Investigation into the Distribution of Total, Free, Peptide-bound, Protein-bound, Soluble- and Insoluble-Collagen Hydroxyproline in Various Bovine Tissues

( Nikhat J. Siddiqi ),( Abdullah S. Alhomida ) 생화학분자생물학회 2003 BMB Reports Vol.36 No.2

Collagen is a family of proteins which consists of several genetically distinct molecular species and is intimately involved in tissue organization, function, differentiation and development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of different hydroxyproline (Hyp) fractions viz., total, free, peptide-bound, protein-bound, soluble- and insoluble-collagen hydroxyproline (Hyp) in various bovine tissues. Results showed that liver had the highest concentration of free Hyp followed by kidney, brain, spleen, lungs, muscle and heart. Liver also had the highest concentration of peptide-bound collagen Hyp followed by kidney, heart, spleen, lungs, brain and muscle. The concentration of protein-bound collagen Hyp was highest in the liver, followed by kidney, spleen, lungs, muscle, brain and heart. Total Hyp was highest in the liver, followed by kidney, spleen, brain, heart, muscle and lungs. Liver also had significantly high concentration of collagen as compared to other tissues examined (P<0.001). Spleen had the significantly higher concentration of soluble-collagen Hyp when compared to other tissues (P<0.001). This was followed by heart, muscle, lungs, brain, kidney and liver. Heart had the highest concentration of insoluble-collagen Hyp followed by lungs, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen and brain. The variation among the insoluble-collagen Hyp Concentration of heart and muscle, spleen and brain was significant (P<0.001). We speculate that these differences could be due to the variation in turn over of rate of collagen metabolism in this species.

Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Neurotransmission

( Nikhat J. Siddiqi ),( Abdullah S. Alhomida ),( Kazuhiro Tanaka ),( Akhlaq A. Farooqui ),( Wei Yi Ong ) 한국응용약물학회 2012 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.20 No.2

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the brain and a structural component of neuronal membranes. Changes in DHA content of neuronal membranes lead to functional changes in the activity of receptors and other proteins which might be associated with synaptic function. Accumulating evidence suggests the benefl cial effects of dietary DHA supplementation on neurotransmission. This article reviews the benefl cial effects of DHA on the brain; uptake, incorporation and release of DHA at synapses, effects of DHA on synapses, effects of DHA on neurotransmitters, DHA metabolites, and changes in DHA with age. Further studies to better understand the metabolome of DHA could result in more effective use of this molecule for treatment of neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric diseases.

Modified Beach Placer Ilmenite: Dilute Magnetic Oxide

Nikhat Parveen,Davuluri Sindhura,G. V. S. Murthy 한국자기학회 2019 Journal of Magnetics Vol.24 No.3

Naturally-occurring Ilmenite ore is usually a mixture of Ilmenite (FeTiO₃) and hematite (Fe₂O₃). Synthesized solid solutions of Ilmenite and hematite are known to have interesting magnetic and electric properties. In the present study, we report that naturally occurring Ilmenite sintered with titanium dioxide also has low electrical resistivity and can be a natural resource for applications as electronic materials as envisaged for the system Ilmenite-hematite.

Investigation into the Distribution of Total, Free, Peptide-bound, Protein-bound, Soluble-and Insoluble-Collagen Hydroxyproline in Various Bovine Tissues

Siddiqi, Nikhat J.,Alhomida, Abdullah S. Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2003 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.36 No.2

Collagen is a family of proteins which consists of several genetically distinct molecular species and is intimately involved in tissue organization, function, differentiation and development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of different hydroxyproline (Hyp) fractions viz., total, free, peptide-bound, protein-bound, soluble- and insoluble-collagen hydroxyproline (Hyp) in various bovine tissues. Results showed that liver had the highest concentration of free Hyp followed by kidney, brain, spleen, lungs, muscle and heart. Liver also had the highest concentration of peptide-bound collagen Hyp followed by kidney, heart, spleen, lungs, brain and muscle. The concentration of protein-bound collagen Hyp was highest in the liver, followed by kidney, spleen, lungs, muscle, brain and heart. Total Hyp was highest in the liver, followed by kidney, spleen, brain, heart, muscle and lungs. Liver also had significantly high concentration of collagen as compared to other tissues examined (P<0.001). Spleen had the significantly higher concentration of soluble-collagen Hyp when compared to other tissues (P<0.001). This was followed by heart, muscle, lungs, brain, kidney and liver. Heart had the highest concentration of insoluble-collagen Hyp followed by lungs, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen and brain. The variation among the insoluble-collagen Hyp concentration of heart and muscle, spleen and brain was significant (P<0.001). We speculate that these differences could be due to the variation in turn over of rate of collagen metabolism in this species.

