Co-digestion of euryhaline microalgae Scenedesmus sp. MKB. with paddy straw for biogas production

Nishu Sharma,Urmila Gupta,Iqbal Singh 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.2

Biogas is a clean and renewable biofuel source produced by anaerobic digestion of organic matter and can replace conventional sources of energy such as fossil fuels. The present study was undertaken to assess biogas production from microalgae Scenedesmus sp. MKB. (MN796425) which was isolated from the saline water collected from the waterlogged area of Southwest Punjab. The biogas production for different concentrations of microalgal biomass, microalgal filtrate, and paddy straw was observed in laboratory conditions and the performance of microalgae was also studied in field conditions. The co-digestion of microalgal biomass and paddy straw under laboratory conditions revealed maximum production of 60.18 L when both were co-digested as compared to 48.56 L during the digestion of paddy straw alone. Kinetics of biogas production studied by modified Gompertz equation revealed that the highest biogas production potential (P) of 68.58 mLg<SUP>-1</SUP> volatile solids at the biogas production rate (R<SUB>m</SUB>) of 1.34 mLg<SUP>-1</SUP>d<SUP>-1</SUP> with lag phase (λ) of 0.66 days. Microalgae biomass production under field conditions was carried out in an open raceway pond of 200 L capacity and later biomass was digested in 1 ㎥ digester that showed cumulative biogas production of 2,407 L and it was 20.44% more than control.

A genomic approach to identify core gene clusters in drought-tolerant diazotroph to alleviate drought stress in plant

Nishu Susmita Das,Hye Rim Hyun,Tae Kwon Lee 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2019 No.12

Enhancement of drought stress tolerance in crops by plant growth promoting rhizobacria

Nishu Susmita Das,Hye Rim Hyun,No Jee Hyun,Wee Gui Nam,Tae Kwon Lee 대한환경공학회 2018 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2018 No.11

Multi-Parameter Approach for Evaluation of Genomic Instability in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Sekar, Nishu,Nair, Manju,Francis, Glory,Kongath, Parvathy Raj,Babu, Sandhya,Raja, Sudhakaran,Gopalakrishnan, Abilash Valsala Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16

Background: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation, is a common endocrine disorder in women. PCOS, which is associated with polycystic ovaries, hirsutism, obesity and insulin resistance, is a leading cause of female infertility. In this condition there is an imbalance in female sex hormones. All the sequelae symptoms of PCOS gradually lead to cancer in the course of time. It is heterogeneous disorder of unknown etiology so it is essential to find the exact cause. Materials and Methods: In this study both invasive and non-invasive techniques were employed to establish the etiology. Diagnosis was based on Rotterdam criteria (hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, PCOM) and multiparameters using buccal samples and dermatoglypic analysis and cytogenetic study for 10 cases and four age and sex matched controls. Results: In clinical analysis we have observed the mean value of total testosterone level was 23.6nmol/L, total hirsutism score was from 12-24, facial acne was found in in 70% patients with 7-12 subcapsular follicular cysts, each measuring 2-8 mm in diameter. In dermatoglypic analysis we observed increases in mean value ($45.9^{\circ}$) of ATD angle when compared with control group and also found increased frequency (38%) of Ulnar loops on both fingers (UU), (18%) whorls on the right finger and Ulnar loop on left finger (WU) and (16%) arches on right and left fingers (AA) were observed in PCOS patients when compared with control subjects. Features which could be applied as markers for PCOS patients are the presence of Ulnar loops in middle and little fingers of right and left hand. The buccal micronucleus cytome assay in exfoliated buccal cells, we found decrease in frequency of micronuclei and significant increases in frequency of karyolysed nuclei in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients. Chromosome aberration analysis revealed a significant increase in frequency of chromosome aberrations (CAs) in PCOS patients when compared with controls. Conclusions: From this present work it can be concluded that non-invasive technique like dermatoglypics analysis and buccal micronucleus cytome assays with exfoliated buccal cell can also be effective biomarkers for PCOS, along with increased CAs in lymphocytes as a sign of genetic instability. There is a hypothesis that micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations could have a predictive value for cancer. From this present work it can be concluded to some extent that non-invasive technique like dermatoglypics and buccal cell analysis can also be effective for diagnosis.

Numerical modeling of internal waves within a coupled analysis framework and their influence on spar platforms

Kurup, Nishu V.,Shi, Shan,Jiang, Lei,Kim, M.H. Techno-Press 2015 Ocean systems engineering Vol.5 No.4

Internal solitary waves occur due to density stratification and are nonlinear in nature. These waves have been observed in many parts of the world including the South China Sea, Andaman Sea and Sulu Sea. Their effect on floating systems has been an emerging field of interest and recent offshore developments in the South China Sea where several offshore oil and gas discoveries are located have confirmed adverse effects including large platform motions and riser system damage. A valid numerical model conforming to the physics of internal waves is implemented in this paper and the effect on a spar platform is studied. The physics of internal waves is modeled by the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, which has a general solution involving Jacobian elliptical functions. The effects of vertical density stratification are captured by solving the Taylor Goldstein equation. Fully coupled time domain analyses are conducted to estimate the effect of internal waves on a typical truss spar, which is configured to South China Sea development requirements and environmental conditions. The hull, moorings and risers are considered as an integrated system and the platform global motions are analyzed. The study could be useful for future guidance and development of offshore systems in the South China Sea and other areas where the internal wave phenomenon is prominent.

