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- 저자 : Nihel (검색결과 4 건)
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Alternative Refrigerants for Solar Absorption Air-Conditioning
Nihel Chekir,Ali Snoussi,Ammar Ben Brahim 대한설비공학회 2020 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.28 No.1
Three hydrocarbons are considered as refrigerants for solar absorption air-conditioner. The cooling plant is composed essentially of the absorption chiller and the solar system is simulated with three working pairs: propane/octane, butane/octane and iso-butane/octane. Results are compared to those of ammonia/water mixture at the same fixed operating conditions and assumptions. The main advantages of the investigated refrigerants are their similar cooling effect compared to ammonia with a coefficient of performance reaching 0.63 and their relatively low working pressures. Nevertheless, the circulation ratio for hydrocarbon mixture is higher compared to ammonia. Propane/octane working mixture seems to be suitable for solar absorption air-conditioners with some particular precautions. The heat required to drive the absorption system is provided by evacuated tubes solar collectors of 90m2, a value in agreement with commercialized solar absorption air-conditioner operating with ammonia.
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Fouling mechanism and screening of backwash parameters
Fatma Zohra Slimane,Fatma Ellouze,Nihel Ben Amar 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.2
This work deals with the membrane fouling mode and the unclogging in seawater ultrafiltration process. The identification of the fouling mechanism by modeling the experimental flux decline was performed using both the classical models of Hermia and the combined models of Bolton. The results show that Bolton models did not bring more precise information than the Hermia’s and the flux decline can be described by one of the four Hermia’s models since the backwash interval is ≤ 60 min. An experimental screening study has been then conducted to choose among 5 parameters (backwash interval, duration, pulses and the flow-rate or injected hypochlorite concentration) those that are the most influential on the fouling and the net water production. It has emerged that fouling is mainly affected by the backwash interval; its prolongation from 30 to 60 min engenders an increase in the reversible fouling and a decrease in the irreversible fouling. This later is also significantly reduced when the hypochlorite concentration increases from 4.5 to 10 ppm. Moreover, the net water production significantly increases with increasing the filtration duration up to 60 min and decreases with decreasing the backwash duration and backwash flow-rate from 10 to 40 s and from 15 to ≥ 20 L.min<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively.
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Charfi, Amine,Thongmak, Narumol,Benyahia, Boumediene,Aslam, Muhammad,Harmand, Jé,rô,me,Amar, Nihel Ben,Lesage, Geoffroy,Sridang, Porntip,Kim, Jeonghwan,Heran, Marc Elsevier 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An Anaerobic Membrane BioReactors (AnMBR) model is presented in this paper based on the combination of a simple fouling model and the Anaerobic Model 2b (AM2b) to describe biological and membrane dynamic responses in an AnMBR. In order to enhance the model calibration and validation, Trans-Membrane Pressure (TMP), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), COD, Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) and methane production were measured. The model shows a satisfactory description of the experimental data with R<SUP>2</SUP> ≈0.9 for TMP data and R<SUP>2</SUP> ≈0.99 for biological parameters. This new model is also proposed as a numerical tool to predict the deposit mass composition of suspended solid and Soluble Microbial Products (SMP) on the membrane surface. The effect of SMP deposit on the TMP jump phenomenon is highlighted. This new approach offers interesting perspectives for fouling prediction and the on-line control of an AnMBR process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A model has been proposed to simulate fouling in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. </LI> <LI> The proposed model is able to simulate the major foulants concentrations in the AnMBR. </LI> <LI> A numerical tool has been developed to determine the deposit cake composition. </LI> <LI> The Transmembrane pressure jump is due to a decrease in cake porosity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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