Effect of Glucose, Its Analogs and Some Amino Acids on Pre-steady State Kinetics of ATP Hydrolysis by PM-ATPase of Pathogenic Yeast (Candida albicans)

Bushra, Rashid,Nikhat, Manzoor,M., Amin,Luqman A., Khan The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2004 Korean journal of biological sciences Vol.8 No.4

Fast kinetics of transient pH changes and difference spectrum formation have been investigated following mixing of ADP/ATP with partially purified plasma membrane PM-ATPase of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans in the presence of five nutrients: glucose, glutamic acid, proline, lysine, and arginine and two analogs of glucose: 2-deoxy D-glucose and xylose. Average $H^+$- absorption to release ratio, indicative of population of ATPase undergoing complete hydrolytic cycle, was found to be 0.27 for control. This ratio varied between 0.25 (proline) to 0.36 (arginine) for all other compounds tested, except for glucose. In the presence of glucose, $H^+$- absorption to release ratio was exceptionally high (0.92). While no UV difference spectrum was observed with ADP, mixing of ATP with ATPase led to a large conformational change. Exposure to different nutrients restricted the magnitude of the conformational change; the analogs of glucose were found to be ineffective. This suppression was maximal in the case of glucose (80%); with other nutrients, the magnitude of suppression ranged from 40-50%. Rate of $H^+$- absorption, which is indicative of E~P complex dissociation, showed positive correlation with suppression of conformational change only in the case of glucose and no other nutrient/analog. Mode of interaction of glucose with plasma membrane $H^+$-ATPase thus appears to be strikingly distinct compared to that of other nutrients/analogs tested. The results obtained lead us to propose a model for explaining glucose stimulation of plasma membrane $H^+$-ATPase activity.

Effect of Glucose, Its Analogs and Some Amino Acids on Pre-steady State Kinetics of ATP Hydrolysis by PM-ATPase of Pathogenic Yeast (Candida albicans)

Bushra Rashid,Nikhat Manzoor,M. Amin,Luqman A. Khan 한국통합생물학회 2004 Animal cells and systems Vol.8 No.4

Fast kinetics of transient pH changes and difference spectrum formation have been investigated following mixing of ADP/ATP with partially purified plasma membrane PM-ATPase of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans in the presence of five nutrients: glucose, glutamic acid, proline, lysine, and arginine and two analogs of glucose: 2-deoxy D-glucose and xylose. Average H+ - absorption to release ratio, indicative of population of ATPase undergoing complete hydrolytic cycle, was found to be 0.27 for control. This ratio varied between 0.25 (proline) to 0.36 (arginine) for all other compounds tested, except for glucose. In the presence of glucose, H+ - absorption to release ratio was exceptionally high (0.92). While no UV difference spectrum was observed with ADP, mixing of ATP with ATPase led to a large conformational change. Exposure to different nutrients restricted the magnitude of the conformational change; the analogs of glucose were found to be ineffective. This suppression was maximal in the case of glucose (80%); with other nutrients, the magnitude of suppression ranged from 40-50%. Rate of H+ - absorption, which is indicative of E~P complex dissociation, showed positive correlation with suppression of conformational change only in the case of glucose and no other nutrient/analog. Mode of interaction of glucose with plasma membrane H+-ATPase thus appears to be strikingly distinct compared to that of other nutrients/analogs tested. The results obtained lead us to propose a model for explaining glucose stimulation of plasma membrane H+ - ATPase activity.

