Outside Aid Has Failed. Only an ‘Intrusive Aid’ Approach Will Work

Nicholas Eberstadt 동아시아재단 2011 Global Asia Vol.6 No.3

Missing Keystones: Echoes of Empire in Kobayashi Masaru’s “Bridge Building”

Nicholas Lambrecht 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2022 International Journal of Korean History Vol.27 No.1

Postwar writings by and about Japanese repatriates often serve to illustrate the incomplete nature of Japanese decolonization. While the process of repatriation physically removed Japanese colonists from the former empire, it also deferred the necessary process of coming to terms with Japan’s imperial past. This article examines how unresolved memories of empire reemerge in the postwar writings of Kobayashi Masaru (1927–1971), a Japanese author who was born and raised in colonial Korea. Through an analysis of Kobayashi’s Akutagawa Prize-nominated short story “Bridge Building” (“Kakyō,” 1960), set in Japan during the Korean War, it shows that although Kobayashi depicts Japanese and Korean characters who are united by a common goal and their past experiences of imperial violence, the gap between them remains insurmountable. The article contends that Kobayashi’s work represents an attempt to counteract romanticized repatriation narratives that had been coopted for new nationalist ends at the beginning of the Cold War.

The analgesic efficacy of the transversalis fascia plane block in iliac crest bone graft harvesting: a randomized controlled trial

Nicholas D. Black,Laith Malhas,Rongyu Jin,Anuj Bhatia,Vincent W. S. Chan,Ki Jinn Chin 대한마취통증의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.72 No.4

Background: Iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) harvesting is associated with significant perioperative pain and opioid consumption. This randomized controlled trial sought to determine if the transversalis fascia plane (TFP) block provides effective analgesia for anterior ICBG harvesting. Methods: Fifty patients undergoing wrist fusion surgery with anterior ICBG harvesting were randomized to receive a TFP block with either 20 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine or 5% dextrose. Patients additionally received a brachial plexus block for primary surgical-site anesthesia and either a general or spinal anesthetic depending on patient preference. Primary outcomes of interest were perioperative opioid consumption (measured as intravenous morphine equivalents [IME]), pain intensity at the ICBG harvest site for up to 48 h postoperatively, and the incidence of persistent postoperative pain at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Results: The TFP group used less opioid in the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU) (median 0 vs. 2.5 mg IME, P = 0.01) and in the first 8 h following PACU discharge (median 2.5 vs. 13.0 mg IME, P = 0.02). The patients who received a TFP block also had lower pain scores in PACU (median 0 vs. 4.0 out of 10, P < 0.001). Although opioid consumption and pain scores were lower in the TFP group at later timepoints, this difference was not statistically significant. Persistent pain at the ICBG site was reported in only 4.3% and 6.5% of all patients at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusions: The TFP block provides effective early analgesia for anterior ICBG harvesting. The incidence of persistent postoperative pain was low.

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Managing Sponsor Relations through Athlete Transgressions

Nicholas Burton 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol. No.

This research seeks to examine the impact of athlete transgressions on endorsement decision-making and dissolution within the context of relationship marketing, within the context of trust as a determinant of relationship development and dissolution. The present study's findings suggest that, when faced with such trigger events, key to the sponsor decision-making process is the risk tolerance and awareness of the sponsor, and the appreciation of risk and vulnerability embedded within the relationship. This acceptance of risk, and the corresponding trust and commitment fostered, represents an important component of relationship management in endorsement contracts. Correspondingly, a model of relationship restoration or dissolution is proposed, conceptualizing the decision-making process for endorsees. This research thus begins to address the managerial implications of transgression for endorsees, in order to better understand the antecedents underpinning the decision-making process of the sponsor in response to a case of sporting transgression.

A Criminological Test of Confucian Family Centrism

( Nicholas Lassi ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2021 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.35

The present study analyzes how Confucian family centrism influences criminality within society. In many ways Confucian culture is Chinese culture, so to understand Confucian crime control practices is to understand China. Material relating to crime prevention was filtered out of prominent Confucian texts, and it was then evaluated and tested using NLSY97 data. The data was obtained from the first wave of responses produced by the NLSY97, with a sample of 4,599 males from the United States between the ages of 12-16. Confucian family centrism was linked to lower levels of delinquency and other negative life outcomes in males. Results showed that boy’s delinquency, behavioral/emotional problems, and stealing were significantly lower with authoritative fathering, a style of parenting associated with Confucian family centrism. Furthermore, higher levels of parental monitoring exhibited by the residential father produced significantly lower levels of delinquency, substance abuse, behavioral/ emotional problems, and stealing among boys; higher levels of parental monitoring are strongly Confucian family centric in nature. These findings hold even after controlling for numerous variables including ethnicity, age, the mothers parenting style, family income, and so on. This test of Confucian family centrism adds support to Confucian parenting theory and Confucian criminological theory.

