A Comparative Study of Agricultural Products Wholesale Markets in the Philippines and South Korea for Future Development Planning

Rustom Nono Gonzaga,Hwa Seok Hwang,Dong Hyun Shin 한국국제협력단 2020 국제개발협력 Vol.15 No.2

The significance of the wholesale market institution is that it enables businesses to offer appropriate products, find sellers and buyers in one place, and provide real prices (that are also low) whenever required. This study explores the core features of two wholesale farmers’ markets in the Philippines and in South Korea, such as management systems, marketing systems, promotion mechanisms, prices, and the products sold, with the aim of revealing their main similarities and differences. This study further aims to establish a development strategy so that the results can be utilized for policymaking in other countries too, and suggest implications as well. Based on the findings, Daegu wholesale market is more established than Sentrong Pamilihan when it comes to its operation and market facilities, due to its long history and experience as well as government financial support. A set of key elements is recommended as a guide for future planning, development, and operations in both the wholesale markets. These include enhancing the efficiency of logistics through maintenance and improvement of facilities, strong knowledgeable management, grading, packaging and branding programs, and innovative technologies.

Antioxidant C-glycosylflavones of Drymaria cordata (Linn.) Willd

Raymond N. Nono,Laurence K. Nzowa,Beaudelaire K. Ponou,Re´my B. Teponno,Te´lesphore B. Nguelefack,Luciano Barboni,Le´on A. Tapondjou,박희준 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.1

A new C-glycosylflavone, drymaritin E (6-C- (3-keto-b-digitoxopyranosyl)-40-O-(b-D-glucopyranosyl)- 7-methoxyl-5,40-dihydroxylflavone) 1 was isolated from the oily upper phase (SU) of the MeOH extract from aerial parts of Drymaria cordata together with two known compounds (cassiaoccidentalin A 2 and anemonin 3) and an inseparable mixture of two known C-glycosylflavones 5,40- dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone-6-C-(200-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl)- b-D-glucopyranoside 4a and 5,7,30,40-tetrahydroxyflavone- 6-C-(200-O-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside 4b. The alkaline hydrolysis of 3 led to a new hemisynthetic derivative, sodium anemonate (sodium 2-((1’E) 20-sodium-carboxylate-vinyl)-5-oxo-cyclohex- 1-ene carboxylate) 3a. The chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, HSQC, and NOESY) and mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). C-glycosylflavones had significant free radical-scavenging activities on the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). However, SU and compounds 3 and 3a exhibited no activity. In particular, compound 1 exhibited a concentration-dependent radical scavenging activity on DPPH with EC50 of 31.43 lg/mL.

Design and Performance Analysis of Axial Hydro Turbine with Criteria of Tangential Velocity and Constant Diffusion Factor

Priyono Sutikno,Nono Suprayetno,Nathanael P. Tandian,Firman Hartono 한국유체기계학회 2017 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.10 No.4

In reality, the flow condition inside meridional channel may vary from hub to tip, therefore meridional analysis will affect to the blade geometry whether is twisted or tapered. The prediction of maximum surface velocity is not easy, but Lieblein was postulated the alternative form of diffusion factor (DF) on airfoil which can be applied for the cascade analysis. Diffusion factor on cascade is an important design parameter to avoid cavitation in turbomachinery due to the pressure distribution and velocity variation on the surface. The purpose of present study is to know the influence of tangential velocity distribution and constant DF on the blade shape and performance of the axial hydro turbine. There are four criteria of tangential velocity distribution or usually is called as swirl velocity that discussed in this paper, they are mixed vortex, free vortex, forced vortex and constant vortex. Constant DF was applied to the all tangential velocity distribution to obtain pitch chord ratio calculation. This will affect to the pitch chord ratio value and the blade shape of rotor. Performance prediction of axial turbine is performed through Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) to validate global parameter design. The result of numerical simulation can be used as basic consideration for manufacturing and experimental testing.

Optimization of Barium Titanate Slip for Tape Casting Using Design of Experiments?

