a 160 mm diameter plastic spherical phantom provided by the vendor of the LGK, Elekta Instrument AB. The purpose of this study was to evaluate variations in the Elekta spherical phantom and to assess its impact and use for the LGK calibration. METHODS: Altogether, 13 phantoms from six different centers were acquired, 10 of these phantoms were manufactured within the past 10 years and the last 3 approximately 15-20 years ago. To assess variation in phantoms, the diameter and mass densities were measured. To assess the impact on LGK calibration, the output of two models of LGK (LGK Perfexion and LGK 4C) were measured under identical irradiation conditions using all 13 phantoms for each LGK model. RESULTS: The mean measured deviation in diameter from expected nominal 160 mm for 13 phantoms was 0.51 mm (range of 0.09-1.51 mm). The mean measured phantom mass density for 13 phantoms was 1.066 +/- 0.019 g/cm3 (range of 1.046-1.102 g/cm3). The percentage deviation of output for individual phantom from mean of 13 phantom outputs ranged from -0.37% to 0.55% for LGK Perfexion. Similarly, the percentage deviation of output for individual phantom from mean of 13 phantom outputs ranged from -0.72% to 0.47% for LGK 4C. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that small variations in terms of phantom size and mass density of the phantom material do not have a significant impact on dose-rate measurements of the Leksell Gamma Knife. Also, date of manufacture of the phantom did not show up to be a significant factor in this study.</P>

Thin-film nanocomposite membrane with vertically embedded carbon nanotube for forward osmosis

Son, Moon,Novotny, Vaclav,Choi, Heechul Taylor Francis 2016 Desalination and Water Treatment Vol.57 No.55

<P>Forward osmosis (FO) for desalination is receiving tremendous attention due to its low energy consumption and simple operation compared to reverse osmosis. Here, we propose a thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane with vertically embedded carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the active layer to maximize membrane permeability without significantly sacrificing selectivity. We first attempted a spray-assisted electromagnetic field alignment technique to vertically embed CNT in the active layer of the TFN membrane. After vertically embedding the CNT, the developed TFN membrane exhibited 20% increased water flux. When chemical etching of the active layer was further applied, increase in water flux was over 300% (40LMH). Meanwhile, the increased reverse salt flux was mild most likely due to the steric effect of CNT in the active layer. The developed TFN membrane, thus showed even higher water flux and lower reverse salt flux when compared to recently provided commercial FO membranes. This method is easy to up-scale with a one-step fabrication process, and it is cost-effective due to its simplicity and the low concentration of CNT solution used. Therefore, these findings could contribute to freshwater production using the FO process to overcome global water scarcity.</P>

External Validation of an Eastern Asian Nomogram for Survival Prediction After Gastric Cancer Surgery in a European Patient Cohort

Reim, Daniel,Novotny, Alexander,Eom, Bang Wool,Park, Yunjin,Yoon, Hong Man,Choi, II Ju,Kim, Young Woo,Nam, Byung Ho,Ryu, Keun Won Williams & Wilkins Co 2015 Medicine Vol.94 No.52

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Several nomograms for survival prediction after curative gastric cancer surgery have been published over the recent years. Previous validation studies failed to prove applicability of Eastern Asian nomograms in Western patients. Here we present data on a validation analysis of a newly developed Korean nomogram in a German patient cohort.</P><P>Among a total of 2771 patients having been treated in the Department of Surgery of the Technische Universitaet Muenchen from 1982 to 2008, 908 patients were eligible to undergo this analysis. Patients were treated according to Japanese Gastric Cancer guidelines and followed up on a regular basis for at least 60 months postoperatively. Baseline characteristics were compared using χ<SUP>2</SUP>-testing. Survival analyses were computed with the Kaplan–Meier method and multivariate regression analysis models. The C-statistics and Hosmer–Lemeshow chi-square statistics were computed for comparisons of the nomogram's predictive ability.</P><P>All baseline characteristics were significantly different (<I>P</I> < 0.0001) between Korean and German patients except Union Internationale Contre le Cancer-stages (<I>P</I> = 0.427). Multivariate regression analysis revealed the same predictive factors for overall survival in the German and Korean cohorts, respectively, with the exception of tumor size >10 cm and an exclusive correlation of whole stomach spread and pN1-stage for German patients only. The C-index was 0.76, representing an adequate value for predictability of the Korea nomogram in German patients. The Hosmer–Lemeshow statistic implied applicability of the nomogram in the TUM-cohort.</P><P>A newly developed multicenter Korean nomogram for survival prediction after curative gastric cancer surgery may be applicable for estimating survival prognosis in Western (European) patients.</P>