Functional Dyspepsia: Advances in Diagnosis and Therapy

( Nicholas J. Talley ) 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.3

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common but under-recognized syndrome comprising bothersome recurrent postprandial fullness, early satiety, or epigastric pain/burning. Epidemiologically, there are two clinically distinct FD syndromes (although these often overlap clinically): postprandial distress syndrome (PDS; comprising early satiety or meal-related fullness) and epigastric pain syndrome. Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease overlap with FD more than expected by chance; a subset has pathological acid reflux. The pretest probability of FD in a patient who presents with classical FD symptoms and no alarm features is high, approximately 0.7. Coexistent heartburn should not lead to the exclusion of FD as a diagnosis. One of the most exciting observations in FD has been the consistent finding of increased duodenal eosinophilia, notably in PDS. Small bowel homing T cells, signaling intestinal inflammation, and increased cytokines have been detected in the circulation, and elevated tumor necrosis factor-α levels have been significantly correlated with increased anxiety. Postinfectious gastroenteritis is a risk factor for FD. Therapeutic options remain limited and provide only symptomatic benefit in most cases. Only one therapy is known to change the natural history of FD-Helicobacter pylori eradication. Treatment of duodenal eosinophilia is under investigation. (Gut Liver 2017;11:349-357)

Performance Comparison of the IDC Cooling System according to Heat Sources

Nicholas Lamptey Boafo,Selorm Kwaku Anka,Jong Min Choi 한국신재생에너지학회 2022 AFORE Vol.2022 No.9

High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation as a treatment for benign thyroid diseases: the present and future

Nicholas Kotewall,Brian H. H. Lang 대한초음파의학회 2019 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.38 No.2

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a promising ablation technique for benign thyroid nodules. Current evidence has found good short- to medium-term outcomes, similar to those of better-established ablation techniques such as radiofrequency and laser ablation. The fact that it does not require insertion of a needle into the target makes HIFU a truly non-invasive treatment. Although it is not without risks, its low risk profile makes it an attractive alternative to surgery. There is much room for future development, starting from expanding the current indications to enhancing energy delivery. Relapsed Graves disease and papillary microcarcinoma are diseases that can benefit from HIFU treatment. Its role in the mediation of immune responses and synergistic effects with immunotherapy are promising in the fight against metastatic cancers.

Performance Characteristics of Internet Data Center Cooling System Utilizing Water Source

Nicholas Lamptey Boafo,Selorm Kwaku Anka,Jong Min Choi 대한설비공학회 2022 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.6

Internet data centers have grown significantly in recent years as a result of the extensive use of telecommunication and internet systems, and they are already causing energy and environmental challenges. Conventional data centers are usually cooled by air-source vapor compression systems which require an uninterrupted electricity supply all year round. The energy consumption of the space cooling system has been in charge by 30-50% of the total energy delivered to a typical data center. There is rare literature on the use of dam water as a potential heat source for IDC cooling systems. This paper presents a cooling system utilizing deep dam water as a heat source. The basic performance characteristics of the system were experimentally analyzed according to operational methods with emphasis on the variation of entering water temperature. It is observed that the capacity for the two modes increases significantly as the OD EWT falls. Overall system COP in the free cooling mode increased greatly rather than it in the forced cooling mode.

Artist Teachers/Teaching Artists: Negotiating Pedagogic Identities

Nicholas Addison 한국국제미술교육학회 2010 미술과 교육 Vol.11 No.1

Within the context of further professional development art teachers and educators often reflect on their pedagogy through discursive and written modes of analysis and research. However, in recent years there has been a turn to visual practice as research and this paper maps how four MA students and one doctoral student engage with its possibilities. Rather than conceiving artistic practice as an alternative to their pedagogic situation, each of them finds a way to re-engage more fully with practice so as to understand this situation more fully; in this way they are able to transform both their artistic and their pedagogic practice simultaneously. The first MA student finds a way to enter art teaching by re-imagining the pedagogy of her childhood in domestic settings; the second reinvigorates his teaching with reference to artistic practices developed within a friendship; the third crosses disciplinary subject boundaries to transform the outcomes of school art; the fourth, investigates pedagogic power relations through performative strategies while the doctoral student attempts to dissolve the boundaries that make art and art education distinct categories.