Sung-Wook Kwon,윤당혁,Nono Darsono 한국세라믹학회 2006 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.43 No.9

A full-factorial design of experiments with three input factors and two levels for each factor including center points was uti-3 slips for tape casting. Ceramic powders with diferentparticle sizes, different milling methods such as high energy milling and conventional ball milling, and two types of dispersan twith different polymeric species were chosen as input factors in order to investigate their effects on slip and on green tape p rop-erties. Tape casting, a small rectangular-shaped K-square preparation, characterization and quantitative data analysis using st a-tistical software were followed. Ceramic powder was the most significant among three input factors for the output responses ofn,high energy milling for only 30 min was more efficient than 24 h of conventional ball milling in terms of powder dispersion andmilling. The optimum condition based on the experimental results was a slip exposed to high energy milling with large ceramicparticles along with a methylethyl acetate dispersant.

Determination and Modeling Desorption Isotherms of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and Sweet Green Pepper (Capsicum annum L. Moench)

Kemmene Dapabko Simplice,Jiokap Nono Yvette,Arebga Aworou Waste,Kapseu César,Puiggali Jean-Rodolphe 한국농업기계학회 2021 바이오시스템공학 Vol.46 No.1

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the experimental moisture sorption isotherm of green pepper and okra, assess the performance of literature sorption models describing their behavior, and specify bound water properties. Methods Isotherms were determined through the static gravimetric method at 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C. Twenty models were studied and fittings were done through nonlinear regression using MATLAB R2015b. GAB and Caurie models were used to determine energy constants and bound water properties respectively. Structural parameters were determined according to Kelvin and Halsey equations. Results All the experimental isotherm were of sigmoid shape. For both samples, Peleg, Enderby, and Guggenheim Anderson deBoer (GAB) models gave the best validation statistic criteria. R-squared (R2) values were all greater than 0.926 and root-meansquare error (RMSE) values less than 0.04 for both substrates. The GAB energy constants varied with temperature between 6.00 to 51.75 and 34.23 to 176.78 for Cg constants, and 0.70–0.99 and 0.75–0.93 for Kg constants, respectively, for okra and green pepper. The Cg energy constant globally decreased with increasing temperature. The monolayer moisture content Wm, varied with temperature between (0.0740–0.1044) kg kg−1 and (0.0760–0.1522) kg kg−1 respectively for okra and green pepper. Green pepper bound water property values were globally higher than those of okra and both were successfully modeled according to the equilibrium moisture content and according to the temperature. Analysis based on the IUPAC classification revealed a macroporous structure of the two materials. Conclusions The hygroscopic equilibriums, physicochemical and microbiological stability conditions of green pepper and okra, were determined, for given environmental temperature values. The results obtained from the present study would serve in understanding the water state and mechanism of water sorption, defining drying and storage conditions of the tested vegetables, as well as designing corresponding dryers and packaging.

Design and Performance Analysis of Axial Hydro Turbine with Criteria of Tangential Velocity and Constant Diffusion Factor

Sutikno, Priyono,Suprayetno, Nono,Tandian, Nathanael P.,Hartono, Firman Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2017 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.10 No.4

In reality, the flow condition inside meridional channel may vary from hub to tip, therefore meridional analysis will affect to the blade geometry whether is twisted or tapered. The prediction of maximum surface velocity is not easy, but Lieblein was postulated the alternative form of diffusion factor (DF) on airfoil which can be applied for the cascade analysis. Diffusion factor on cascade is an important design parameter to avoid cavitation in turbomachinery due to the pressure distribution and velocity variation on the surface. The purpose of present study is to know the influence of tangential velocity distribution and constant DF on the blade shape and performance of the axial hydro turbine. There are four criteria of tangential velocity distribution or usually is called as swirl velocity that discussed in this paper, they are mixed vortex, free vortex, forced vortex and constant vortex. Constant DF was applied to the all tangential velocity distribution to obtain pitch chord ratio calculation. This will affect to the pitch chord ratio value and the blade shape of rotor. Performance prediction of axial turbine is performed through Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) to validate global parameter design. The result of numerical simulation can be used as basic consideration for manufacturing and experimental testing.

Revisiting the Long-Run Relationship Between Inward/Outward FDI and Income Inequality: New Evidence from the OECD

Akyuz Mert,Gueye Ghislain Nono,Karul Cagin 한국국제경제학회 2023 International Economic Journal Vol.37 No.2

