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Antioxidant activity of water and alcohol extracts of Thuja orientalis leaves
Nizam, Iram,Mushfiq, M Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2007 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.1
Water and alcohol extracts were prepared from dried and powdered leaves of Thuja orientalis (T. orientalis). The reducing power, total phenolic content, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity, inhibitory effect on Fe (II)-EDTA-$H_{2}O_{2}$ (Fenton reaction system) induced DNA damage and inhibitory effect on human red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis were evaluated in the present study. At a concentration of 200 mg, water and alcohol extracts of T. orientalis inhibited the hydrolysis of DNA by 72.859% and 65.312%, respectively. Water and alcohol extracts of T. orientalis also inhibited 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride induced RBC hemolysis to the extent of 69.30% and 54.55%, respectively. The reducing power and antioxidative activity of water extract was found to be more than that of alcohol extract. This is attributable to the presence of higher amount of phenolic compounds in water extract. The present results indicate that the T. orientalis extracts are rich sources of natural antioxidants and can protect DNA and human red blood cells against free radical induced oxidative damage.
Antioxidant activity of five different solvent extracts of the edible fruits of Ficus racemosa
Nizam, Iram,Mushfiq, M. 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.3
The fruits of Ficus racemosa were extracted in five different solvents and their total phenolic content (TPC) was determined. They were then evaluated for their antioxidant activities by determining the reducing power, DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, inhibitory effect on Fenton reaction induced oxidative DNA damage and inhibition of ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching. The decreasing order of antioxidant activities is methanol extract (F-Me)>ethyl acetate extract (F-EA)>acetone extract (F-Ac)>chloroform extract (F-Chl)>petrol extract (F-Pet) in all the methods which is in conformity with TPC. The results clearly demonstrate that methanol extract has highest TPC and displayed strongest activity, and can be used to prevent oxidative stress related diseases. The processing of perishable fruits of Ficus racemosa by selective extraction with methanol can give better yield of antioxidants and the extract can be stored as food supplement with longer shelf life.
Comparative Atomic Charges on Na+-(H2O)n (n = 1–6) Clusters
Nizam Uddin,최철호 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.3
The performance of our mean gradient charge (MGC) concept was systematically investigated by adopting Na+-(H2O)n (n = 1–6) model clusters. The Mulliken charges are sensitive to the choice of theories and basis sets, and ChelpG charges abnormally behave with the system size. MGC and “atoms-in-molecules” (AIM) show small mean standard deviations (~0.02) with the choice of the theory and the basis set. However, an unpredictable value was found in AIM predictions. Both natural population analysis (NPA) and MGC yielded smooth and monotonic curves as a function of the system size. Therefore, MGC appears to have desirable properties in the consistent and reliable predictions of atomic charges.
An Adaptive Undervoltage Load Shedding Against Voltage Collapse Based Power Transfer Stability Index
Nizam, Muhammad,Mohamed, Azah,Hussain, Aini The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2007 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.2 No.4
This paper highlights the comparison of a proposed methods named adaptive undervoltage load shedding based PTSI techniques for undervoltage load shedding and two previous methods named Fixed Shed Fixed Delay (FSFD) and Variable Shed Variable Delay (VSVD) for avoiding voltage collapse. There are three main area considerations in load shedding schemes as the amount of load to be shed, the timing of load shedding event, and the location where load shed is to be shed. The proposed method, named as adaptive UVLS based PTSI seem to be most appropriate among the uncoordinated schemes. From the simulation result can be shown the Adaptive UVLS based PTSI give faster response, accurate and very sensitive control for the UVLS control technique. This technique is effectively when calculating the amount to be shed. Therefore, it is possible to bring the voltage to the threshold value in one step. Thus, the adaptive load shedding can effectively reduce the computational time for control strategy.