The effect of engineered PLGA nanoparticles on nitrifying bacteria in the soil environment

Susmita Das Nishu,Seungbin Park,Yuhyun Ji,Il Han,Jaehong Key,Tae Kwon Lee 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.84 No.-

As a result of their biodegradability and biocompatibility, various nanoparticles using poly(lactic-coglycolicacid) (PLGA) as a copolymer have shown promising results in biomedical engineeringfields,including molecular imaging and drug delivery. However, the potential nanotoxicity of PLGA-basednanoparticles in the environment was poorly understood. Measurement of bacterial nitrificationactivities and changes in the soil microbial community are both critical parameters that should be used toevaluate potential distrurbances in the functioning of the environmental ecosystem. This study aimed toinvestigate the impact of PLGA nanoparticles with different zeta-potentials on nitrifying bacterialcommunities in the soil environment. In pure culture studies, the ammonia oxidation was inhibited byhigher than 50% when PLGA cocentration is more than 0.05 mg/L or more regardless of zeta potential andexposure time, but the negligible effects were observed on the nitrite oxidation by most conditions. In thesoil microcosm experiment, at the 0.05 concentration of the oparticles, the ammonia and nitriteoxidation were inhibited by more than 50% on thefirst day regardless of the nanoparticle composition,but all the activity was recovered after 14 days. These results provide a fundamental information on thetoxcity of PLGA nanparticles on ecologcial function.

A study of internal wave influence on OTEC systems

Shi, Shan,Kurup, Nishu V.,Halkyard, John,Jiang, Lei Techno-Press 2013 Ocean systems engineering Vol.3 No.4

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) systems utilize the temperature difference between the surface water and deep ocean water to generate electrical energy. In addition to ocean surface waves, wind and current, in certain locations like the Andaman Sea, Sulu Sea and the South China Sea the presence of strong internal waves may become a concern in floating OTEC system design. The current paper focuses on studying the dependence of the CWP hydrodynamic drag on relative velocity of the flow around the pipe, the effect of drag amplification due to vortex induced vibrations and the influence of internal waves on the floating semi and the cold water pipe integrated OTEC system. Two CWP sizes are modeled; the 4m diameter pipe represents a small scale prototype and the 10m diameter pipe represents a full commercial size CWP. are considered in the study.

내건성 식물생장 촉진 균주인 Glutamicibacter halophytocola DR408의 유전체 분석

수스미타 다스 니슈,현혜림,이태권,Nishu, Susmita Das,Hyun, Hye Rim,Lee, Tae Kwon The Microbiological Society of Korea 2019 미생물학회지 Vol.55 No.3

제천에서의 콩 근권 시료로부터 분리한 Glutamicibacter halophytocola DR408 균주는 내건성 식물생장촉진력을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서 DR408 균주의 완전한 유전체 서열을 해독한 결과, 유전체의 크기는 3.77 Mbp였으며, G + C 함량이 60.2%였다. 또한 총 3,352개의 유전자 서열과 65개의 tRNA, 19개의 rRNA, 3개의 ncRNA가 존재하였다. 유전체 분석을 통해 식물의 내건성을 향상시킬 수 있는 삼투질 합성과 식물생장촉진 효소를 코딩하는 유전자를 다수 포함하는 것을 확인하였다. Glutamicibacter halophytocola DR408 isolated from the rhizospheric soil of soybean plant at Jecheon showed drought tolerance and plant growth promotion capacity. The complete genome of strain DR408 comprises 3,770,186 bp, 60.2% GC-content, which include 3,352 protein-coding genes, 64 tRNAs, 19 rRNA, and 3 ncRNA. The genome analysis revealed gene clusters encoding osmolyte synthesis and plant growth promotion enzymes, which are known to contribute to improve drought tolerance of the plant.

Clinical, Cytogenetic and CYP1A1 exon-1 Gene Mutation Analysis of Beedi Workers in Vellore Region, Tamil Nadu

Sundaramoorthy, Rajiv,Srinivasan, Vasanth,Gujar, Jidnyasa,Sen, Ayantika,Sekar, Nishu,Abilash, Valsala Gopalakrishnan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Background: Beedi rollers are exposed to unburnt tobacco dust through cutaneous and pharyngeal route and it is extremely harmful to the body since it is carcinogenic in nature and can cause cancer during long exposure. This indicates that occupational exposure to tobacco imposes considerable genotoxicity among beedi workers. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 27 beedi workers and age and sex matched controls were enrolled for clinical, cytogenetics and molecular analysis. Clinical features were recorded. The workers were in the age group of 28-67 years and were workers exposure from 8-60 years. Blood samples were collected from workers and control subjects and lymphocyte cultures were carried out by using standard technique, slides were prepared and 50 metaphases were scored for each sample to find the chromosomal abnormalities. For molecular analysis the genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, to screen the variations in gene, the exon 1 of CYP1A1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then screened with Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Results: A statistically significant increase was observed in the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in exposed groups when compared to the respective controls and variations observed in Exon 1 of CYP1A1(Cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1) gene. Conclusions: This study shows that, the toxicants present in the beedi that enter into human body causes disturbance to normal state and behavior of the chromosomes which results in reshuffling of hereditary material causing chromosomal aberrations and genomic variations.