The relatively small panel cointegration literature on the dynam- ics between FDI and income inequality predominantly finds that FDI will reduce income inequality in the long-run in developed countries. However, we point out an important technical oversight in the literature. Not accounting for cross-section dependence in panel data methodologies may yield unreliable results. Expanding on the work of Herzer and Nunnenkamp [(2013). Inward and out- ward FDI and income inequality: Evidence from Europe. Review of World Economics, 149(2), 395–422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290- 013-0148-3], who pioneered the use of panel cointegration in the European context, we obtain different results when we account for cross-section dependence and employ economic procedures robust to it. Using a panel containing 16 OECD countries (1979–2017), 2 income inequality measures, and 4 FDI measures, we begin by show- ing strong evidence for the existence of cross-section dependence. Then, using second-generation econometric procedures, we do not find any evidence for a cointegrating relationship between inward FDI and income inequality. We do find evidence that outward FDI is cointegrated with income inequality; however, contrary to the main results of the literature, we find that it widens the income gap in the long-run. Additionally, our results support the view that fiscal policy is an important tool to reduce income inequality.

Optimization of Barium Titanate Slip for Tape Casting Using Design of Experiments

Kwon, Sung-Wook,Darsono, Nono,Yoon, Dang-Hyok The Korean Ceramic Society 2006 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.43 No.9

A full-factorial design of experiments with three input factors and two levels for each factor including center points was utilized for the preparation and characterization of twelve types of $BaTiO_3$ slips for tape casting. Ceramic powders with different particle sizes, different milling methods such as high energy milling and conventional ball milling, and two types of dispersant with different polymeric species were chosen as input factors in order to investigate their effects on slip and on green tape properties. Tape casting, a small rectangular-shaped K-square preparation, characterization and quantitative data analysis using statistical software were followed. Ceramic powder was the most significant among three input factors for the output responses of slip viscosity and green tape density, showing more favorable results with large particles than with very fine ones. In addition, high energy milling for only 30 min was more efficient than 24h of conventional ball milling in terms of powder dispersion and milling. The optimum condition based on the experimental results was a slip exposed to high energy milling with large ceramic particles along with a methylethyl acetate dispersant.

Production of monodisperse spherical mesophase from coal tar pitch by solvent extraction

Phiciato Phiciato,Yudi Nugraha Thaha,Nono Darsono,Miftahul Huda 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.6

The spherical mesophases are the main precursors for the high tap density of carbonaceous anode batteries. However, it is challenging to control mesophase size without coalescence and no deformation since it quickly coalesces into a regular large sphere. Here, we propose a feasible extraction method to refine the spherical size of mesophase using benzene. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis of untreated pitch revealed that the maximum temperature for mesophase nucleation should not exceed 410 °C to provoke the nucleation of mesophase spheres while maintaining a high pyrolysis yield. The extraction results showed that the extraction weight tends to decrease with an increase in the solvent ratio. There is an exponential relationship between the influence of solvent ratio and the ability for extraction. The solubility of the spherical mesophase in benzene is size-dependent and can dissolve selectively spherical mesophases smaller than 5 μm. Consequently, a monodisperse spherical mesophase was obtained. The reason for forming uniform mesophase spheres can be explained by their thermodynamic state, as described by the “two-step” classical nucleation theory. Benzene effectively improves the size distribution of spherical mesophase by dissolving small sizes while retaining large ones.

Integracide K: A New Tetracyclic Triterpenoid from Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC. (Fabaceae)

Borice Tapondjou Tsafack,Beaudelaire Kemvoufo Ponou,Rémy Bertrand Teponno,Raymond Ngansop Nono,Kristina Jenett-Siems,Matthias F. Melzig,박희준,Léon Azefack Tapondjou 한국생약학회 2017 Natural Product Sciences Vol.23 No.2

A new tetracyclic triterpenoid [4,4,24-trimethylcholesta-D8,9;14,15;24,28-trien-3b,11b,12a-triol-12-acetate, 3-sulfate] sodium salt (1), together with eight known compounds including ergosterol 5a,8a-endoperoxide (2), 1,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-methylpterocarpan (3), 3-O-b-D-2-acetyl-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranoxyloleanoic acid (4), hydnocarpin (5), derrone (6), isovitexin (7), erythrinin C (8), and 5,4'-dihydroxy-2''-hydroxyisopropyldihydrofurano [4,5:7,8]-isoflavone (9), were isolated from the EtOAc soluble fraction of the methanol extract of aerial part of Desmodium uncinatum collected in the western highland of Cameroon. The structures of these compounds were established by comprehensive interpretation of their spectral data mainly including 1D- (1H and 13C), 2D-NMR (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC) spectroscopic and ESI-TOF-MS mass spectrometric analysis. The isolation of an integracide-like compound from plant origin is a very unusual finding.