Neoadjuvant Treatment for Gastric Cancer

Schuhmacher, Christoph,Reim, Daniel,Novotny, Alexander The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2013 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.13 No.2

Surgery is still considered to be the mainstay for the treatment of localized gastric cancer with negative margins (R0-resection) and an adequate lymph-node-dissection (D2-lymphadenectomy). Unfortunately, most cases of gastric cancer are only diagnosed at an advanced stage due to frequent recurrences after primary resection in curative intent. In order to improve prognosis after curative resection, in the recent past, patients with locally advanced tumors were subjected to a pre-, peri-, or postoperative treatment. Interestingly, postoperative chemotherapy has significantly improved survival after gastric resection in Asia, adjuvant radiochemotherapy is favored in North America and perioperative chemotherapy is considered as a treatment of choice in Europe indicating region specific approach towards the treatment. Recently there has also been growing evidence of positive outcomes of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy on patient survival. In the present article, we discuss the concepts of neoadjuvant treatment approach and provide recommendations to surgeons based on current evidence.

Third generation of “Dynamic in-Cockpit Lighting System” for driving simulators

Petr Bouchner,Stanislav Novotny,Vaclav Jirkovsky 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.2008 No.9

Validation of DYICOLIS for different driving scenarios and light conditions

Petr Bouchner,Stanislav Novotny,Jan P?kny,Martin Brodsky 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.2008 No.9

The paper describes specifics of various (and different) scenarios, in which in-car light conditions plays important role and their simulation could be positively affected by the use of Dynamic In-Cockpit Lighting System (DYICOLIS). A specially designed experiment was performed on the simulator equipped with DYICOLIS, with a goal to compare driving simulation fidelity with and without use of this system and also to compare it to driving in a real car in similar but real environments. Besides subjective drivers’ evaluation questionnaires, also the objective methods for assessment were involved ? in this case the eye-tracking device analysis. Finally the paper presents discussion on the results of both, subjective and objective measures.

Nutrient Intakes of First Generation Korean - Americans in Hawaii

Ji-Sook Han,Rachel Novotny 한국식품영양과학회 1998 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.3 No.3

To evaluate nutrient intakes of the first generation Korean-Americans in Hawaii, a dietary survey was conducted using a food frequency questionnaire which included 139 food items most often consumed among Korean foods and American foods. The questionnaire surveyed 157 first generation Korean-Americans living in Hawaii. The 66.7~81.1% of first generation Korean-Americans in Hawaii were of healthy weight. The mean value of body mass index was the highest in younger men and the lowest in younger women. The mean percentages of calories obtained from their dietary analyses were 61% carbohydrate, 23% fat and 16% protein. The caloric distribution of their diet appeared to be similar between older women and older men, however it was seen that men consumed a higher percent of calories from fat than women among younger subjects. The mean dietary intakes for first generation Korean-Americans exceeded recommended intakes for protein, thiamin, niacin, vitamin A, vitamin C, folacin, phosphorus and iron, but the intakes of energy, riboflavin, vitamin B_6, vitamin E, calcium and zinc were lower than the recommended dietary allowance for Americans. Compared with other groups based on age and gender, younger men had significantly (p<0.05) higher intakes of riboflavin, phosohorus, iron and zinc, and lower intake of folacin. Older subjects consumed significantly (p<0.05) less protein, riboflavin, vitamin B_6 and zinc than did younger subjects, and most of the first generation Korean-Americans in Hawaii consumed adequate levels of saturated fatty acid. The ratio, however, of polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid in the diet of younger men was about 0.61, much lower than the recommended ratio of 1.0 and also was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of other subjects. Moreover, cholesterol intakes of younger men were close to the maximum recommended level of 300㎎/day.

New Techniques for Fabrication of Flexible Plastic LCD's

West, John.L.,Novotny, Grea R.,Fisch, Michael R.,Heinman, David The Korean Infomation Display Society 2001 Journal of information display Vol.2 No.4

We report simple techniques to manufacture low-powered, high-resolution, reflective cholesteric displays using flexible plastic substrates. We use wax transfer printing to replace photo-lithography and incorporate polymer walls to increase the mechanical strength and lifetime of the displays. These printing methods can easily be adapted to roll-to-roll production.

BasinVis 2.0, refinement and application of decompaction technique

Eun Young Lee,Johannes Novotny,Michael Wagreich 대한지질학회 2018 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10