MEDICINAL BENEFITS OF ADHATODA VASICA NEES.-IN UNANI AND CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE

Khan, Rabia,Shamsi, Yasmeen,Nikhat, Sadia Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.2

Arusa (Adhatoda vasica) is an important medicinal plant widely used in Unani system of medicine of (Family-Acanthaceae). The leaves of Adhatoda vasica contain several biologically active phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenolics and flavonoids. It mainly consists of pyrroquinazoline, alkaloids, viz. vasicine, vasicol, vasicinone, peganine along with other minor constituents. The plant possesses diverse pharmacological activities, In Unani system of medicine, the drug is described as having dafa-e-tashannuj (anti-spasmodic), qatil-e-jarasim (antibiotic), mukhrij-e-balgham (expectorant), dafa-e-humma (antipyretic) properties due to which it is prescribed in a wide range of ailments like influenza, tuberculosis, bronchitis, gastric ulcers etc. Leaf juice is beneficial in the treatment of dysentery and diarrhoea. Various other activities like radio modulation, hypoglycaemic effect, cardiovascular protection, antitubercular, antiviral, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity have also been reported.

Fasad (Venesection): An important regimental therapy in Unani System of Medicine

Khan, Javed ahmad,Nikhat, Shagufta,Ahmad, Naseem,Zohaib, Sharique,Parray, Shabir ahmad Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2017 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.7 No.4

Fasad i.e. venesection is an old classical method of treatment in the Unani system of medicine. Fasad is Arabic word which means "to open". In the process, complete evacuation which drains out blood and dominating humours mixed with blood from veins. Fasad is carried out when the kamiyat (quantity) of the blood is excess in the body and patient is either exposed to the risk of developing a disease or has actually developed one. In classical literature of Unani system of medicine, physicians wrote a lot about this procedure. The details of venesection is mentioned in the given paper on the basis of classical literature including history, indications, types, amount of blood to be venesected, time, person, procedure, complications and special focus has been made on the number of vessels to be venesected and their benefits with respected to disease and condition.

FICUS CARICA L.: A PANACEA OF NUTRITIONAL AND MEDICINAL BENEFITS

Salma, Salma,Shamsi, Yasmeen,Ansari, Saba,Nikhat, Sadia Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.1

Since times immemorial, people have been dependant on plants for the various nutritional and pharamacological properties. Folk and traditional medicine recognizes thousands of plant species having miraculous benefits. Fig (Ficus carica Linn.) has been part of folk-lore since centuries. Ficus carica Linn. (Moraceae) is a huge deciduous tree, with more than 800 species. Different parts of Ficus carica like bark, root, leaves, fruit and latex have their own valuable importance and are frequently used for the treatment of various illnesses. Fruit of Ficus carica is commonly called as fig (anjeer) has various medicinal properties used in Unani, Ayurvedic and Chinese traditional system of medicines. Fig fruit is mostly used in gastro intestinal and respiratory disorders. In Unani medicine, fig is used as a diuretic, mild laxative and expectorant. Phytochemical studies on the leaves and fruits of the plant have shown that they are rich in Phenolics, Flavonoids, Vitamin C, Alkaloids, Saponins, Coumarins, tannins, organic acids, and volatile compounds due to which it is having great antioxidant property. Most interesting therapeutic effects include hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antimicrobial and hypolipidemic activities.

Anticancer activities of Papaya (Carica papaya): A Review

Parray, Zahoor ahmad,Parray, Shabir ahmad,Khan, Javed ahmad,Zohaib, Sharique,Nikhat, Shagufta Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2018 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.8 No.4

Cancer is considered one of the deadly diseases in the world. According to WHO cancer now causes more deaths than all coronary heart disease. The incidence and mortality of the worldwide major cancers are now available in the GLOBOCAN series of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The transition of global demographic and epidemiologic shows that burden of cancer will increase particularly in low and middle income countries, with over 20 million new cancer cases expected annually as early as 2025. Medicinal plants made known to be prospective and useful job for the treatment of several diseases and disorders from prehistoric days to nowadays. One of the commonly used plants, which have supporting evidences from the recent scientific data for the different types of cancers, is Carica papaya. Papaya (Carica papaya) is widely used as folk caloric herbal medicine, being a powerhouse of nutrients and accessible throughout the year. It is a rich source of three powerful antioxidants, the minerals, vitamins and contains high content of fibre. Carica papaya has provided many remedies for various diseases from ancient days to nowadays, and is regarded as a Nutraceutical. Because of this comprehensive medicinal value of Carica papaya, we are trying here to convey the reports studied especially for the anticancer activities of the age-old fruit, which will help researchers to pull in concert data and may be a "lead" for the one of the dangerous disease in the world.