Nizam, Zahary Mohd,Abdul Aziz, Ahmad Aizat,Kaur, Gurjeet,Abu Hassan, Muhammad Radzi,Mohd Sidek, Ahmad Shanwani,Lee, Yeong Yeh,Mazuwin, Maya,Ankathil, Ravindran Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) exists in a more common sporadic form and less common hereditary forms, associated with the Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and other rare syndromes. Sporadic CRC is believed to arise as a result of close interaction between environmental factors, including dietary and lifestyle habits, and genetic predisposition factors. In contrast, hereditary forms such as those related to the Lynch syndrome result from inheritance of germline mutations of mismatch repair (MMR) genes. However, in certain cases, the influence of low penetrance alleles in familial colorectal cancer susceptibility is also undeniable. Aim: To investigate the genotype frequencies of MLH1 promoter polymorphism -93G>A and to determine whether it could play any role in modulating familial and sporadic CRC susceptibility risk. Methods: A case-control study comprising of 104 histopathologically confirmed CRC patients as cases (52 sporadic CRC and 52 Lynch syndrome patients) and 104 normal healthy individuals as controls was undertaken. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the polymorphism was genotyped employing PCR-RFLP methods. The genotypes were categorized into homozygous wild type, heterozygous and homozygous variants. The risk association between these polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility risk was calculated using binary logistic regression analysis and deriving odds ratios (ORs). Results: When risk association was investigated for all CRC patients as a single group, the heterozygous (G/A) genotype showed a significantly higher risk for CRC susceptibility with an OR of 2.273, (95%CI: 1.133-4.558 and p-value=0.021). When analyzed specifically for the 2 types of CRC, the heterozygous (G/A) genotype showed significantly higher risk for sporadic CRC susceptibility with and OR of 3.714, (95%CI: 1.416-9.740 and p-value=0.008). Despite high OR value was observed for Lynch syndrome (OR: 1.600, 95%CI: 0.715-3.581), the risk was not statistically significant (P=0.253). Conclusion: Our results suggest an influence of MLH1 promoter polymorphism -93G>A in modulating susceptibility risk in Malaysian CRC patients, especially those with sporadic disease.
An Adaptive Undervoltage Load Shedding Against Voltage Collapse Based Power Transfer Stability Index
Muhammad Nizam,Azah Mohamed,Aini Hussain 대한전기학회 2007 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.2 No.4
This paper highlights the comparison of a proposed methods named adaptive undervoltage load shedding based PTSI techniques for undervoltage load shedding and two previous methods named Fixed Shed Fixed Delay (FSFD) and Variable Shed Variable Delay (VSVD) for avoiding voltage collapse. There are three main area considerations in load shedding schemes as the amount of load to be shed, the timing of load shedding event, and the location where load shed is to be shed. The proposed method, named as adaptive UVLS based PTSI seem to be most appropriate among the uncoordinated schemes. From the simulation result can be shown the Adaptive UVLS based PTSI give faster response, accurate and very sensitive control for the UVLS control technique. This technique is effectively when calculating the amount to be shed. Therefore, it is possible to bring the voltage to the threshold value in one step. Thus, the adaptive load shedding can effectively reduce the computational time for control strategy.
Uddin, Nizam,Kim, Jeongmin,Sung, Bong June,Choi, Tae Hoon,Choi, Cheol Ho,Kang, Heon American Chemical Society 2014 The Journal of physical chemistry B Vol.118 No.47
<P>With the help of QM/EFP-MD with modern correlated quantum theories, distinctly different proton transport dynamics for hydronium and hydroxide ions was revealed. The efficiency of proton transfer for hydronium was found to be significantly higher than that for hydroxide, and the difference in efficiency increased as the temperature was lowered. This difference in dynamics suggests that molecular Brownian diffusion may play an important role in hydroxide transport. Our theoretical findings are consistent with recent experimental observations of proton transfer in amorphous solid water.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpcbfk/2014/jpcbfk.2014.118.issue-47/jp5093114/production/images/medium/jp-2014-093114_0009.gif'></P>